本文主要研究内容
作者孟浩(2019)在《高性能CuAl-LDO/CNTs催化剂的构筑及其NH3-SCR脱硝行为研究》一文中研究指出:氨选择性催化还原(NH3-SCR)因其脱除效率高、气体处理量大、反应条件易于控制等优势成为当前国内外应用最为广泛的烟气脱硝技术。鉴于现阶段,该技术中成熟商业催化剂的活性温窗不能很好地匹配低温脱硝工况的需求。基于低温燃煤烟气治理和研究的现实意义,开发高效稳定、环境友好的低温NH3-SCR催化剂具有重要价值。Cu基氧化物凭借其环境友好、价格低廉和良好的氧化还原能力成为极具潜力的低温NH3-SCR脱硝催化剂。然其欠佳的分散性、稳定性及耐硫性成为制约其应用的关键。尽管经铜铝类水滑石(CuAl-LDHs)前驱体衍生制备的CuyAlOx复合金属氧化物活性中心更加分散,比传统浸渍法制备的CuO/γ-Al2O3具有更高的脱硝活性。然而在干燥和焙烧过程中,纳米尺度LDHs粒子受层板高表面能、层板间强氢键作用及Cu2+姜泰勒扭曲效应的影响,仍会发生层板的严重堆积,活性中心的暴露依然受到限制。由此,经铜铝类水滑石衍生制备CuyAlOx的脱硝活性及稳定性还是不够理想,抗H2O/SO2性能也未明显提升。本论文基于类水滑石(LDHs)和碳纳米管(CNTs)的优异结构及理化性能,通过碳纳米管缺陷位对类水滑石材料的诱导成核作用,组装制备CuAl-LDH/CNTs,经高温结构拓扑转变衍生构筑CNTs掺杂Cu基氧化物脱硝催化剂(CuAl-LDO/CNTs)。通过CNTs对类水滑石层板的有效阻隔实现Cu基活性中心的高度分散,借助CNTs的热还原性及疏水性特质完成Cu2O/CuO的协调构建及其耐硫性能强化,提升Cu基氧化物催化剂的脱硝性能。结合密度泛函(DFT)理论计算,深层次探究Cu2O、CuO之间的协同催化机制,为高性能Cu基氧化物SCR脱硝催化剂的结构设计、优化及应用提供理论基础。具体研究内容及主要结论如下:(1)考察CNTs和CuAl-LDH的组装方式(原位组装、搅拌组装、机械组装)对前驱体结构形貌及焙烧产物脱硝性能的影响。研究结果表明,三种组装方式制备的CuAl-LDH/CNTs均不同程度分散了CuAl-LDH。原位组装过程中,因CNTs的富电子缺陷位能够诱导CuAl-LDH在其表面原位成核,促使CNTs更好地发挥了空间阻隔作用,优势分散了CuAl-LDH,经该法制备的CuAl-LDH/CNTs(I)呈现出更为松散的堆积形态,具有更薄的片层结构。因此,CuAl-LDH/CNTs(I)经高温结构拓扑转变衍生构筑的CNTs掺杂Cu基氧化物脱硝催化剂(CuAl-LDO/CNTs(I))拥有了更好的Cu基活性组分分散性,进而优化了催化剂表面酸性和氧化还原能力,最终呈现了优异的低温NH3-SCR脱硝性能(180-300℃,NOx转化率大于80%,N2选择性大于90%)。(2)采用原位组装法制备一系列CuAl-LDO/CNTs-x脱硝催化剂,考察CNTs的掺杂量对催化剂表面结构、化学性质及脱硝性能的影响规律,揭示CNTs的引入对耐硫性能强化的作用机制。研究结果表明,调节碳纳米管掺杂量,可以优势调控CuOx价态分布,实现催化剂表面酸性及氧化还原能力的优化。以CuAl-LDO/CNTs-1.0(CNTs质量百分比21.48%)作为催化剂,在180-300℃范围内,NOx转化率可超过90%。此外,CNTs和CuAl-LDO之间的协同作用促进了硫酸铵盐在较低温度下的活化分解,使硫酸铵盐的生成与分解达到一个动态平衡,一定程度上避免了硫酸铵盐在催化剂表面的过量积累,实现了抗硫性能的明显提升。(3)通过密度泛函理论(DFT)计算,深层次揭示Cu2O/CuO对NH3-SCR的协同催化机制。计算结果表明,Cu2O、CuO活性位在反应过程中有良好的分工合作,CuO作为催化剂的主要活性中心,负责NH3和NO反应物的吸附及活化,Cu2O则作为吸附氧活性位,负责表面活性氧物种的快速生成。在Cu2O和CuO的协同作用下,通过表面活性氧物种的传递加快了反应中间体的生成,有利于快速完成催化反应循环。
Abstract
an shua ze xing cui hua hai yuan (NH3-SCR)yin ji tuo chu xiao lv gao 、qi ti chu li liang da 、fan ying tiao jian yi yu kong zhi deng you shi cheng wei dang qian guo nei wai ying yong zui wei an fan de yan qi tuo xiao ji shu 。jian yu xian jie duan ,gai ji shu zhong cheng shou shang ye cui hua ji de huo xing wen chuang bu neng hen hao de pi pei di wen tuo xiao gong kuang de xu qiu 。ji yu di wen ran mei yan qi zhi li he yan jiu de xian shi yi yi ,kai fa gao xiao wen ding 、huan jing you hao de di wen NH3-SCRcui hua ji ju you chong yao jia zhi 。Cuji yang hua wu ping jie ji huan jing you hao 、jia ge di lian he liang hao de yang hua hai yuan neng li cheng wei ji ju qian li de di wen NH3-SCRtuo xiao cui hua ji 。ran ji qian jia de fen san xing 、wen ding xing ji nai liu xing cheng wei zhi yao ji ying yong de guan jian 。jin guan jing tong lv lei shui hua dan (CuAl-LDHs)qian qu ti yan sheng zhi bei de CuyAlOxfu ge jin shu yang hua wu huo xing zhong xin geng jia fen san ,bi chuan tong jin zi fa zhi bei de CuO/γ-Al2O3ju you geng gao de tuo xiao huo xing 。ran er zai gan zao he bei shao guo cheng zhong ,na mi che du LDHsli zi shou ceng ban gao biao mian neng 、ceng ban jian jiang qing jian zuo yong ji Cu2+jiang tai le niu qu xiao ying de ying xiang ,reng hui fa sheng ceng ban de yan chong dui ji ,huo xing zhong xin de bao lou yi ran shou dao xian zhi 。you ci ,jing tong lv lei shui hua dan yan sheng zhi bei CuyAlOxde tuo xiao huo xing ji wen ding xing hai shi bu gou li xiang ,kang H2O/SO2xing neng ye wei ming xian di sheng 。ben lun wen ji yu lei shui hua dan (LDHs)he tan na mi guan (CNTs)de you yi jie gou ji li hua xing neng ,tong guo tan na mi guan que xian wei dui lei shui hua dan cai liao de you dao cheng he zuo yong ,zu zhuang zhi bei CuAl-LDH/CNTs,jing gao wen jie gou ta pu zhuai bian yan sheng gou zhu CNTscan za Cuji yang hua wu tuo xiao cui hua ji (CuAl-LDO/CNTs)。tong guo CNTsdui lei shui hua dan ceng ban de you xiao zu ge shi xian Cuji huo xing zhong xin de gao du fen san ,jie zhu CNTsde re hai yuan xing ji shu shui xing te zhi wan cheng Cu2O/CuOde xie diao gou jian ji ji nai liu xing neng jiang hua ,di sheng Cuji yang hua wu cui hua ji de tuo xiao xing neng 。jie ge mi du fan han (DFT)li lun ji suan ,shen ceng ci tan jiu Cu2O、CuOzhi jian de xie tong cui hua ji zhi ,wei gao xing neng Cuji yang hua wu SCRtuo xiao cui hua ji de jie gou she ji 、you hua ji ying yong di gong li lun ji chu 。ju ti yan jiu nei rong ji zhu yao jie lun ru xia :(1)kao cha CNTshe CuAl-LDHde zu zhuang fang shi (yuan wei zu zhuang 、jiao ban zu zhuang 、ji xie zu zhuang )dui qian qu ti jie gou xing mao ji bei shao chan wu tuo xiao xing neng de ying xiang 。yan jiu jie guo biao ming ,san chong zu zhuang fang shi zhi bei de CuAl-LDH/CNTsjun bu tong cheng du fen san le CuAl-LDH。yuan wei zu zhuang guo cheng zhong ,yin CNTsde fu dian zi que xian wei neng gou you dao CuAl-LDHzai ji biao mian yuan wei cheng he ,cu shi CNTsgeng hao de fa hui le kong jian zu ge zuo yong ,you shi fen san le CuAl-LDH,jing gai fa zhi bei de CuAl-LDH/CNTs(I)cheng xian chu geng wei song san de dui ji xing tai ,ju you geng bao de pian ceng jie gou 。yin ci ,CuAl-LDH/CNTs(I)jing gao wen jie gou ta pu zhuai bian yan sheng gou zhu de CNTscan za Cuji yang hua wu tuo xiao cui hua ji (CuAl-LDO/CNTs(I))yong you le geng hao de Cuji huo xing zu fen fen san xing ,jin er you hua le cui hua ji biao mian suan xing he yang hua hai yuan neng li ,zui zhong cheng xian le you yi de di wen NH3-SCRtuo xiao xing neng (180-300℃,NOxzhuai hua lv da yu 80%,N2shua ze xing da yu 90%)。(2)cai yong yuan wei zu zhuang fa zhi bei yi ji lie CuAl-LDO/CNTs-xtuo xiao cui hua ji ,kao cha CNTsde can za liang dui cui hua ji biao mian jie gou 、hua xue xing zhi ji tuo xiao xing neng de ying xiang gui lv ,jie shi CNTsde yin ru dui nai liu xing neng jiang hua de zuo yong ji zhi 。yan jiu jie guo biao ming ,diao jie tan na mi guan can za liang ,ke yi you shi diao kong CuOxjia tai fen bu ,shi xian cui hua ji biao mian suan xing ji yang hua hai yuan neng li de you hua 。yi CuAl-LDO/CNTs-1.0(CNTszhi liang bai fen bi 21.48%)zuo wei cui hua ji ,zai 180-300℃fan wei nei ,NOxzhuai hua lv ke chao guo 90%。ci wai ,CNTshe CuAl-LDOzhi jian de xie tong zuo yong cu jin le liu suan an yan zai jiao di wen du xia de huo hua fen jie ,shi liu suan an yan de sheng cheng yu fen jie da dao yi ge dong tai ping heng ,yi ding cheng du shang bi mian le liu suan an yan zai cui hua ji biao mian de guo liang ji lei ,shi xian le kang liu xing neng de ming xian di sheng 。(3)tong guo mi du fan han li lun (DFT)ji suan ,shen ceng ci jie shi Cu2O/CuOdui NH3-SCRde xie tong cui hua ji zhi 。ji suan jie guo biao ming ,Cu2O、CuOhuo xing wei zai fan ying guo cheng zhong you liang hao de fen gong ge zuo ,CuOzuo wei cui hua ji de zhu yao huo xing zhong xin ,fu ze NH3he NOfan ying wu de xi fu ji huo hua ,Cu2Oze zuo wei xi fu yang huo xing wei ,fu ze biao mian huo xing yang wu chong de kuai su sheng cheng 。zai Cu2Ohe CuOde xie tong zuo yong xia ,tong guo biao mian huo xing yang wu chong de chuan di jia kuai le fan ying zhong jian ti de sheng cheng ,you li yu kuai su wan cheng cui hua fan ying xun huan 。
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标签:治理论文; 铜铝类水滑石论文; 碳纳米管论文; 铜基复合氧化物论文; 协同催化论文; 太原理工大学2019-07-26论文;