本文主要研究内容
作者张楠(2019)在《聚酰亚胺纤维纸基高温烟气过滤材料的制备及性能研究》一文中研究指出:近年来,雾霾天气频繁袭击我国大部分地区,从2013年“雾霾”二字首次成为年度热词到2017年全国两会李克强总理亲自将“坚决打好蓝天保卫战”写入政府工作报告,雾霾已成为大家耳熟能详的名词。我们知道,引起雾霾的是空气中高浓度的微细颗粒物(PMs)。来自工业污染、煤炭燃烧、生物质燃烧、交通和垃圾焚烧的PMs通常都具有很高的温度。因此,研究开发出过滤性能优异的高温烟气过滤材料,直接将PMs从高温源中去除是解决和有效控制PMs污染和减少空气污染的一个关键措施。通过现代湿法造纸技术成形的纸基滤纸,因其独特的三维立体网状结构,是制备过滤材料的理想方法。因此,本课题选用耐高温性能优异的聚酰亚胺纤维(PI)为原料,采用湿法造纸技术探究了聚酰亚胺纤维纸基复合材料在高温烟气过滤领域中的应用潜力。主要研究内容如下:首先,探究了纸基滤料纤维原料的配比及纸张后处理工艺。结果表明,单从过滤性能来看,PI纤维和芳纶沉析纤维配抄的纸基材料性能最优。随着沉析纤维比例的减小,原纸的过滤效率从99.19%降低到55.19%,压力降从305 Pa降低到44.5 Pa,质量因子从0.0158 Pa-1增大到0.01804 Pa-1;冷压光和热压处理不适用于制备纸基过滤材料,因为无论冷压光还是热压处理,均能显著提高纸基材料的过滤效率(均在98%以上),但过滤压力降也随之急剧增大,甚至超过仪器测试范围(1000 Pa),从而导致纸基滤料较低的质量因子。因此,综合考虑滤料的力学性能和过滤性能,当PI纤维和沉析纤维的比例为7:3时,纸基材料的综合性能最优。此时,其质量因子为0.01712 Pa-1、过滤效率为58.95%、压力降为52 Pa。此时其拉伸强度为2.325MPa,断裂伸长率为3.189%。其次,为了获得过滤性能更加优异的纸基滤料,引入了预合成的金属框架化合物MIL-101(Cr),探究了MIL-101(Cr)的添加量与纸基滤料过滤性能的关系。结果表明,以溶剂热法合成的金属框架化合物MIL-101(Cr)呈墨绿色粉末,在扫描电镜下呈规则的正八面体结构,具有完善的结晶结构,很大的比表面积(可达3024 m2/g)以及优异的热稳定性(Td=380oC)。以现代湿法造纸技术制备MIL-101(Cr)/PI纤维纸基复合滤料,该复合材料对高温烟气具有优异的过滤性能。在室温下,当MIL-101(Cr)添加量为60%和70%时,过滤效率分别为99.03%和99.49%,压力降分别为70.5 Pa和87.5Pa,相对于原滤料变化不大,质量因子最高为0.0657 Pa-1,相对于原纸增长了283.76%;在260oC下,复合材料质量因子明显提高,最大为0.1402Pa-1,相对于原纸增长了558.22%。最后,为了改善MIL-101(Cr)在纸基滤料中的难分散、低留着问题,采用多巴胺预先浸渍涂覆PI纤维,以2β-环糊精/十六烷基三甲基溴铵(2β-CD/CTAB)为自组装剂,通过层层自组装法,将溶剂热法预合成的金属框架化合物NH2-MIL-101(Cr)组装到多巴胺活化的PI纤维表面,制备了PI@PDA@MOF纤维纸基滤料。过滤结果表明,利用NH2-MIL-101(Cr)纳米晶体修饰后的PI纤维制备的纸基过滤材料对高温烟气具有优异的过滤性能。常温下,PI@PDA@MOF纤维纸基滤料对PM0.3的过滤效率达到了97.77%(相对于原始纸基滤料提高了65.87%),压力降为73 Pa,质量因子达到0.0521 Pa-1(比原纸基滤料提高了204.68%);在260oC的高温下,PI@PDA@MOF纤维纸基滤料对PM0.3的过滤效率为93.05±1.27%,同时表现出较低的压降57.5 Pa以及较高的质量因子0.0464 Pa-1;相对于原始的纸基滤料,PI@PDA@MOF纤维纸基滤料对PMs则表现出更为广泛的粒径捕捉效率,即对PM10-0.3均有较高的去除效率(95%以上)。
Abstract
jin nian lai ,wu mai tian qi pin fan xi ji wo guo da bu fen de ou ,cong 2013nian “wu mai ”er zi shou ci cheng wei nian du re ci dao 2017nian quan guo liang hui li ke jiang zong li qin zi jiang “jian jue da hao lan tian bao wei zhan ”xie ru zheng fu gong zuo bao gao ,wu mai yi cheng wei da jia er shou neng xiang de ming ci 。wo men zhi dao ,yin qi wu mai de shi kong qi zhong gao nong du de wei xi ke li wu (PMs)。lai zi gong ye wu ran 、mei tan ran shao 、sheng wu zhi ran shao 、jiao tong he la ji fen shao de PMstong chang dou ju you hen gao de wen du 。yin ci ,yan jiu kai fa chu guo lv xing neng you yi de gao wen yan qi guo lv cai liao ,zhi jie jiang PMscong gao wen yuan zhong qu chu shi jie jue he you xiao kong zhi PMswu ran he jian shao kong qi wu ran de yi ge guan jian cuo shi 。tong guo xian dai shi fa zao zhi ji shu cheng xing de zhi ji lv zhi ,yin ji du te de san wei li ti wang zhuang jie gou ,shi zhi bei guo lv cai liao de li xiang fang fa 。yin ci ,ben ke ti shua yong nai gao wen xing neng you yi de ju xian ya an qian wei (PI)wei yuan liao ,cai yong shi fa zao zhi ji shu tan jiu le ju xian ya an qian wei zhi ji fu ge cai liao zai gao wen yan qi guo lv ling yu zhong de ying yong qian li 。zhu yao yan jiu nei rong ru xia :shou xian ,tan jiu le zhi ji lv liao qian wei yuan liao de pei bi ji zhi zhang hou chu li gong yi 。jie guo biao ming ,chan cong guo lv xing neng lai kan ,PIqian wei he fang guan chen xi qian wei pei chao de zhi ji cai liao xing neng zui you 。sui zhao chen xi qian wei bi li de jian xiao ,yuan zhi de guo lv xiao lv cong 99.19%jiang di dao 55.19%,ya li jiang cong 305 Pajiang di dao 44.5 Pa,zhi liang yin zi cong 0.0158 Pa-1zeng da dao 0.01804 Pa-1;leng ya guang he re ya chu li bu kuo yong yu zhi bei zhi ji guo lv cai liao ,yin wei mo lun leng ya guang hai shi re ya chu li ,jun neng xian zhe di gao zhi ji cai liao de guo lv xiao lv (jun zai 98%yi shang ),dan guo lv ya li jiang ye sui zhi ji ju zeng da ,shen zhi chao guo yi qi ce shi fan wei (1000 Pa),cong er dao zhi zhi ji lv liao jiao di de zhi liang yin zi 。yin ci ,zeng ge kao lv lv liao de li xue xing neng he guo lv xing neng ,dang PIqian wei he chen xi qian wei de bi li wei 7:3shi ,zhi ji cai liao de zeng ge xing neng zui you 。ci shi ,ji zhi liang yin zi wei 0.01712 Pa-1、guo lv xiao lv wei 58.95%、ya li jiang wei 52 Pa。ci shi ji la shen jiang du wei 2.325MPa,duan lie shen chang lv wei 3.189%。ji ci ,wei le huo de guo lv xing neng geng jia you yi de zhi ji lv liao ,yin ru le yu ge cheng de jin shu kuang jia hua ge wu MIL-101(Cr),tan jiu le MIL-101(Cr)de tian jia liang yu zhi ji lv liao guo lv xing neng de guan ji 。jie guo biao ming ,yi rong ji re fa ge cheng de jin shu kuang jia hua ge wu MIL-101(Cr)cheng mo lu se fen mo ,zai sao miao dian jing xia cheng gui ze de zheng ba mian ti jie gou ,ju you wan shan de jie jing jie gou ,hen da de bi biao mian ji (ke da 3024 m2/g)yi ji you yi de re wen ding xing (Td=380oC)。yi xian dai shi fa zao zhi ji shu zhi bei MIL-101(Cr)/PIqian wei zhi ji fu ge lv liao ,gai fu ge cai liao dui gao wen yan qi ju you you yi de guo lv xing neng 。zai shi wen xia ,dang MIL-101(Cr)tian jia liang wei 60%he 70%shi ,guo lv xiao lv fen bie wei 99.03%he 99.49%,ya li jiang fen bie wei 70.5 Pahe 87.5Pa,xiang dui yu yuan lv liao bian hua bu da ,zhi liang yin zi zui gao wei 0.0657 Pa-1,xiang dui yu yuan zhi zeng chang le 283.76%;zai 260oCxia ,fu ge cai liao zhi liang yin zi ming xian di gao ,zui da wei 0.1402Pa-1,xiang dui yu yuan zhi zeng chang le 558.22%。zui hou ,wei le gai shan MIL-101(Cr)zai zhi ji lv liao zhong de nan fen san 、di liu zhao wen ti ,cai yong duo ba an yu xian jin zi tu fu PIqian wei ,yi 2β-huan hu jing /shi liu wan ji san jia ji xiu an (2β-CD/CTAB)wei zi zu zhuang ji ,tong guo ceng ceng zi zu zhuang fa ,jiang rong ji re fa yu ge cheng de jin shu kuang jia hua ge wu NH2-MIL-101(Cr)zu zhuang dao duo ba an huo hua de PIqian wei biao mian ,zhi bei le PI@PDA@MOFqian wei zhi ji lv liao 。guo lv jie guo biao ming ,li yong NH2-MIL-101(Cr)na mi jing ti xiu shi hou de PIqian wei zhi bei de zhi ji guo lv cai liao dui gao wen yan qi ju you you yi de guo lv xing neng 。chang wen xia ,PI@PDA@MOFqian wei zhi ji lv liao dui PM0.3de guo lv xiao lv da dao le 97.77%(xiang dui yu yuan shi zhi ji lv liao di gao le 65.87%),ya li jiang wei 73 Pa,zhi liang yin zi da dao 0.0521 Pa-1(bi yuan zhi ji lv liao di gao le 204.68%);zai 260oCde gao wen xia ,PI@PDA@MOFqian wei zhi ji lv liao dui PM0.3de guo lv xiao lv wei 93.05±1.27%,tong shi biao xian chu jiao di de ya jiang 57.5 Payi ji jiao gao de zhi liang yin zi 0.0464 Pa-1;xiang dui yu yuan shi de zhi ji lv liao ,PI@PDA@MOFqian wei zhi ji lv liao dui PMsze biao xian chu geng wei an fan de li jing bu zhuo xiao lv ,ji dui PM10-0.3jun you jiao gao de qu chu xiao lv (95%yi shang )。
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论文作者分别是来自陕西科技大学的张楠,发表于刊物陕西科技大学2019-07-15论文,是一篇关于聚酰亚胺纤维论文,纸基过滤材料论文,过滤性能论文,陕西科技大学2019-07-15论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自陕西科技大学2019-07-15论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:聚酰亚胺纤维论文; 纸基过滤材料论文; 过滤性能论文; 陕西科技大学2019-07-15论文;