本文主要研究内容
作者刘晓娇(2019)在《酸面团细菌多样性、产细菌素乳酸菌分离及RtcR蛋白激活rtcBA操纵子转录机制研究》一文中研究指出:由抗生素引发的多重耐药菌导致人类某些疾病无法治愈而引起患者死亡,所以有关抗生素替代品-细菌素的研究成为目前科学领域的焦点,而限制细菌素广泛应用的原因在于已发现的大部分细菌素存在抑菌谱较窄的问题。该问题可以从以下两个方面解决:第一,发掘更多广谱细菌素,丰富细菌素的种类;第二,研究致病菌耐细菌素机制,为制定预防或减少耐药性策略提供研究基础。对于第一个方面,通过从酸面团中筛选产广谱细菌素的乳酸菌,从而为获得广谱细菌素提供丰富菌种。对于第二个方面,选取具有代表性的细菌素-大肠杆菌素(Colicin),研究病原菌耐Colicin机制。虽然Colicin E3、E4、E5、E6和Colicin D通过切断病原菌的t-RNA和16S rRNA来抑制蛋白质合成,最终杀死病原菌,但是含有rtcBA操纵子的病原菌-大肠杆菌MG1655通过上调RtcB蛋白(连接酶)和RtcA蛋白(环化酶)的表达可耐受Colicin。而rtcBA操纵子转录需要RtcR蛋白激活Eσ54全酶(RNA聚合酶和σ54因子)才能转录rtcB和rtcA基因,所以本研究通过研究RtcR蛋白激活转录rtcBA操纵子机制为研究耐Colicin机制提供研究基础。对于以上两方面的探索,可以为研究病原菌对Colicin的抗性机制提供研究思路,为未来制定预防或减少耐药性提供策略,为细菌素取代抗生素的应用提供研究思路。因此,本研究的主要内容是酸面团细菌多样性分析、产广谱细菌素乳酸菌分离、克隆表达纯化与RtcR蛋白激活转录功能相关的各种蛋白、探索RtcR蛋白激活转录rtcBA操纵子的机制及X射线衍射法解析RtcR蛋白结构。具体研究结果如下:1.通过高通量测序对酸面团的细菌多样性进行分析,结果表明厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)是所有酸面团菌中最主要的门,乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)是所有南方酸面团及部分北方酸面团的优势菌群,而片球菌属(Pediococcus)和梭菌属(Clostridium)是西方酸面团的优势菌群;西部酸面团与北部和南部酸面团细菌多样性之间存在显著性差异,北部和南部酸面团样品的细菌多样性之间没有显著性差异;乳杆菌属等11个属的相对丰度、发酵比例、萜类化合物和聚酮化合物代谢(metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides,MTP)及外源性生物代谢相对丰度的不同(xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism,XBM)是西部酸面团和南北部酸面团产生差异的主要因素。另外,在所研究的酸面团中首次发现了XBM和MTP代谢途径,从代谢角度表明酸面团中含有产细菌素的乳酸菌。2.利用MRS培养基从11个酸面团中分离出55株乳酸菌,通过牛津杯法筛选出22株抑制大肠杆菌ATCC 25922或金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 25923生长的乳酸菌,其中11株乳酸菌同时对上述两种指示菌具有抑菌效果。所选抑菌效果最好的三株乳酸菌JY1、ZZ4和JY2所产细菌素均在80%硫酸铵饱和度下的广谱抑菌效果最好;在该饱和度下,ZZ4菌株抑菌效果最好,抑菌谱最广,经过16S rRNA鉴定为鼠李糖乳杆菌。3.通过基因克隆成功表达了full length RtcR蛋白(包括N端CARF调控结构域、中间AAA+结构域和C端DNA结合结构域)和?CARF-RtcR蛋白(包括中间AAA+结构域和C端DNA结合结构域);利用亲和层析、离子交换层析和凝胶过滤层析等方法对full length RtcR、?CARF-RtcR蛋白和CARF-RtcR(包括N端CARF调控结构域)、整合宿主因子(Integration host factor,IHF)和σ54因子分别进行表达和纯化,以上蛋白的最终纯度均大于95%,各蛋白产率依次为:full length RtcR蛋白0.6 mg/L,?CARF-RtcR蛋白0.75 mg/L、CARF-RtcR蛋白0.1 mg/L、IHF蛋白2.0 mg/L、σ54因子8.0 mg/L。4.通过体外转录试验发现只有当?CARF-RtcR蛋白浓度高于100 nM时,才具有体外激活转录rtcBA操纵子的功能,RtcR蛋白N端调控结构域会抑制?CARF-RtcR蛋白和full length RtcR蛋白的体外激活转录功能;通过标准曲线法和体积排阻色谱(size exclusion chromatography-multiangle Light Scattering,SEC-MALS)法确定?CARF-RtcR蛋白和full length RtcR蛋白均以非活性的二聚体形式存在;通过非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测定?CARF-RtcR蛋白与194 bp rtcBA启动子DNA亲和力常数Kd为550 nM,与32 bp rtcBA启动子DNA亲和力常数kd为1730 nM,IHF蛋白与194 bp rtcBA启动子DNA亲和力常数Kd为38 nM,以上三个蛋白均以二聚体的形式结合在rtcBA启动子DNA上;通过荧光光度法测定基础ATP酶水解速率,发现在194 bp和32 bp rtcBA启动子DNA启动子的辅助下,?CARF-RtcR蛋白基础ATP酶水解速率分别是不加rtcBA启动子DNA的106倍和20倍;通过透射电镜检测发现194 bp rtcBA启动子DNA可以辅助?CARF-RtcR蛋白与ADP·AlFx形成具有激活转录活性的六聚体;最后使用凝胶过滤层析证明?CARF-RtcR蛋白以六聚体的形式和σ54因子形成复合物。5.通过坐滴法筛选和悬滴法优化得到天然?CARF-RtcR蛋白晶体和硒代蛋氨酸?CARF-RtcR蛋白晶体,通过紫外线照射和十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳证实所得晶体为?CARF-RtcR蛋白晶体;利用X射线衍射法得到天然?CARF-RtcR蛋白晶体和硒代蛋氨酸?CARF-RtcR蛋白晶体的分辨率分别为2.9?和3.1?;通过CCP4软件解析出?CARF-RtcR蛋白AAA+结构域,该结构域主要由N端的alpha螺旋-beta折叠和C端的alpha螺旋组成,在该结构域可见GAFTGA环,而该环在其他同源bEEBPs中较少被解析到;在一个非对称晶格内有两个?CARF-RtcR单聚体组成同源二聚体,通过晶体对称延伸可以形成同源六聚体。
Abstract
you kang sheng su yin fa de duo chong nai yao jun dao zhi ren lei mou xie ji bing mo fa zhi yu er yin qi huan zhe si wang ,suo yi you guan kang sheng su ti dai pin -xi jun su de yan jiu cheng wei mu qian ke xue ling yu de jiao dian ,er xian zhi xi jun su an fan ying yong de yuan yin zai yu yi fa xian de da bu fen xi jun su cun zai yi jun pu jiao zhai de wen ti 。gai wen ti ke yi cong yi xia liang ge fang mian jie jue :di yi ,fa jue geng duo an pu xi jun su ,feng fu xi jun su de chong lei ;di er ,yan jiu zhi bing jun nai xi jun su ji zhi ,wei zhi ding yu fang huo jian shao nai yao xing ce lve di gong yan jiu ji chu 。dui yu di yi ge fang mian ,tong guo cong suan mian tuan zhong shai shua chan an pu xi jun su de ru suan jun ,cong er wei huo de an pu xi jun su di gong feng fu jun chong 。dui yu di er ge fang mian ,shua qu ju you dai biao xing de xi jun su -da chang gan jun su (Colicin),yan jiu bing yuan jun nai Colicinji zhi 。sui ran Colicin E3、E4、E5、E6he Colicin Dtong guo qie duan bing yuan jun de t-RNAhe 16S rRNAlai yi zhi dan bai zhi ge cheng ,zui zhong sha si bing yuan jun ,dan shi han you rtcBAcao zong zi de bing yuan jun -da chang gan jun MG1655tong guo shang diao RtcBdan bai (lian jie mei )he RtcAdan bai (huan hua mei )de biao da ke nai shou Colicin。er rtcBAcao zong zi zhuai lu xu yao RtcRdan bai ji huo Eσ54quan mei (RNAju ge mei he σ54yin zi )cai neng zhuai lu rtcBhe rtcAji yin ,suo yi ben yan jiu tong guo yan jiu RtcRdan bai ji huo zhuai lu rtcBAcao zong zi ji zhi wei yan jiu nai Colicinji zhi di gong yan jiu ji chu 。dui yu yi shang liang fang mian de tan suo ,ke yi wei yan jiu bing yuan jun dui Colicinde kang xing ji zhi di gong yan jiu sai lu ,wei wei lai zhi ding yu fang huo jian shao nai yao xing di gong ce lve ,wei xi jun su qu dai kang sheng su de ying yong di gong yan jiu sai lu 。yin ci ,ben yan jiu de zhu yao nei rong shi suan mian tuan xi jun duo yang xing fen xi 、chan an pu xi jun su ru suan jun fen li 、ke long biao da chun hua yu RtcRdan bai ji huo zhuai lu gong neng xiang guan de ge chong dan bai 、tan suo RtcRdan bai ji huo zhuai lu rtcBAcao zong zi de ji zhi ji Xshe xian yan she fa jie xi RtcRdan bai jie gou 。ju ti yan jiu jie guo ru xia :1.tong guo gao tong liang ce xu dui suan mian tuan de xi jun duo yang xing jin hang fen xi ,jie guo biao ming hou bi jun men (Firmicutes)shi suo you suan mian tuan jun zhong zui zhu yao de men ,ru gan jun shu (Lactobacillus)shi suo you na fang suan mian tuan ji bu fen bei fang suan mian tuan de you shi jun qun ,er pian qiu jun shu (Pediococcus)he suo jun shu (Clostridium)shi xi fang suan mian tuan de you shi jun qun ;xi bu suan mian tuan yu bei bu he na bu suan mian tuan xi jun duo yang xing zhi jian cun zai xian zhe xing cha yi ,bei bu he na bu suan mian tuan yang pin de xi jun duo yang xing zhi jian mei you xian zhe xing cha yi ;ru gan jun shu deng 11ge shu de xiang dui feng du 、fa jiao bi li 、tie lei hua ge wu he ju tong hua ge wu dai xie (metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides,MTP)ji wai yuan xing sheng wu dai xie xiang dui feng du de bu tong (xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism,XBM)shi xi bu suan mian tuan he na bei bu suan mian tuan chan sheng cha yi de zhu yao yin su 。ling wai ,zai suo yan jiu de suan mian tuan zhong shou ci fa xian le XBMhe MTPdai xie tu jing ,cong dai xie jiao du biao ming suan mian tuan zhong han you chan xi jun su de ru suan jun 。2.li yong MRSpei yang ji cong 11ge suan mian tuan zhong fen li chu 55zhu ru suan jun ,tong guo niu jin bei fa shai shua chu 22zhu yi zhi da chang gan jun ATCC 25922huo jin huang se pu tao qiu jun ATCC 25923sheng chang de ru suan jun ,ji zhong 11zhu ru suan jun tong shi dui shang shu liang chong zhi shi jun ju you yi jun xiao guo 。suo shua yi jun xiao guo zui hao de san zhu ru suan jun JY1、ZZ4he JY2suo chan xi jun su jun zai 80%liu suan an bao he du xia de an pu yi jun xiao guo zui hao ;zai gai bao he du xia ,ZZ4jun zhu yi jun xiao guo zui hao ,yi jun pu zui an ,jing guo 16S rRNAjian ding wei shu li tang ru gan jun 。3.tong guo ji yin ke long cheng gong biao da le full length RtcRdan bai (bao gua Nduan CARFdiao kong jie gou yu 、zhong jian AAA+jie gou yu he Cduan DNAjie ge jie gou yu )he ?CARF-RtcRdan bai (bao gua zhong jian AAA+jie gou yu he Cduan DNAjie ge jie gou yu );li yong qin he ceng xi 、li zi jiao huan ceng xi he ning jiao guo lv ceng xi deng fang fa dui full length RtcR、?CARF-RtcRdan bai he CARF-RtcR(bao gua Nduan CARFdiao kong jie gou yu )、zheng ge su zhu yin zi (Integration host factor,IHF)he σ54yin zi fen bie jin hang biao da he chun hua ,yi shang dan bai de zui zhong chun du jun da yu 95%,ge dan bai chan lv yi ci wei :full length RtcRdan bai 0.6 mg/L,?CARF-RtcRdan bai 0.75 mg/L、CARF-RtcRdan bai 0.1 mg/L、IHFdan bai 2.0 mg/L、σ54yin zi 8.0 mg/L。4.tong guo ti wai zhuai lu shi yan fa xian zhi you dang ?CARF-RtcRdan bai nong du gao yu 100 nMshi ,cai ju you ti wai ji huo zhuai lu rtcBAcao zong zi de gong neng ,RtcRdan bai Nduan diao kong jie gou yu hui yi zhi ?CARF-RtcRdan bai he full length RtcRdan bai de ti wai ji huo zhuai lu gong neng ;tong guo biao zhun qu xian fa he ti ji pai zu se pu (size exclusion chromatography-multiangle Light Scattering,SEC-MALS)fa que ding ?CARF-RtcRdan bai he full length RtcRdan bai jun yi fei huo xing de er ju ti xing shi cun zai ;tong guo fei bian xing ju bing xi xian an ning jiao dian yong ce ding ?CARF-RtcRdan bai yu 194 bp rtcBAqi dong zi DNAqin he li chang shu Kdwei 550 nM,yu 32 bp rtcBAqi dong zi DNAqin he li chang shu kdwei 1730 nM,IHFdan bai yu 194 bp rtcBAqi dong zi DNAqin he li chang shu Kdwei 38 nM,yi shang san ge dan bai jun yi er ju ti de xing shi jie ge zai rtcBAqi dong zi DNAshang ;tong guo ying guang guang du fa ce ding ji chu ATPmei shui jie su lv ,fa xian zai 194 bphe 32 bp rtcBAqi dong zi DNAqi dong zi de fu zhu xia ,?CARF-RtcRdan bai ji chu ATPmei shui jie su lv fen bie shi bu jia rtcBAqi dong zi DNAde 106bei he 20bei ;tong guo tou she dian jing jian ce fa xian 194 bp rtcBAqi dong zi DNAke yi fu zhu ?CARF-RtcRdan bai yu ADP·AlFxxing cheng ju you ji huo zhuai lu huo xing de liu ju ti ;zui hou shi yong ning jiao guo lv ceng xi zheng ming ?CARF-RtcRdan bai yi liu ju ti de xing shi he σ54yin zi xing cheng fu ge wu 。5.tong guo zuo di fa shai shua he xuan di fa you hua de dao tian ran ?CARF-RtcRdan bai jing ti he xi dai dan an suan ?CARF-RtcRdan bai jing ti ,tong guo zi wai xian zhao she he shi er wan ji huang suan na -ju bing xi xian an ning jiao dian yong zheng shi suo de jing ti wei ?CARF-RtcRdan bai jing ti ;li yong Xshe xian yan she fa de dao tian ran ?CARF-RtcRdan bai jing ti he xi dai dan an suan ?CARF-RtcRdan bai jing ti de fen bian lv fen bie wei 2.9?he 3.1?;tong guo CCP4ruan jian jie xi chu ?CARF-RtcRdan bai AAA+jie gou yu ,gai jie gou yu zhu yao you Nduan de alphaluo xuan -betashe die he Cduan de alphaluo xuan zu cheng ,zai gai jie gou yu ke jian GAFTGAhuan ,er gai huan zai ji ta tong yuan bEEBPszhong jiao shao bei jie xi dao ;zai yi ge fei dui chen jing ge nei you liang ge ?CARF-RtcRchan ju ti zu cheng tong yuan er ju ti ,tong guo jing ti dui chen yan shen ke yi xing cheng tong yuan liu ju ti 。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自西北农林科技大学的刘晓娇,发表于刊物西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文,是一篇关于细菌素论文,乳酸菌论文,大肠杆菌素论文,因子论文,西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:细菌素论文; 乳酸菌论文; 大肠杆菌素论文; 因子论文; 西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文;