本文主要研究内容
作者曾新娟（2019）在《油水分离用多孔基材表面润湿性设计及调控研究》一文中研究指出：频繁的石油泄漏事故、急剧增加的工业含油废水以及大量排放的生活含油污水使得环境污染问题变得日益严重,如何高效地对种类繁多、体系复杂的油水混合物进行分离,获得可重新利用的纯水和高纯度油品是我国乃至世界范围的科学难题之一。通过调控材料表面结构和化学组成,使材料具有对水和油相反的润湿性,能让油水两相中的一相选择性地被滤除或者吸附,成为目前最受关注的油水处理技术之一。本文以仿生学为指导,通过对多孔基材的表面微观结构和化学组成进行设计和调控,制备了多种特殊润湿性材料,并且实现了多种油水混合物体系的高效分离。本论文的主要工作有:通过喷涂等操作将已工业化生产、廉价易得的热塑性丙烯酸树脂和疏水SiO2纳米粒子依次修饰在不锈钢滤网表面并进行加热处理,利用不饱和渗透作用引发热塑性丙烯酸树脂涂层浸润到无序的疏水SiO2纳米粒子涂层空隙中,最终固定疏水SiO2纳米粒子,成功制备出超疏水超亲油滤网。制备的超疏水超亲油滤网具有良好的机械稳定性、易修复性能以及储存稳定性,可分离多种分层油水混合物,分离效率高于99.0%,而且循环利用率高。由该滤网制成的集油器能实现水面浮油的快速高效连续收集,展现出优异的应用潜力和价值。为提高材料适应严苛的油水分离工作环境的能力,通过可交联型热固性酚醛树脂（TPR）和廉价易得的疏水SiO2纳米粒子成功制备出水接触角为156°,滚动角为2.5°,油接触角小于1°的超疏水超亲油不锈钢滤网（SiO2@TPR-SSM）。该SiO2@TPR-SSM不仅具有良好的机械稳定性,可耐暴力揉搓,还具有优异的耐热、耐沸水和耐化学腐蚀性能,可耐多种有机溶剂,强酸溶液,高浓度盐溶液192 h以上。该滤网可有效地分离多种分层油水混合物,分离效率高达99.0%,循环利用率高于200次,并且能高效地分离沸腾的含强酸、强碱、高盐的油水混合物,对苛刻的油水分离工作环境的适应性极强。针对复杂的重油-水-轻油三元混合物体系,采用巧妙的方法将绿色环保的生物原料PDA修饰在棉布织物上,获得硫醇官能化棉布,然后通过高效的光引发点击化学反应将疏水性的SMA和具有pH响应基团的十一碳烯酸接枝到硫醇官能化棉布上,制备pH响应可转换润湿性棉布。制备的棉布表面具有较好的循环响应能力,可在pH为7和13的溶液中可以灵活地实现超疏水性和超亲水性之间的切换。pH响应棉布的拉伸断裂强度强于原始棉布,而且在500次剥皮实验后,棉布仍具有出色的超疏水性。该pH响应型棉布不仅能高效地分离复杂的油-水-油三元混合物,并具有优异的自清洁性能,又能在水面或水下轻松去除油污,还能高效地实现重油和轻油的油水混合物的可控分离,适用范围非常广。受沙漠甲虫背部结构集水原理的启发,通过仿生设计了一种具有超亲水凸起的超亲水-超疏水复合润湿性表面。我们在基材上组装亲水性SiO2微粒,然后旋涂一层超疏水涂膜,通过控制涂膜厚度使亲水SiO2凸起暴露在表面,制备了具有超亲水凸起的超亲水-超疏水复合润湿性表面。系统地研究空气中和油中在具有超亲水凸起的超亲水-超疏水复合表面的水珠聚集运动行为,并提出了油中水珠在复合表面的聚集机理和模型,即在油中,亲水SiO2微粒与超疏水涂膜的相界面存在润湿性梯度差可以对附近的水珠产生较强的吸附作用,驱动水珠聚集在亲水SiO2微粒上。针对分离难度较大的乳化油水混合物体系,将具有超亲水凸起的超亲水-超疏水复合润湿性表面修饰在孔径为10μm不锈钢滤网表面,制备超亲水-超疏水复合润湿性滤网。将该滤网应用在乳化油包水的分离中,其表面的超亲水凸起能从油中捕获和收集微小水滴,将微、纳米尺寸的小水滴聚集成大液滴,被超疏水超亲油的滤网截留,而乳化油包水中的油则能通过滤网,实现乳化油包水的高效分离。比较超疏水不锈钢滤网和具有超亲水凸起的超亲水-超疏水复合润湿性不锈钢滤网对乳化油包水的分离效率,具有超亲水凸起的超亲水-超疏水复合润湿性不锈钢滤网分离乳化油包水后的油液纯度达到99.95%,其油中含水量比单纯超疏水不锈钢滤网分离的乳化油包水油液的含水量要低10-20倍。
Abstract
pin fan de dan you xie lou shi gu 、ji ju zeng jia de gong ye han you fei shui yi ji da liang pai fang de sheng huo han you wu shui shi de huan jing wu ran wen ti bian de ri yi yan chong ,ru he gao xiao de dui chong lei fan duo 、ti ji fu za de you shui hun ge wu jin hang fen li ,huo de ke chong xin li yong de chun shui he gao chun du you pin shi wo guo nai zhi shi jie fan wei de ke xue nan ti zhi yi 。tong guo diao kong cai liao biao mian jie gou he hua xue zu cheng ,shi cai liao ju you dui shui he you xiang fan de run shi xing ,neng rang you shui liang xiang zhong de yi xiang shua ze xing de bei lv chu huo zhe xi fu ,cheng wei mu qian zui shou guan zhu de you shui chu li ji shu zhi yi 。ben wen yi fang sheng xue wei zhi dao ,tong guo dui duo kong ji cai de biao mian wei guan jie gou he hua xue zu cheng jin hang she ji he diao kong ,zhi bei le duo chong te shu run shi xing cai liao ,bing ju shi xian le duo chong you shui hun ge wu ti ji de gao xiao fen li 。ben lun wen de zhu yao gong zuo you :tong guo pen tu deng cao zuo jiang yi gong ye hua sheng chan 、lian jia yi de de re su xing bing xi suan shu zhi he shu shui SiO2na mi li zi yi ci xiu shi zai bu xiu gang lv wang biao mian bing jin hang jia re chu li ,li yong bu bao he shen tou zuo yong yin fa re su xing bing xi suan shu zhi tu ceng jin run dao mo xu de shu shui SiO2na mi li zi tu ceng kong xi zhong ,zui zhong gu ding shu shui SiO2na mi li zi ,cheng gong zhi bei chu chao shu shui chao qin you lv wang 。zhi bei de chao shu shui chao qin you lv wang ju you liang hao de ji xie wen ding xing 、yi xiu fu xing neng yi ji chu cun wen ding xing ,ke fen li duo chong fen ceng you shui hun ge wu ,fen li xiao lv gao yu 99.0%,er ju xun huan li yong lv gao 。you gai lv wang zhi cheng de ji you qi neng shi xian shui mian fu you de kuai su gao xiao lian xu shou ji ,zhan xian chu you yi de ying yong qian li he jia zhi 。wei di gao cai liao kuo ying yan ke de you shui fen li gong zuo huan jing de neng li ,tong guo ke jiao lian xing re gu xing fen quan shu zhi （TPR）he lian jia yi de de shu shui SiO2na mi li zi cheng gong zhi bei chu shui jie chu jiao wei 156°,gun dong jiao wei 2.5°,you jie chu jiao xiao yu 1°de chao shu shui chao qin you bu xiu gang lv wang （SiO2@TPR-SSM）。gai SiO2@TPR-SSMbu jin ju you liang hao de ji xie wen ding xing ,ke nai bao li rou cuo ,hai ju you you yi de nai re 、nai fei shui he nai hua xue fu shi xing neng ,ke nai duo chong you ji rong ji ,jiang suan rong ye ,gao nong du yan rong ye 192 hyi shang 。gai lv wang ke you xiao de fen li duo chong fen ceng you shui hun ge wu ,fen li xiao lv gao da 99.0%,xun huan li yong lv gao yu 200ci ,bing ju neng gao xiao de fen li fei teng de han jiang suan 、jiang jian 、gao yan de you shui hun ge wu ,dui ke ke de you shui fen li gong zuo huan jing de kuo ying xing ji jiang 。zhen dui fu za de chong you -shui -qing you san yuan hun ge wu ti ji ,cai yong qiao miao de fang fa jiang lu se huan bao de sheng wu yuan liao PDAxiu shi zai mian bu zhi wu shang ,huo de liu chun guan neng hua mian bu ,ran hou tong guo gao xiao de guang yin fa dian ji hua xue fan ying jiang shu shui xing de SMAhe ju you pHxiang ying ji tuan de shi yi tan xi suan jie zhi dao liu chun guan neng hua mian bu shang ,zhi bei pHxiang ying ke zhuai huan run shi xing mian bu 。zhi bei de mian bu biao mian ju you jiao hao de xun huan xiang ying neng li ,ke zai pHwei 7he 13de rong ye zhong ke yi ling huo de shi xian chao shu shui xing he chao qin shui xing zhi jian de qie huan 。pHxiang ying mian bu de la shen duan lie jiang du jiang yu yuan shi mian bu ,er ju zai 500ci bao pi shi yan hou ,mian bu reng ju you chu se de chao shu shui xing 。gai pHxiang ying xing mian bu bu jin neng gao xiao de fen li fu za de you -shui -you san yuan hun ge wu ,bing ju you you yi de zi qing jie xing neng ,you neng zai shui mian huo shui xia qing song qu chu you wu ,hai neng gao xiao de shi xian chong you he qing you de you shui hun ge wu de ke kong fen li ,kuo yong fan wei fei chang an 。shou sha mo jia chong bei bu jie gou ji shui yuan li de qi fa ,tong guo fang sheng she ji le yi chong ju you chao qin shui tu qi de chao qin shui -chao shu shui fu ge run shi xing biao mian 。wo men zai ji cai shang zu zhuang qin shui xing SiO2wei li ,ran hou xuan tu yi ceng chao shu shui tu mo ,tong guo kong zhi tu mo hou du shi qin shui SiO2tu qi bao lou zai biao mian ,zhi bei le ju you chao qin shui tu qi de chao qin shui -chao shu shui fu ge run shi xing biao mian 。ji tong de yan jiu kong qi zhong he you zhong zai ju you chao qin shui tu qi de chao qin shui -chao shu shui fu ge biao mian de shui zhu ju ji yun dong hang wei ,bing di chu le you zhong shui zhu zai fu ge biao mian de ju ji ji li he mo xing ,ji zai you zhong ,qin shui SiO2wei li yu chao shu shui tu mo de xiang jie mian cun zai run shi xing ti du cha ke yi dui fu jin de shui zhu chan sheng jiao jiang de xi fu zuo yong ,qu dong shui zhu ju ji zai qin shui SiO2wei li shang 。zhen dui fen li nan du jiao da de ru hua you shui hun ge wu ti ji ,jiang ju you chao qin shui tu qi de chao qin shui -chao shu shui fu ge run shi xing biao mian xiu shi zai kong jing wei 10μmbu xiu gang lv wang biao mian ,zhi bei chao qin shui -chao shu shui fu ge run shi xing lv wang 。jiang gai lv wang ying yong zai ru hua you bao shui de fen li zhong ,ji biao mian de chao qin shui tu qi neng cong you zhong bu huo he shou ji wei xiao shui di ,jiang wei 、na mi che cun de xiao shui di ju ji cheng da ye di ,bei chao shu shui chao qin you de lv wang jie liu ,er ru hua you bao shui zhong de you ze neng tong guo lv wang ,shi xian ru hua you bao shui de gao xiao fen li 。bi jiao chao shu shui bu xiu gang lv wang he ju you chao qin shui tu qi de chao qin shui -chao shu shui fu ge run shi xing bu xiu gang lv wang dui ru hua you bao shui de fen li xiao lv ,ju you chao qin shui tu qi de chao qin shui -chao shu shui fu ge run shi xing bu xiu gang lv wang fen li ru hua you bao shui hou de you ye chun du da dao 99.95%,ji you zhong han shui liang bi chan chun chao shu shui bu xiu gang lv wang fen li de ru hua you bao shui you ye de han shui liang yao di 10-20bei 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自华南理工大学的曾新娟，发表于刊物华南理工大学2019-10-23论文，是一篇关于超疏水论文,表面改性论文,破乳机理论文,油水分离论文,华南理工大学2019-10-23论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自华南理工大学2019-10-23论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：超疏水论文; 表面改性论文; 破乳机理论文; 油水分离论文; 华南理工大学2019-10-23论文;