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作者李瑞鑫(2019)在《不同农艺措施对冀北坝上土壤溶解性机质组分特征的影响》一文中研究指出:溶解性有机质是土壤中重要的活性组分,其组分含量及结构特征能够敏感反映农事活动对农田土壤的影响。农艺措施是影响土壤理化生物性状及作物产量的关键农事活动,其对土壤溶解性有机质的影响是当今研究的热点方向,冀北坝上地区近年来土壤沙化、干旱是影响农业生产的关键问题。为建立冀北坝上地区培肥地力,节肥节水增产增效农艺措施技术体系,本论文通过对冀北坝上地区种植模式,有机肥用量以及肥水管理措施三种农事活动开展研究,利用荧光光谱、紫外光谱等技术手段分析土壤溶解性有机质组分特征进行分析,探讨不同农艺措施对溶解性有机质组分特征的影响。通过溶解性有机质分的影响机制,从而优化冀北坝上地区的农艺措施技术体系,研究结果如下:(1)通过冀北坝上地区不同种植模式下土壤DOM的研究,可见,各类型土壤三维荧光光谱图上均能分辨出类富里酸峰(峰A)、类蛋白质峰(峰B)、类腐植酸峰(峰C)和类络氨酸峰(峰D),土壤DOM的∑Fex/em值在14.8324.29,荧光峰A占比在17%21%之间,荧光峰B占比在5%12%之间,荧光峰C占比在50%80%之间,荧光峰D占比在6%-22%之间。总荧光峰强度大棚菜地和露地蔬菜田高于草地,马铃薯田、青贮玉米田和燕麦田低于草地;荧光峰A、荧光峰B和荧光峰D峰值燕麦地最高大棚蔬菜地最低,荧光峰C峰值大棚菜地最高马铃薯地最低。不同种植模式土壤DOC含量在71.58179.64 mg.kg-1之间,土壤DOP含量在0.8311.03 mg.kg-1之间。总体来看冀北坝上高水肥管理种植模式的农田土壤DOM中类腐植酸组分较高,腐殖化程度较高,芳香性较低,主要来源于陆源。为减少坝上地区土壤养分损失,培肥地力,增强土壤抗风蚀能力,应增施有机肥增加高肥水管理的种植模式。(2)通过不同有机肥用量对土壤DOM组分的影响研究,可见,随着有机肥用量的增加,土壤∑Fex/em的值呈上升趋势,峰A强度呈下降趋势,峰B强度值呈抛物线趋势,峰C强度呈上升趋势,峰D强度呈抛物线趋势。随着有机肥用量的增加土壤DOC和DOP含量呈上升趋势。根据荧光和紫外光谱参数可见,随着有机肥用量的增加土壤DOM类腐植酸组分呈上升趋势,类蛋白组分呈先升后降趋势,土壤DOM腐殖化程度呈增加趋势,自生源下降陆源增加,芳香性下降,土壤腐熟程度呈抛物线型变化。表明过量施用有机肥增加土壤大分子有机物,降低土壤供肥能力和微生物活性,因此冀北坝上地区应适量增施有机肥。(3)通过不同肥水条件对土壤DOM影响的研究,可见,随着水分的增加,土壤DOM的∑Fex/em呈增加趋势,随着有机肥用量的增加,土壤DOM∑Fex/em呈下降趋势,碳水耦合条件下,低碳高水土壤DOM∑Fex/em最高,高碳低水土壤DOM∑Fex/em最低。碳水耦合条件下,土壤DOP和DON含量高水高肥处理最高,低水低肥处理最低。随着培养时间的延长,土壤DOM∑Fex/em呈下降趋势,荧光峰A峰值呈下降后升趋势,荧光峰B峰值呈下升后降趋势,荧光峰C峰值呈波动式变化,荧光峰D峰值呈下降趋势。表明,土壤中有机碳和水分是影响土壤DOM含量及组分的两个重要因素,土壤有机碳是DOM的主要来源,土壤水分是土壤DOM迁移转化的关键因素。土壤中DOM在有机碳和水分的共同作用下由总有机碳向DOM转化,DOM由大分子组分向小分子组分转化,进一步被生物所利用,生物残体再转化为DOM的类蛋白组分。
Abstract
rong jie xing you ji zhi shi tu rang zhong chong yao de huo xing zu fen ,ji zu fen han liang ji jie gou te zheng neng gou min gan fan ying nong shi huo dong dui nong tian tu rang de ying xiang 。nong yi cuo shi shi ying xiang tu rang li hua sheng wu xing zhuang ji zuo wu chan liang de guan jian nong shi huo dong ,ji dui tu rang rong jie xing you ji zhi de ying xiang shi dang jin yan jiu de re dian fang xiang ,ji bei ba shang de ou jin nian lai tu rang sha hua 、gan han shi ying xiang nong ye sheng chan de guan jian wen ti 。wei jian li ji bei ba shang de ou pei fei de li ,jie fei jie shui zeng chan zeng xiao nong yi cuo shi ji shu ti ji ,ben lun wen tong guo dui ji bei ba shang de ou chong zhi mo shi ,you ji fei yong liang yi ji fei shui guan li cuo shi san chong nong shi huo dong kai zhan yan jiu ,li yong ying guang guang pu 、zi wai guang pu deng ji shu shou duan fen xi tu rang rong jie xing you ji zhi zu fen te zheng jin hang fen xi ,tan tao bu tong nong yi cuo shi dui rong jie xing you ji zhi zu fen te zheng de ying xiang 。tong guo rong jie xing you ji zhi fen de ying xiang ji zhi ,cong er you hua ji bei ba shang de ou de nong yi cuo shi ji shu ti ji ,yan jiu jie guo ru xia :(1)tong guo ji bei ba shang de ou bu tong chong zhi mo shi xia tu rang DOMde yan jiu ,ke jian ,ge lei xing tu rang san wei ying guang guang pu tu shang jun neng fen bian chu lei fu li suan feng (feng A)、lei dan bai zhi feng (feng B)、lei fu zhi suan feng (feng C)he lei lao an suan feng (feng D),tu rang DOMde ∑Fex/emzhi zai 14.8324.29,ying guang feng Azhan bi zai 17%21%zhi jian ,ying guang feng Bzhan bi zai 5%12%zhi jian ,ying guang feng Czhan bi zai 50%80%zhi jian ,ying guang feng Dzhan bi zai 6%-22%zhi jian 。zong ying guang feng jiang du da peng cai de he lou de shu cai tian gao yu cao de ,ma ling shu tian 、qing zhu yu mi tian he yan mai tian di yu cao de ;ying guang feng A、ying guang feng Bhe ying guang feng Dfeng zhi yan mai de zui gao da peng shu cai de zui di ,ying guang feng Cfeng zhi da peng cai de zui gao ma ling shu de zui di 。bu tong chong zhi mo shi tu rang DOChan liang zai 71.58179.64 mg.kg-1zhi jian ,tu rang DOPhan liang zai 0.8311.03 mg.kg-1zhi jian 。zong ti lai kan ji bei ba shang gao shui fei guan li chong zhi mo shi de nong tian tu rang DOMzhong lei fu zhi suan zu fen jiao gao ,fu shi hua cheng du jiao gao ,fang xiang xing jiao di ,zhu yao lai yuan yu liu yuan 。wei jian shao ba shang de ou tu rang yang fen sun shi ,pei fei de li ,zeng jiang tu rang kang feng shi neng li ,ying zeng shi you ji fei zeng jia gao fei shui guan li de chong zhi mo shi 。(2)tong guo bu tong you ji fei yong liang dui tu rang DOMzu fen de ying xiang yan jiu ,ke jian ,sui zhao you ji fei yong liang de zeng jia ,tu rang ∑Fex/emde zhi cheng shang sheng qu shi ,feng Ajiang du cheng xia jiang qu shi ,feng Bjiang du zhi cheng pao wu xian qu shi ,feng Cjiang du cheng shang sheng qu shi ,feng Djiang du cheng pao wu xian qu shi 。sui zhao you ji fei yong liang de zeng jia tu rang DOChe DOPhan liang cheng shang sheng qu shi 。gen ju ying guang he zi wai guang pu can shu ke jian ,sui zhao you ji fei yong liang de zeng jia tu rang DOMlei fu zhi suan zu fen cheng shang sheng qu shi ,lei dan bai zu fen cheng xian sheng hou jiang qu shi ,tu rang DOMfu shi hua cheng du cheng zeng jia qu shi ,zi sheng yuan xia jiang liu yuan zeng jia ,fang xiang xing xia jiang ,tu rang fu shou cheng du cheng pao wu xian xing bian hua 。biao ming guo liang shi yong you ji fei zeng jia tu rang da fen zi you ji wu ,jiang di tu rang gong fei neng li he wei sheng wu huo xing ,yin ci ji bei ba shang de ou ying kuo liang zeng shi you ji fei 。(3)tong guo bu tong fei shui tiao jian dui tu rang DOMying xiang de yan jiu ,ke jian ,sui zhao shui fen de zeng jia ,tu rang DOMde ∑Fex/emcheng zeng jia qu shi ,sui zhao you ji fei yong liang de zeng jia ,tu rang DOM∑Fex/emcheng xia jiang qu shi ,tan shui ou ge tiao jian xia ,di tan gao shui tu rang DOM∑Fex/emzui gao ,gao tan di shui tu rang DOM∑Fex/emzui di 。tan shui ou ge tiao jian xia ,tu rang DOPhe DONhan liang gao shui gao fei chu li zui gao ,di shui di fei chu li zui di 。sui zhao pei yang shi jian de yan chang ,tu rang DOM∑Fex/emcheng xia jiang qu shi ,ying guang feng Afeng zhi cheng xia jiang hou sheng qu shi ,ying guang feng Bfeng zhi cheng xia sheng hou jiang qu shi ,ying guang feng Cfeng zhi cheng bo dong shi bian hua ,ying guang feng Dfeng zhi cheng xia jiang qu shi 。biao ming ,tu rang zhong you ji tan he shui fen shi ying xiang tu rang DOMhan liang ji zu fen de liang ge chong yao yin su ,tu rang you ji tan shi DOMde zhu yao lai yuan ,tu rang shui fen shi tu rang DOMqian yi zhuai hua de guan jian yin su 。tu rang zhong DOMzai you ji tan he shui fen de gong tong zuo yong xia you zong you ji tan xiang DOMzhuai hua ,DOMyou da fen zi zu fen xiang xiao fen zi zu fen zhuai hua ,jin yi bu bei sheng wu suo li yong ,sheng wu can ti zai zhuai hua wei DOMde lei dan bai zu fen 。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自河北北方学院的李瑞鑫,发表于刊物河北北方学院2019-11-18论文,是一篇关于冀北坝上论文,种植模式论文,溶解性有机质论文,荧光光谱论文,紫外光谱论文,河北北方学院2019-11-18论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自河北北方学院2019-11-18论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:冀北坝上论文; 种植模式论文; 溶解性有机质论文; 荧光光谱论文; 紫外光谱论文; 河北北方学院2019-11-18论文;