本文主要研究内容
作者张迪（2019）在《女贞子对断奶仔猪小肠黏膜形态及免疫功能的影响》一文中研究指出：中国是全球最大的抗生素生产国和消费国,同时也是全球细菌耐药最为严重的国家之一。目前,我国每年约一半的抗生素作为饲料添加剂被普遍使用于畜禽养殖业,抗生素具有防治疾病,促进生长、节约营养等作用。由于监管体系的不够完善,受利益驱使等原因,厂商和养殖户在抗生素的使用过程中存在盲目添加、滥用抗生素等一系列问题,进而引发细菌耐药性增加、危害人体健康、破坏环境生态以及损害经济等影响。数据显示,国内抗生素每年总产量大约为21万吨,国内消费约18万吨,其中用于畜牧及饲料行业的抗生素就高达9.7万吨,约占54%。近年来,抗生素使用量仍在不断上升,其中绝大部分是作为饲料添加剂而不是治疗药物使用。我国已经连续多次在各种食用肉制品、乳制品甚至动物源性生化药品中检出抗生素残留,人长期摄入各种抗生素残留超标的动物产品相当于长期低剂量服用抗生素,产生致畸、致癌、致突变作用,因此,重视食品安全问题,刻不容缓。自从人们发现抗生素等给动物带来副作用,也给人类健康带来危害以后,国内外有关专家和学者一直在寻找改进和替代西药,于是我国传统的天然中兽医药应运而生。女贞原产于中国,在我国有普遍种植,而女贞子为女贞成熟后的干燥果实,属于补益类中草药,是一味传统的扶正固本类药物,富含多种营养成分和生物活性物质。选择健康杜×长×大断奶仔猪50只,随机分为5组,每组10只。5组分别为对照组,女贞子高、中、低剂量组和抗生素组。女贞子高、中、低剂量组在日粮中分别添加2%、1%和0.5%的女贞子粉,抗生素组在日粮中添加硫酸庆大霉素(1mg/kg),对照组不添加任何药物。(1)研究女贞子对断奶仔猪生长性能、血常规和肝肾功能的影响;(2)女贞子对仔猪十二指肠、空肠、回肠肠绒毛高度(VH)、隐窝深度(CD)及VH/CD值得影响;(3)建立仔猪腹泻模型,研究女贞子对大肠杆菌感染仔猪小肠十二指肠、空肠、回肠肠绒毛高度(VH)、隐窝深度深度(CD)及VH/CD值得影响;(4)女贞子对大肠杆菌感染下仔猪小肠基因的表达水平。结果:(1)2%女贞子和1%女贞子能显著降低仔猪的料重比(P<0.05),2%女贞子有显著提高仔猪的末重(P<0.05);WBC抗生素组与低剂量组比较有显著上升趋势(P<0.05);RBC对照组与中剂量组比较有显著上升趋势(P<0.05);MCV对照组、低剂量组、抗生素组较中剂量组有显著上升趋势(P<0.05);MCH对照组、低剂量组、抗生素组较中剂量组有显著上升的趋势(P<0.05);RDW-SD中剂量组与对照组显著降低的趋势(P<0.05);与对照组相比,高剂量组的谷草转氨酶(AST)有显著降低(P<0.05);与对照组的AST/ALT相比,高剂量组、低剂量组、抗生素组均有显著降低(P<0.05);抗生素组的血清肌酐显著高于高、中、低女贞子剂量组和对照组(P<0.05)。(2)十二指肠:VH对照组与高、中剂量组比较有显著差异(P<0.05),低剂量组与高剂量组组、中剂量组组比较有显著差异(P<0.05),抗生素组与中剂量组组比较有显著差异(P<0.05);VH/CD值对照组、抗生素组与中剂量组组比较有显著差异(P<0.05)。空肠:VH高、中、低剂量组和抗生素组较对照组均有提高的趋势,但无显著差异(P>0.05);CD高剂量组其余四组有降低的趋势,但无显著差异(P>0.05);VH/CD值女贞子高中低三组均高于对照组和抗生素组,但无显著差异(P>0.05)。回肠:VH对照组低于高、中、低剂量组有显著差异(P<0.05)。(3)攻毒后十二指肠:VH对照组与高、中、低剂量组抗生素组比较有极显著差异(P<0.01);CD对照组与高、中剂量组有显著差异,低剂量组与中剂量组比较有显著差异(P<0.05);VH/CD值对照组与高、中剂量组比较有极显著差异(P<0.01),低剂量组与中剂量组比较有显著差异(P<0.05)。攻毒后空肠:VH对照组与高剂量组比较有显著差异(P<0.05);VH/CD值对照组与高剂量组比较有显著差异(P<0.05)。攻毒后回肠:VH对照组与高中抗有极显著差异(P<0.01),低剂量组与高、抗有极显著差异(P<0.01),低剂量组与中剂量组有显著差异(P<0.05);VH/CD值对照组与高、中剂量组有显著差异(P<0.05),低剂量组与高、中剂量组有显著差异(P<0.05)。(4)通过荧光定量PCR测得女贞子对大肠杆菌感染仔猪小肠基因的表达水平能够显著降低TNF-α和IL-1β。结论:综上所述,女贞子可以提高仔猪生产性能和改善肝肾功能,提高仔猪肠绒毛高度、降低隐窝深度,并对肠道黏膜免疫起到积极作用。
Abstract
zhong guo shi quan qiu zui da de kang sheng su sheng chan guo he xiao fei guo ,tong shi ye shi quan qiu xi jun nai yao zui wei yan chong de guo jia zhi yi 。mu qian ,wo guo mei nian yao yi ban de kang sheng su zuo wei si liao tian jia ji bei pu bian shi yong yu chu qin yang shi ye ,kang sheng su ju you fang zhi ji bing ,cu jin sheng chang 、jie yao ying yang deng zuo yong 。you yu jian guan ti ji de bu gou wan shan ,shou li yi qu shi deng yuan yin ,an shang he yang shi hu zai kang sheng su de shi yong guo cheng zhong cun zai mang mu tian jia 、lan yong kang sheng su deng yi ji lie wen ti ,jin er yin fa xi jun nai yao xing zeng jia 、wei hai ren ti jian kang 、po huai huan jing sheng tai yi ji sun hai jing ji deng ying xiang 。shu ju xian shi ,guo nei kang sheng su mei nian zong chan liang da yao wei 21mo dun ,guo nei xiao fei yao 18mo dun ,ji zhong yong yu chu mu ji si liao hang ye de kang sheng su jiu gao da 9.7mo dun ,yao zhan 54%。jin nian lai ,kang sheng su shi yong liang reng zai bu duan shang sheng ,ji zhong jue da bu fen shi zuo wei si liao tian jia ji er bu shi zhi liao yao wu shi yong 。wo guo yi jing lian xu duo ci zai ge chong shi yong rou zhi pin 、ru zhi pin shen zhi dong wu yuan xing sheng hua yao pin zhong jian chu kang sheng su can liu ,ren chang ji she ru ge chong kang sheng su can liu chao biao de dong wu chan pin xiang dang yu chang ji di ji liang fu yong kang sheng su ,chan sheng zhi ji 、zhi ai 、zhi tu bian zuo yong ,yin ci ,chong shi shi pin an quan wen ti ,ke bu rong huan 。zi cong ren men fa xian kang sheng su deng gei dong wu dai lai fu zuo yong ,ye gei ren lei jian kang dai lai wei hai yi hou ,guo nei wai you guan zhuan jia he xue zhe yi zhi zai xun zhao gai jin he ti dai xi yao ,yu shi wo guo chuan tong de tian ran zhong shou yi yao ying yun er sheng 。nv zhen yuan chan yu zhong guo ,zai wo guo you pu bian chong zhi ,er nv zhen zi wei nv zhen cheng shou hou de gan zao guo shi ,shu yu bu yi lei zhong cao yao ,shi yi wei chuan tong de fu zheng gu ben lei yao wu ,fu han duo chong ying yang cheng fen he sheng wu huo xing wu zhi 。shua ze jian kang du ×chang ×da duan nai zai zhu 50zhi ,sui ji fen wei 5zu ,mei zu 10zhi 。5zu fen bie wei dui zhao zu ,nv zhen zi gao 、zhong 、di ji liang zu he kang sheng su zu 。nv zhen zi gao 、zhong 、di ji liang zu zai ri liang zhong fen bie tian jia 2%、1%he 0.5%de nv zhen zi fen ,kang sheng su zu zai ri liang zhong tian jia liu suan qing da mei su (1mg/kg),dui zhao zu bu tian jia ren he yao wu 。(1)yan jiu nv zhen zi dui duan nai zai zhu sheng chang xing neng 、xie chang gui he gan shen gong neng de ying xiang ;(2)nv zhen zi dui zai zhu shi er zhi chang 、kong chang 、hui chang chang rong mao gao du (VH)、yin wo shen du (CD)ji VH/CDzhi de ying xiang ;(3)jian li zai zhu fu xie mo xing ,yan jiu nv zhen zi dui da chang gan jun gan ran zai zhu xiao chang shi er zhi chang 、kong chang 、hui chang chang rong mao gao du (VH)、yin wo shen du shen du (CD)ji VH/CDzhi de ying xiang ;(4)nv zhen zi dui da chang gan jun gan ran xia zai zhu xiao chang ji yin de biao da shui ping 。jie guo :(1)2%nv zhen zi he 1%nv zhen zi neng xian zhe jiang di zai zhu de liao chong bi (P<0.05),2%nv zhen zi you xian zhe di gao zai zhu de mo chong (P<0.05);WBCkang sheng su zu yu di ji liang zu bi jiao you xian zhe shang sheng qu shi (P<0.05);RBCdui zhao zu yu zhong ji liang zu bi jiao you xian zhe shang sheng qu shi (P<0.05);MCVdui zhao zu 、di ji liang zu 、kang sheng su zu jiao zhong ji liang zu you xian zhe shang sheng qu shi (P<0.05);MCHdui zhao zu 、di ji liang zu 、kang sheng su zu jiao zhong ji liang zu you xian zhe shang sheng de qu shi (P<0.05);RDW-SDzhong ji liang zu yu dui zhao zu xian zhe jiang di de qu shi (P<0.05);yu dui zhao zu xiang bi ,gao ji liang zu de gu cao zhuai an mei (AST)you xian zhe jiang di (P<0.05);yu dui zhao zu de AST/ALTxiang bi ,gao ji liang zu 、di ji liang zu 、kang sheng su zu jun you xian zhe jiang di (P<0.05);kang sheng su zu de xie qing ji gan xian zhe gao yu gao 、zhong 、di nv zhen zi ji liang zu he dui zhao zu (P<0.05)。(2)shi er zhi chang :VHdui zhao zu yu gao 、zhong ji liang zu bi jiao you xian zhe cha yi (P<0.05),di ji liang zu yu gao ji liang zu zu 、zhong ji liang zu zu bi jiao you xian zhe cha yi (P<0.05),kang sheng su zu yu zhong ji liang zu zu bi jiao you xian zhe cha yi (P<0.05);VH/CDzhi dui zhao zu 、kang sheng su zu yu zhong ji liang zu zu bi jiao you xian zhe cha yi (P<0.05)。kong chang :VHgao 、zhong 、di ji liang zu he kang sheng su zu jiao dui zhao zu jun you di gao de qu shi ,dan mo xian zhe cha yi (P>0.05);CDgao ji liang zu ji yu si zu you jiang di de qu shi ,dan mo xian zhe cha yi (P>0.05);VH/CDzhi nv zhen zi gao zhong di san zu jun gao yu dui zhao zu he kang sheng su zu ,dan mo xian zhe cha yi (P>0.05)。hui chang :VHdui zhao zu di yu gao 、zhong 、di ji liang zu you xian zhe cha yi (P<0.05)。(3)gong du hou shi er zhi chang :VHdui zhao zu yu gao 、zhong 、di ji liang zu kang sheng su zu bi jiao you ji xian zhe cha yi (P<0.01);CDdui zhao zu yu gao 、zhong ji liang zu you xian zhe cha yi ,di ji liang zu yu zhong ji liang zu bi jiao you xian zhe cha yi (P<0.05);VH/CDzhi dui zhao zu yu gao 、zhong ji liang zu bi jiao you ji xian zhe cha yi (P<0.01),di ji liang zu yu zhong ji liang zu bi jiao you xian zhe cha yi (P<0.05)。gong du hou kong chang :VHdui zhao zu yu gao ji liang zu bi jiao you xian zhe cha yi (P<0.05);VH/CDzhi dui zhao zu yu gao ji liang zu bi jiao you xian zhe cha yi (P<0.05)。gong du hou hui chang :VHdui zhao zu yu gao zhong kang you ji xian zhe cha yi (P<0.01),di ji liang zu yu gao 、kang you ji xian zhe cha yi (P<0.01),di ji liang zu yu zhong ji liang zu you xian zhe cha yi (P<0.05);VH/CDzhi dui zhao zu yu gao 、zhong ji liang zu you xian zhe cha yi (P<0.05),di ji liang zu yu gao 、zhong ji liang zu you xian zhe cha yi (P<0.05)。(4)tong guo ying guang ding liang PCRce de nv zhen zi dui da chang gan jun gan ran zai zhu xiao chang ji yin de biao da shui ping neng gou xian zhe jiang di TNF-αhe IL-1β。jie lun :zeng shang suo shu ,nv zhen zi ke yi di gao zai zhu sheng chan xing neng he gai shan gan shen gong neng ,di gao zai zhu chang rong mao gao du 、jiang di yin wo shen du ,bing dui chang dao nian mo mian yi qi dao ji ji zuo yong 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自河北农业大学的张迪，发表于刊物河北农业大学2019-09-19论文，是一篇关于女贞子论文,断奶仔猪论文,肠黏膜形态论文,河北农业大学2019-09-19论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自河北农业大学2019-09-19论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：女贞子论文; 断奶仔猪论文; 肠黏膜形态论文; 河北农业大学2019-09-19论文;