本文主要研究内容
作者谢小燕（2019）在《中国野生菰种质资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析》一文中研究指出：菰(Zizania latifolia)是禾本科(Gramineae)菰属(Zizania)多年生水生草本植物,是菰属植物四类中最原始的种类,分布在东亚地区。菰属植物的其他三个种,如德克萨斯菰(Zizania texana)、水生菰(Zizania aquatica)和沼生菰(Zizania palustris),均分布在北美地区。据最新调查结果显示,我国是野生菰种质资源重要的分布区域之一,尤其在长江中下游和淮河流域的湖泊、沼泽和湿地分布量居多。菰基因组与水稻基因组之间存在高度共线性,具有极高的基因资源利用价值,愈发受到育种工作者的重视。由于野生菰基因存在自交退化、异交倾向、颖果易落粒、不易收集种子等现象,阻碍了对其遗传演变规律深层次的探索。因此,本文以华东地区野生菰样本材料为例,通过筛选出ISSR-PCR扩增产物的最优电泳检测方法,并将该标记及检测方法用于中国四大地区25个野生菰居群381份材料的遗传多样性分析,探索野生菰种群之间的遗传变异规律。主要研究结果如下:(1)最适电泳检测方法:比较2%琼脂糖和5%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳两种检测方法对华东地区野生菰遗传多样性结果的影响,结果表明聚丙烯酰胺法能较好地反映华东地区野生菰遗传多样性,而琼脂糖法因其分辨率低未能有效分离PCR产物,导致遗传多样性偏低。因此聚丙烯酰胺法优于琼脂糖凝胶方法。(2)遗传多态性分析:筛选出13条多态性高的ISSR引物,对中国25个野生菰居群381份材料的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,产物用5%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳进行检测。结果扩增出谱带244条,其中具有多态性的谱带218条,多态性位点百分率(PPB)高达89.34%。(3)遗传多样性分析:POPGENE 1.32软件分析结果显示,中国野生菰具有丰富的遗传多样性:Nei’s基因多样性指数(He=0.2222)、Shannon’s多样性信息指数(I=0.3518);居群间基因流(Nm=0.3799<1),说明遗传漂变是影响居群遗传结构的主要因子。居群间遗传分化(Gst=0.5682>0.25)水平很高,提示居群间变异略高于居群内部。(4)聚类关系分析:各居群间遗传相似性系数(Gs)和遗传距离(Gd)分别介于0.7349~0.9851和0.0150~0.3080;慈溪(CX)和杭州(HZ)遗传相似性系数最大(Gs=0.7329),遗传距离最小(Gd=0.3080),说明两者间的野生菰亲缘关系最近;北京(BJ)和韶关(SG)遗传相似性系数最小(Gs=0.9851),遗传距离最大(Gd=0.0150),说明两者间的野生菰亲缘关系最远;遗传距离与地理距离分析得出r=0.8429、p=0.001(p<0.01),说明野生菰居群间遗传距离与地理距离指标呈极显著正相关。(5)遗传结构分析:MEGA软件的系统发育分析与MVSP软件的主成分分析(PCA)显示,中国野生菰在遗传结构上由共同的祖先分化出两支,一支包括华东、中南、西南地区共20个居群(含大连居群),北方5个居群分属另一支。由于基因交流现象,野生菰居群间存在少量的遗传混杂,但仍存在较明显的分化。结论:ISSR标记的5%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法优于琼脂糖凝胶法;中国野生菰具有高水平的遗传多样性;居群间遗传距离与地理距离呈极显著正相关。
Abstract
gu (Zizania latifolia)shi he ben ke (Gramineae)gu shu (Zizania)duo nian sheng shui sheng cao ben zhi wu ,shi gu shu zhi wu si lei zhong zui yuan shi de chong lei ,fen bu zai dong ya de ou 。gu shu zhi wu de ji ta san ge chong ,ru de ke sa si gu (Zizania texana)、shui sheng gu (Zizania aquatica)he zhao sheng gu (Zizania palustris),jun fen bu zai bei mei de ou 。ju zui xin diao cha jie guo xian shi ,wo guo shi ye sheng gu chong zhi zi yuan chong yao de fen bu ou yu zhi yi ,you ji zai chang jiang zhong xia you he huai he liu yu de hu bo 、zhao ze he shi de fen bu liang ju duo 。gu ji yin zu yu shui dao ji yin zu zhi jian cun zai gao du gong xian xing ,ju you ji gao de ji yin zi yuan li yong jia zhi ,yu fa shou dao yo chong gong zuo zhe de chong shi 。you yu ye sheng gu ji yin cun zai zi jiao tui hua 、yi jiao qing xiang 、ying guo yi la li 、bu yi shou ji chong zi deng xian xiang ,zu ai le dui ji wei chuan yan bian gui lv shen ceng ci de tan suo 。yin ci ,ben wen yi hua dong de ou ye sheng gu yang ben cai liao wei li ,tong guo shai shua chu ISSR-PCRkuo zeng chan wu de zui you dian yong jian ce fang fa ,bing jiang gai biao ji ji jian ce fang fa yong yu zhong guo si da de ou 25ge ye sheng gu ju qun 381fen cai liao de wei chuan duo yang xing fen xi ,tan suo ye sheng gu chong qun zhi jian de wei chuan bian yi gui lv 。zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :(1)zui kuo dian yong jian ce fang fa :bi jiao 2%qiong zhi tang he 5%ju bing xi xian an ning jiao dian yong liang chong jian ce fang fa dui hua dong de ou ye sheng gu wei chuan duo yang xing jie guo de ying xiang ,jie guo biao ming ju bing xi xian an fa neng jiao hao de fan ying hua dong de ou ye sheng gu wei chuan duo yang xing ,er qiong zhi tang fa yin ji fen bian lv di wei neng you xiao fen li PCRchan wu ,dao zhi wei chuan duo yang xing pian di 。yin ci ju bing xi xian an fa you yu qiong zhi tang ning jiao fang fa 。(2)wei chuan duo tai xing fen xi :shai shua chu 13tiao duo tai xing gao de ISSRyin wu ,dui zhong guo 25ge ye sheng gu ju qun 381fen cai liao de ji yin zu DNAjin hang PCRkuo zeng ,chan wu yong 5%ju bing xi xian an ning jiao dian yong jin hang jian ce 。jie guo kuo zeng chu pu dai 244tiao ,ji zhong ju you duo tai xing de pu dai 218tiao ,duo tai xing wei dian bai fen lv (PPB)gao da 89.34%。(3)wei chuan duo yang xing fen xi :POPGENE 1.32ruan jian fen xi jie guo xian shi ,zhong guo ye sheng gu ju you feng fu de wei chuan duo yang xing :Nei’sji yin duo yang xing zhi shu (He=0.2222)、Shannon’sduo yang xing xin xi zhi shu (I=0.3518);ju qun jian ji yin liu (Nm=0.3799<1),shui ming wei chuan piao bian shi ying xiang ju qun wei chuan jie gou de zhu yao yin zi 。ju qun jian wei chuan fen hua (Gst=0.5682>0.25)shui ping hen gao ,di shi ju qun jian bian yi lve gao yu ju qun nei bu 。(4)ju lei guan ji fen xi :ge ju qun jian wei chuan xiang shi xing ji shu (Gs)he wei chuan ju li (Gd)fen bie jie yu 0.7349~0.9851he 0.0150~0.3080;ci xi (CX)he hang zhou (HZ)wei chuan xiang shi xing ji shu zui da (Gs=0.7329),wei chuan ju li zui xiao (Gd=0.3080),shui ming liang zhe jian de ye sheng gu qin yuan guan ji zui jin ;bei jing (BJ)he shao guan (SG)wei chuan xiang shi xing ji shu zui xiao (Gs=0.9851),wei chuan ju li zui da (Gd=0.0150),shui ming liang zhe jian de ye sheng gu qin yuan guan ji zui yuan ;wei chuan ju li yu de li ju li fen xi de chu r=0.8429、p=0.001(p<0.01),shui ming ye sheng gu ju qun jian wei chuan ju li yu de li ju li zhi biao cheng ji xian zhe zheng xiang guan 。(5)wei chuan jie gou fen xi :MEGAruan jian de ji tong fa yo fen xi yu MVSPruan jian de zhu cheng fen fen xi (PCA)xian shi ,zhong guo ye sheng gu zai wei chuan jie gou shang you gong tong de zu xian fen hua chu liang zhi ,yi zhi bao gua hua dong 、zhong na 、xi na de ou gong 20ge ju qun (han da lian ju qun ),bei fang 5ge ju qun fen shu ling yi zhi 。you yu ji yin jiao liu xian xiang ,ye sheng gu ju qun jian cun zai shao liang de wei chuan hun za ,dan reng cun zai jiao ming xian de fen hua 。jie lun :ISSRbiao ji de 5%ju bing xi xian an ning jiao dian yong fa you yu qiong zhi tang ning jiao fa ;zhong guo ye sheng gu ju you gao shui ping de wei chuan duo yang xing ;ju qun jian wei chuan ju li yu de li ju li cheng ji xian zhe zheng xiang guan 。
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论文作者分别是来自江西财经大学的谢小燕，发表于刊物江西财经大学2019-07-31论文，是一篇关于野生菰论文,标记论文,遗传多样性论文,电泳检测论文,江西财经大学2019-07-31论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自江西财经大学2019-07-31论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：野生菰论文; 标记论文; 遗传多样性论文; 电泳检测论文; 江西财经大学2019-07-31论文;