本文主要研究内容
作者李萧萧(2019)在《复羽叶栾树对Cd、Pb污染的修复潜力研究》一文中研究指出:复羽叶栾树(Koelreuteria bipinnate Franch.)为无患子科(Sapindaceae)栾树属(Koelreuteria)落叶乔木,生长速度快,适应性强,景观效果好,是优良的西南地区乡土树种。Cd、Pb的生物毒性强,污染范围广,根据《全国土壤污染状况调查公报》我国Cd、Pb的无机污染物点位超标率分别为7.0%、1.5%,主要来源于工矿污染和大气沉降,且以复合型污染为主。本研究通过土培(土壤浇灌和叶面喷施)和水培试验,浓度设计为:土壤Cd浓度1-50mg·kg-1,Pb浓度500-1000mg·kg-1;叶面喷施溶液Cd浓度5-20mg·L-1,Pb浓度50-200mg·L-1;水培溶液Cd浓度0.1-10mg·L-1,Pb浓度1-100mg·L-1;并分别设置对照,研究复羽叶栾树对单一和复合Cd、Pb污染的生理耐性和吸收富集能力,初步探究复羽叶栾树对Cd、Pb污染的修复潜力。主要研究结果如下:1复羽叶栾树对Cd污染的耐性和吸收富集特性土壤Cd浓度≤10 mg·kg-1时会促进复羽叶栾树生长;Cd浓度=50 mg·kg-1时对复羽叶栾树生长有抑制作用。随土壤Cd浓度的增加,叶片叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量先上升后下降,SOD活性和MDA含量上升。植株中Cd浓度随土壤Cd浓度的增加而增大,Cd浓度:根>叶>茎,最高为58.29 mg·kg-1。地上和地下部的Cd富集系数分别在0.11-0.43和0.99-4.27之间。当Cd=50 mg·kg-1时,全株Cd累积量最大,为0.749 mg·plant-1。当叶面喷施Cd浓度≥20 mg·L-1时,复羽叶栾树生长受到显著抑制。叶绿素含量和a/b值随Cd浓度的增加而降低;MDA含量上升。植株中Cd浓度随喷施浓度的增加而增加,Cd浓度:叶>茎>根,最高为16.93 mg·kg-1。水培条件下Cd污染对复羽叶栾树根系质子分泌有抑制作用;Cd对复羽叶栾树侧根发育的影响表现为低浓度促进,高浓度抑制。2复羽叶栾树对Pb污染的耐性和吸收富集特性土壤Pb浓度≥1000mg·kg-1对复羽叶栾树生长有显著抑制作用,表现为株高、生物量和根长受到抑制。随着土壤Pb浓度的增加,叶片叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量先增加后减少,SOD活性和MDA含量增加。植株内的Pb浓度随土壤Pb浓度的增加而增加,Pb浓度:根>茎>叶,最高为3367.76 mg·kg-1。地上和地下部的Pb富集系数分别在0.07-0.48和1.38-2.81之间。当Pb=2000 mg·kg-1时,全株的Pb累积量最大,为28.32 mg·plant-1。当叶面喷施Pb浓度≥100mg·L-1时,复羽叶栾树的生长受到显著抑制。叶片叶绿素含量和a/b值随Pb浓度的增加而降低,MDA含量上升。叶片内最大Pb浓度为139.33 mg·kg-1。水培条件下Pb污染对复羽叶栾树根系质子分泌有抑制作用,水溶液pH上升。3复羽叶栾树对Cd、Pb复合污染的耐性和吸收富集特性土壤Cd、Pb复合污染对复羽叶栾树生长的影响表现为低浓度促进(Cd≤1mg·kg-1,Pb≤500 mg·kg-1),高浓度抑制,Pb的影响大于Cd。Cd和Pb的交互作用对株高,根长、生物量有显著影响。叶片叶绿素、可溶性蛋白、MDA含量和SOD活性变化与单一污染下相似,但变化幅度较大。各器官内Cd浓度:根>叶>茎;Pb浓度:根>茎>叶,与单一污染下表现一致,植株中Cd、Pb的最高浓度分别为68.04 mg·kg-1、4585.1 mg·kg-1。复羽叶栾树对Cd的吸收和转运能力大于Pb;地上部的Cd、Pb富集系数分别在0.101-0.546和0.063-0.489之间;地下部的Cd、Pb富集系数分别在0.739-3.215和0.821-2.292之间。当土壤Cd=50 mg·kg-1,Pb=500mg·kg-1时,全株Cd累积量最大,为0.468 mg·plant-1;当土壤Cd=10 mg·kg-1,Pb=2000 mg·kg-1时,全株Pb累积量最大,为30.37mg·plant-1。叶面喷施Cd、Pb复合处理液对抑制复羽叶栾树生长有协同作用。植株中Cd、Pb浓度随喷施浓度的增加而增大,Cd、Pb主要累积在叶片中,Cd浓度:叶>茎>根,叶片中Cd的最高浓度为16.93 mg·kg-1,Pb的最高浓度为136.04 mg·kg-1。水培条件下,复合污染对根系质子分泌的抑制作用比单一污染时更强,Pb的抑制作用比Cd强。4修复潜力预估根据复羽叶栾树对Cd、Pb的吸收模型和生物量模型预估,在农用地土壤污染风险管控值(Cd=2 mg·kg-1,Pb=500 mg·kg-1)条件下,1棵复羽叶栾树生长13年,理论上可吸收Cd离子89.67mg。Pb离子10.70g。综上所述,复羽叶栾树对Cd、Pb具有较好耐性和吸收富集能力。可以应用于Cd、Pb污染的修复。
Abstract
fu yu xie luan shu (Koelreuteria bipinnate Franch.)wei mo huan zi ke (Sapindaceae)luan shu shu (Koelreuteria)la xie qiao mu ,sheng chang su du kuai ,kuo ying xing jiang ,jing guan xiao guo hao ,shi you liang de xi na de ou xiang tu shu chong 。Cd、Pbde sheng wu du xing jiang ,wu ran fan wei an ,gen ju 《quan guo tu rang wu ran zhuang kuang diao cha gong bao 》wo guo Cd、Pbde mo ji wu ran wu dian wei chao biao lv fen bie wei 7.0%、1.5%,zhu yao lai yuan yu gong kuang wu ran he da qi chen jiang ,ju yi fu ge xing wu ran wei zhu 。ben yan jiu tong guo tu pei (tu rang jiao guan he xie mian pen shi )he shui pei shi yan ,nong du she ji wei :tu rang Cdnong du 1-50mg·kg-1,Pbnong du 500-1000mg·kg-1;xie mian pen shi rong ye Cdnong du 5-20mg·L-1,Pbnong du 50-200mg·L-1;shui pei rong ye Cdnong du 0.1-10mg·L-1,Pbnong du 1-100mg·L-1;bing fen bie she zhi dui zhao ,yan jiu fu yu xie luan shu dui chan yi he fu ge Cd、Pbwu ran de sheng li nai xing he xi shou fu ji neng li ,chu bu tan jiu fu yu xie luan shu dui Cd、Pbwu ran de xiu fu qian li 。zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :1fu yu xie luan shu dui Cdwu ran de nai xing he xi shou fu ji te xing tu rang Cdnong du ≤10 mg·kg-1shi hui cu jin fu yu xie luan shu sheng chang ;Cdnong du =50 mg·kg-1shi dui fu yu xie luan shu sheng chang you yi zhi zuo yong 。sui tu rang Cdnong du de zeng jia ,xie pian xie lu su he ke rong xing dan bai han liang xian shang sheng hou xia jiang ,SODhuo xing he MDAhan liang shang sheng 。zhi zhu zhong Cdnong du sui tu rang Cdnong du de zeng jia er zeng da ,Cdnong du :gen >xie >jing ,zui gao wei 58.29 mg·kg-1。de shang he de xia bu de Cdfu ji ji shu fen bie zai 0.11-0.43he 0.99-4.27zhi jian 。dang Cd=50 mg·kg-1shi ,quan zhu Cdlei ji liang zui da ,wei 0.749 mg·plant-1。dang xie mian pen shi Cdnong du ≥20 mg·L-1shi ,fu yu xie luan shu sheng chang shou dao xian zhe yi zhi 。xie lu su han liang he a/bzhi sui Cdnong du de zeng jia er jiang di ;MDAhan liang shang sheng 。zhi zhu zhong Cdnong du sui pen shi nong du de zeng jia er zeng jia ,Cdnong du :xie >jing >gen ,zui gao wei 16.93 mg·kg-1。shui pei tiao jian xia Cdwu ran dui fu yu xie luan shu gen ji zhi zi fen bi you yi zhi zuo yong ;Cddui fu yu xie luan shu ce gen fa yo de ying xiang biao xian wei di nong du cu jin ,gao nong du yi zhi 。2fu yu xie luan shu dui Pbwu ran de nai xing he xi shou fu ji te xing tu rang Pbnong du ≥1000mg·kg-1dui fu yu xie luan shu sheng chang you xian zhe yi zhi zuo yong ,biao xian wei zhu gao 、sheng wu liang he gen chang shou dao yi zhi 。sui zhao tu rang Pbnong du de zeng jia ,xie pian xie lu su he ke rong xing dan bai han liang xian zeng jia hou jian shao ,SODhuo xing he MDAhan liang zeng jia 。zhi zhu nei de Pbnong du sui tu rang Pbnong du de zeng jia er zeng jia ,Pbnong du :gen >jing >xie ,zui gao wei 3367.76 mg·kg-1。de shang he de xia bu de Pbfu ji ji shu fen bie zai 0.07-0.48he 1.38-2.81zhi jian 。dang Pb=2000 mg·kg-1shi ,quan zhu de Pblei ji liang zui da ,wei 28.32 mg·plant-1。dang xie mian pen shi Pbnong du ≥100mg·L-1shi ,fu yu xie luan shu de sheng chang shou dao xian zhe yi zhi 。xie pian xie lu su han liang he a/bzhi sui Pbnong du de zeng jia er jiang di ,MDAhan liang shang sheng 。xie pian nei zui da Pbnong du wei 139.33 mg·kg-1。shui pei tiao jian xia Pbwu ran dui fu yu xie luan shu gen ji zhi zi fen bi you yi zhi zuo yong ,shui rong ye pHshang sheng 。3fu yu xie luan shu dui Cd、Pbfu ge wu ran de nai xing he xi shou fu ji te xing tu rang Cd、Pbfu ge wu ran dui fu yu xie luan shu sheng chang de ying xiang biao xian wei di nong du cu jin (Cd≤1mg·kg-1,Pb≤500 mg·kg-1),gao nong du yi zhi ,Pbde ying xiang da yu Cd。Cdhe Pbde jiao hu zuo yong dui zhu gao ,gen chang 、sheng wu liang you xian zhe ying xiang 。xie pian xie lu su 、ke rong xing dan bai 、MDAhan liang he SODhuo xing bian hua yu chan yi wu ran xia xiang shi ,dan bian hua fu du jiao da 。ge qi guan nei Cdnong du :gen >xie >jing ;Pbnong du :gen >jing >xie ,yu chan yi wu ran xia biao xian yi zhi ,zhi zhu zhong Cd、Pbde zui gao nong du fen bie wei 68.04 mg·kg-1、4585.1 mg·kg-1。fu yu xie luan shu dui Cdde xi shou he zhuai yun neng li da yu Pb;de shang bu de Cd、Pbfu ji ji shu fen bie zai 0.101-0.546he 0.063-0.489zhi jian ;de xia bu de Cd、Pbfu ji ji shu fen bie zai 0.739-3.215he 0.821-2.292zhi jian 。dang tu rang Cd=50 mg·kg-1,Pb=500mg·kg-1shi ,quan zhu Cdlei ji liang zui da ,wei 0.468 mg·plant-1;dang tu rang Cd=10 mg·kg-1,Pb=2000 mg·kg-1shi ,quan zhu Pblei ji liang zui da ,wei 30.37mg·plant-1。xie mian pen shi Cd、Pbfu ge chu li ye dui yi zhi fu yu xie luan shu sheng chang you xie tong zuo yong 。zhi zhu zhong Cd、Pbnong du sui pen shi nong du de zeng jia er zeng da ,Cd、Pbzhu yao lei ji zai xie pian zhong ,Cdnong du :xie >jing >gen ,xie pian zhong Cdde zui gao nong du wei 16.93 mg·kg-1,Pbde zui gao nong du wei 136.04 mg·kg-1。shui pei tiao jian xia ,fu ge wu ran dui gen ji zhi zi fen bi de yi zhi zuo yong bi chan yi wu ran shi geng jiang ,Pbde yi zhi zuo yong bi Cdjiang 。4xiu fu qian li yu gu gen ju fu yu xie luan shu dui Cd、Pbde xi shou mo xing he sheng wu liang mo xing yu gu ,zai nong yong de tu rang wu ran feng xian guan kong zhi (Cd=2 mg·kg-1,Pb=500 mg·kg-1)tiao jian xia ,1ke fu yu xie luan shu sheng chang 13nian ,li lun shang ke xi shou Cdli zi 89.67mg。Pbli zi 10.70g。zeng shang suo shu ,fu yu xie luan shu dui Cd、Pbju you jiao hao nai xing he xi shou fu ji neng li 。ke yi ying yong yu Cd、Pbwu ran de xiu fu 。
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论文作者分别是来自西南大学的李萧萧,发表于刊物西南大学2019-09-24论文,是一篇关于复羽叶栾树论文,植物修复论文,富集论文,西南大学2019-09-24论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自西南大学2019-09-24论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:复羽叶栾树论文; 植物修复论文; 富集论文; 西南大学2019-09-24论文;