本文主要研究内容
作者刘婷婷（2019）在《低温胁迫下AM真菌调控水稻脯氨酸代谢机制》一文中研究指出：丛枝菌根（Arbuscular mycorrhiza,AM）真菌与陆生植物根系形成的共生体—菌根,不仅能促进宿主养分吸收还能增强其低温抗性。脯氨酸（Proline,Pro）是重要的胁迫保护物质,低温胁迫下菌根中脯氨酸积累是AM真菌提高宿主抗性的主要机制之一。然而关于低温胁迫下菌根共生体中脯氨酸积累的内在机制还不明晰。本研究采用盆栽试验,以水稻为宿主植物,以根内球囊霉为AM真菌菌种,对接种与不接种AM真菌的水稻分别设置外源添加一氧化氮（Nitric oxide,NO）(0 mmol·L-1与0.1 mmol·L-1)与施氮(30 mg·L-1与80 mg·L-1)处理,培养至有效分蘖临界叶龄期,进行温度（15℃±1.0℃与22℃±1.0℃）处理,处理7d后取样,通过测定氮代谢关键酶活性、脯氨酸代谢底物与关键基因表达以及NO代谢关键酶活性变化情况,探究低温胁迫下AM共生体脯氨酸代谢特征,NO在AM真菌促进水稻脯氨酸积累过程中的作用,以及不同供氮水平下AM真菌对水稻脯氨酸代谢的影响,以期探明AM真菌响应低温胁迫的脯氨酸代谢机制。主要研究结果如下:低温胁迫抑制水稻的生长发育,AM真菌促进了水稻脯氨酸的积累,进而提高水稻低温抗性。低温降低了水稻株高、根长、鲜重与干重,显著抑制了水稻的生长,AM真菌对水稻生长具有显著积极作用,根长基本能够恢复到常温水平。AM真菌的侵染使水稻脯氨酸含量增加6.77%（P<0.05）,谷氨酸与鸟氨酸含量分别降低6.99%与9.42%,脯氨酸代谢关键基因OsP5CS1、OsP5CS2、OsOAT与OsProDH表达量分别增加了22.39%、41.97%、21.91%与55.84%,均达到5%显著水平。同时,AM真菌增强氮代谢关键酶活性,且使水稻一氧化氮合酶（Nitric oxide synthase,NOS）活性与NO浓度分别增加12.37%（P<0.05）与34.15%（P<0.05）。外源添加NO促进菌根共生体的形成,使菌根侵染率在常温与低温条件下分别增加了25.93%（P<0.05）与29.17%（P<0.05）。外源NO使水稻脯氨酸含量增加了3.70%-6.49%,脯氨酸代谢底物谷氨酸（Glutamate,Glu）含量降低36.00%（P<0.05）,但对鸟氨酸（Ornithine,Orn）含量影响较小。同时,与对照相比,外源添加NO使未接种AM真菌的水稻OsP5CS1、OsP5CS2、OsOAT与OsProDH基因表达量分别增加了1.48倍（P<0.05）、1.14倍、2.13倍（P<0.05）与1.32倍,接种AM真菌的水稻分别显著增加了1.60倍、1.58倍、2.13倍与1.33倍。这表明,低温条件下,AM真菌增强水稻脯氨酸代谢,促进脯氨酸积累,缓解低温对水稻的危害。在这一过程中,NO可以作为AM共生体信号分子,通过活化脯氨酸合成的谷氨酸与鸟氨酸途径调控水稻脯氨酸代谢过程,促进水稻脯氨酸积累。低温胁迫下,AM真菌对水稻脯氨酸代谢促进作用与供氮水平密切相关。低温条件下,AM真菌促进水稻的生长发育,低氮处理水稻地上部增长（MSR）与根系增长（MRR）较高氮处理分别高89.87%（P<0.05）与51.49%,菌根侵染率高45.36%（P<0.05）。与未接种AM真菌的水稻相比,接种的水稻地上部硝酸还原酶（Nitrate reductase,NR）活性、谷氨酰胺合成酶（Glutamine synthetase,GS）活性、NOS活性与NO浓度在低氮水平下分别高22.42%（P<0.05）、23.01%（P<0.05）、20.74%与25.26%（P<0.05）;在高氮水平下分别高4.49%、9.27%、13.43%与6.46%（P<0.05）。AM真菌的侵染使水稻脯氨酸含量在低氮与高氮条件下分别增加14.61%（P<0.05）与9.91%,谷氨酸含量分别降低16.63%（P<0.05）与6.49%。因此,AM真菌在低氮水平下对宿主氮代谢与脯氨酸代谢的促进作用更显著,更有利于脯氨酸的积累,增强宿主低温抗性。综上所述,低温抑制了水稻的生长,AM真菌的侵染促进水稻脯氨酸积累,进而提高水稻低温抗性;在这一过程中,NO作为信号分子,通过调控脯氨酸合成的谷氨酸与鸟氨酸途径促进共生体脯氨酸积累。此外,低温条件下,AM真菌对水稻的促进作用与供氮水平密切相关,在低氮条件下尤为显著。
Abstract
cong zhi jun gen （Arbuscular mycorrhiza,AM）zhen jun yu liu sheng zhi wu gen ji xing cheng de gong sheng ti —jun gen ,bu jin neng cu jin su zhu yang fen xi shou hai neng zeng jiang ji di wen kang xing 。fu an suan （Proline,Pro）shi chong yao de xie pai bao hu wu zhi ,di wen xie pai xia jun gen zhong fu an suan ji lei shi AMzhen jun di gao su zhu kang xing de zhu yao ji zhi zhi yi 。ran er guan yu di wen xie pai xia jun gen gong sheng ti zhong fu an suan ji lei de nei zai ji zhi hai bu ming xi 。ben yan jiu cai yong pen zai shi yan ,yi shui dao wei su zhu zhi wu ,yi gen nei qiu nang mei wei AMzhen jun jun chong ,dui jie chong yu bu jie chong AMzhen jun de shui dao fen bie she zhi wai yuan tian jia yi yang hua dan （Nitric oxide,NO）(0 mmol·L-1yu 0.1 mmol·L-1)yu shi dan (30 mg·L-1yu 80 mg·L-1)chu li ,pei yang zhi you xiao fen nie lin jie xie ling ji ,jin hang wen du （15℃±1.0℃yu 22℃±1.0℃）chu li ,chu li 7dhou qu yang ,tong guo ce ding dan dai xie guan jian mei huo xing 、fu an suan dai xie de wu yu guan jian ji yin biao da yi ji NOdai xie guan jian mei huo xing bian hua qing kuang ,tan jiu di wen xie pai xia AMgong sheng ti fu an suan dai xie te zheng ,NOzai AMzhen jun cu jin shui dao fu an suan ji lei guo cheng zhong de zuo yong ,yi ji bu tong gong dan shui ping xia AMzhen jun dui shui dao fu an suan dai xie de ying xiang ,yi ji tan ming AMzhen jun xiang ying di wen xie pai de fu an suan dai xie ji zhi 。zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :di wen xie pai yi zhi shui dao de sheng chang fa yo ,AMzhen jun cu jin le shui dao fu an suan de ji lei ,jin er di gao shui dao di wen kang xing 。di wen jiang di le shui dao zhu gao 、gen chang 、xian chong yu gan chong ,xian zhe yi zhi le shui dao de sheng chang ,AMzhen jun dui shui dao sheng chang ju you xian zhe ji ji zuo yong ,gen chang ji ben neng gou hui fu dao chang wen shui ping 。AMzhen jun de qin ran shi shui dao fu an suan han liang zeng jia 6.77%（P<0.05）,gu an suan yu diao an suan han liang fen bie jiang di 6.99%yu 9.42%,fu an suan dai xie guan jian ji yin OsP5CS1、OsP5CS2、OsOATyu OsProDHbiao da liang fen bie zeng jia le 22.39%、41.97%、21.91%yu 55.84%,jun da dao 5%xian zhe shui ping 。tong shi ,AMzhen jun zeng jiang dan dai xie guan jian mei huo xing ,ju shi shui dao yi yang hua dan ge mei （Nitric oxide synthase,NOS）huo xing yu NOnong du fen bie zeng jia 12.37%（P<0.05）yu 34.15%（P<0.05）。wai yuan tian jia NOcu jin jun gen gong sheng ti de xing cheng ,shi jun gen qin ran lv zai chang wen yu di wen tiao jian xia fen bie zeng jia le 25.93%（P<0.05）yu 29.17%（P<0.05）。wai yuan NOshi shui dao fu an suan han liang zeng jia le 3.70%-6.49%,fu an suan dai xie de wu gu an suan （Glutamate,Glu）han liang jiang di 36.00%（P<0.05）,dan dui diao an suan （Ornithine,Orn）han liang ying xiang jiao xiao 。tong shi ,yu dui zhao xiang bi ,wai yuan tian jia NOshi wei jie chong AMzhen jun de shui dao OsP5CS1、OsP5CS2、OsOATyu OsProDHji yin biao da liang fen bie zeng jia le 1.48bei （P<0.05）、1.14bei 、2.13bei （P<0.05）yu 1.32bei ,jie chong AMzhen jun de shui dao fen bie xian zhe zeng jia le 1.60bei 、1.58bei 、2.13bei yu 1.33bei 。zhe biao ming ,di wen tiao jian xia ,AMzhen jun zeng jiang shui dao fu an suan dai xie ,cu jin fu an suan ji lei ,huan jie di wen dui shui dao de wei hai 。zai zhe yi guo cheng zhong ,NOke yi zuo wei AMgong sheng ti xin hao fen zi ,tong guo huo hua fu an suan ge cheng de gu an suan yu diao an suan tu jing diao kong shui dao fu an suan dai xie guo cheng ,cu jin shui dao fu an suan ji lei 。di wen xie pai xia ,AMzhen jun dui shui dao fu an suan dai xie cu jin zuo yong yu gong dan shui ping mi qie xiang guan 。di wen tiao jian xia ,AMzhen jun cu jin shui dao de sheng chang fa yo ,di dan chu li shui dao de shang bu zeng chang （MSR）yu gen ji zeng chang （MRR）jiao gao dan chu li fen bie gao 89.87%（P<0.05）yu 51.49%,jun gen qin ran lv gao 45.36%（P<0.05）。yu wei jie chong AMzhen jun de shui dao xiang bi ,jie chong de shui dao de shang bu xiao suan hai yuan mei （Nitrate reductase,NR）huo xing 、gu an xian an ge cheng mei （Glutamine synthetase,GS）huo xing 、NOShuo xing yu NOnong du zai di dan shui ping xia fen bie gao 22.42%（P<0.05）、23.01%（P<0.05）、20.74%yu 25.26%（P<0.05）;zai gao dan shui ping xia fen bie gao 4.49%、9.27%、13.43%yu 6.46%（P<0.05）。AMzhen jun de qin ran shi shui dao fu an suan han liang zai di dan yu gao dan tiao jian xia fen bie zeng jia 14.61%（P<0.05）yu 9.91%,gu an suan han liang fen bie jiang di 16.63%（P<0.05）yu 6.49%。yin ci ,AMzhen jun zai di dan shui ping xia dui su zhu dan dai xie yu fu an suan dai xie de cu jin zuo yong geng xian zhe ,geng you li yu fu an suan de ji lei ,zeng jiang su zhu di wen kang xing 。zeng shang suo shu ,di wen yi zhi le shui dao de sheng chang ,AMzhen jun de qin ran cu jin shui dao fu an suan ji lei ,jin er di gao shui dao di wen kang xing ;zai zhe yi guo cheng zhong ,NOzuo wei xin hao fen zi ,tong guo diao kong fu an suan ge cheng de gu an suan yu diao an suan tu jing cu jin gong sheng ti fu an suan ji lei 。ci wai ,di wen tiao jian xia ,AMzhen jun dui shui dao de cu jin zuo yong yu gong dan shui ping mi qie xiang guan ,zai di dan tiao jian xia you wei xian zhe 。
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论文作者分别是来自东北农业大学的刘婷婷，发表于刊物东北农业大学2019-08-27论文，是一篇关于真菌论文,低温胁迫论文,水稻论文,脯氨酸论文,一氧化氮论文,东北农业大学2019-08-27论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自东北农业大学2019-08-27论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。