本文主要研究内容
作者张冰寒（2019）在《大豆胶用脱脂豆粉的改性、应用与作用机制》一文中研究指出：近年来,随着人们环保意识的日益增强以及不可再生石化资源的不断消耗,利用可再生的生物质原料研发高品质环保胶黏剂成为当前木材工业的一个热点。资源丰富又可再生的大豆蛋白是制备生物质绿色胶黏剂的理想资源。针对现行市场使用大豆胶黏剂存在耐水性不理想、成本高的问题,本论文开展了以下四方面的研究:1)以大豆分离蛋白为原料,构建并优化一种Ⅰ类胶合板用大豆分离蛋白胶黏剂,揭示其耐水性和胶合强度改善机制,为后续以脱脂豆粉为原料制备I类胶合板用脱脂豆粉基胶黏剂提供前期理论基础;2)以脱脂豆粉为主要原料,通过热处理和热化学改性改善脱脂豆粉胶黏剂的胶接耐水性,使其满足Ⅰ类胶合板用胶黏剂要求,并揭示热处理和热化学改性对胶黏剂性能的改善机制;3)通过无机填料的增量改性,改善所优化热化学改性脱脂豆粉胶黏剂的胶合性能和工艺使用性,并降低成本,揭示无机填料增量改性对胶黏剂性能的改善机制;4)填料增量热化学改性脱脂豆粉胶黏剂的应用技术研究与工艺优化。通过研究得到如下结论:1)运用液化大豆分离蛋白和热处理大豆分离蛋白,结合交联剂EMPA的交联改性,构建了一种达到Ⅰ类胶合板用大豆分离蛋白胶黏剂配方。通过亚硫酸钠、尿素、十二烷基硫酸钠和氢氧化钠存在下的复合液化技术,获得一种高固含量、低黏度的大豆分离蛋白溶液,将之与交联改性剂EMPA和热处理大豆分离蛋白粉混合调制大豆分离蛋白胶黏剂,赋予胶黏剂良好的工艺使用性;通过热处理能够使蛋白质的亚基解离,展开蛋白质分子的空间结构,释放被包埋的活性基团,进而促使蛋白质发生重排与再聚集,既提高了大豆分离蛋白本身的耐水性又提高了它的交联活性,最终赋予所构建大豆分离蛋白胶黏剂优异的胶合性能;大豆分离蛋白最佳的热处理温度为120℃、最佳的热处理时间为30min,最佳的Ⅰ类胶合板用大豆分离蛋白胶黏剂配方为:液化大豆分离蛋白、热处理大豆分离蛋白与交联剂EMPA溶液的质量比为5:5:3,其煮-干-煮强度达到1.08MPa。2)改性助剂的种类和用量对热化学改性大豆分离蛋白胶黏剂的胶合性能有着重要影响,由1%十二烷基硫酸钠与1%亚硫酸钠复配助剂的改性效果最佳,由此所制备热化学改性大豆分离蛋白胶黏剂的28h煮-干-煮强度达到1.22MPa。在十二烷基硫酸钠和亚硫酸钠存在下的热化学改性处理,能够有效打开大豆分离蛋白的球形结构,释放活性基团,有利于促进热化学改性大豆分离蛋白与交联剂的交联,同时热化学改性过程中大豆分离蛋白分子链之间出现适当的自交联使得大豆分离蛋白本身耐水性提高,从而有效的提高大豆分离蛋白胶黏剂的胶接耐水性;热化学改性对大豆分离蛋白胶黏剂胶合性能的改善效果由蛋白质-蛋白质之间的自交联反应及蛋白质-EMPA之间的交联反应共同决定,但是大豆分离蛋白-交联剂之间的交联反应对胶接耐水性的贡献要大于大豆分离蛋白-大豆分离蛋白之间自交联产生的贡献。3)对脱脂豆粉进行热处理改性,可以破坏大豆蛋白的亚基并展开其球形结构,释放部分被包埋活性基团,有利于蛋白质之间的自交联、蛋白质-碳水化合物之间的美拉德反应以及蛋白质与交联剂EMPA之间的交联反应,最终使得胶黏剂体系中形成三维网状结构,增加胶黏剂的耐水性。热处理温度对脱脂豆粉胶黏剂胶合性能和耐水性的影响大于热处理时间,最适宜的脱脂豆粉热处理改性条件为:热处理温度80℃、热处理时间30min,所制备的热处理改性脱脂豆粉胶黏剂可耐受28h煮-干-煮加速老化测试,煮-干-煮强度达到0.85MPa。4)热化学改性助剂的种类和用量、热化学改性温度和热化学改性时间对热化学改性脱脂豆粉胶黏剂的胶合强度和耐水性有着重要影响。在十二烷基硫酸钠存在下对脱脂豆粉进行热化学改性,可更为有效破坏大豆蛋白的球形结构,释放更多活性基团,并抑制伸展后大豆蛋白之间过度自交联反应,从而促进大豆蛋白-碳水化合物之间的美拉德反应及大豆蛋白-交联剂EMPA之间的交联反应,使得脱脂豆粉胶黏剂体形成更为紧凑的网络结构,部分可溶性糖类也通过美拉德反应转化为不溶性产物,从而以有效增加其胶接耐水性。最为适宜的热化学改性助剂为十二烷基硫酸钠,最适宜的热化学改性工艺为2.5%十二烷基硫酸钠存在下于140℃下保持30min;所调制的热化学改性脱脂豆粉胶黏剂的28h煮-干-煮强度达到1.21MPa,实现利用脱脂豆粉制备I类胶合板用大豆蛋白胶黏剂。5)使用适量无机填料对脱脂豆粉胶黏剂进行增量改性,不仅能够降低大豆蛋白胶黏剂的成本,还能够提高其胶合性能和工艺使用性能。无机填料的种类和用量对脱脂豆粉胶黏剂的胶合性能、工艺使用性能和成本有着重要影响,其中以蒙脱土制备的无机填料WSP最佳,其价格最低,能产生最佳的胶接耐水性能改善和中等工艺使用性能改善。无机填料WSP对热化学改性脱脂豆粉胶黏剂耐水性的增强机制主要归因于脱脂豆粉胶黏剂的活性分子能与WSP中蒙脱土的硅酸盐片层通过吸附作用、氢键作用、静电作用以及化学键结合,形成有机-无机杂化的新型复合结构。调制I类胶合板用大豆胶黏剂时,WSP的添加量以20%为宜,其28h煮-干-煮强度达到1.37MPa,在改善胶接耐水性的同时可降低胶黏剂成本7.05%。6)研究了脱脂豆粉种类、EMPA固含量、混合粉用量、施胶量、陈化时间、热压时间、热压温度及热压压力8个主要调胶工艺因子和热压工艺因子对所优化WSP增量热化学改性脱脂豆粉胶黏剂胶合性能的影响规律,优化出满足I类胶合板耐水性能要求的、最经济有效的调胶技术:100份固含量9wt%的EMPA溶液+40份复合豆粕粉(80wt%的热化学改性低温豆粕粉和20wt%填料WSP),在室温下搅拌形成大豆胶黏剂;优化出最佳的胶合板热压技术:施胶量340g/m2,涂胶后随即组胚并闭口陈化30min后,在120℃和热压压力1.40MPa下热压4.5min。相关应用技术研究结果为所优化的WSP增量热化学改性脱脂豆粉胶黏剂在木材工业中的推广应用提供技术指导。
Abstract
jin nian lai ,sui zhao ren men huan bao yi shi de ri yi zeng jiang yi ji bu ke zai sheng dan hua zi yuan de bu duan xiao hao ,li yong ke zai sheng de sheng wu zhi yuan liao yan fa gao pin zhi huan bao jiao nian ji cheng wei dang qian mu cai gong ye de yi ge re dian 。zi yuan feng fu you ke zai sheng de da dou dan bai shi zhi bei sheng wu zhi lu se jiao nian ji de li xiang zi yuan 。zhen dui xian hang shi chang shi yong da dou jiao nian ji cun zai nai shui xing bu li xiang 、cheng ben gao de wen ti ,ben lun wen kai zhan le yi xia si fang mian de yan jiu :1)yi da dou fen li dan bai wei yuan liao ,gou jian bing you hua yi chong Ⅰlei jiao ge ban yong da dou fen li dan bai jiao nian ji ,jie shi ji nai shui xing he jiao ge jiang du gai shan ji zhi ,wei hou xu yi tuo zhi dou fen wei yuan liao zhi bei Ilei jiao ge ban yong tuo zhi dou fen ji jiao nian ji di gong qian ji li lun ji chu ;2)yi tuo zhi dou fen wei zhu yao yuan liao ,tong guo re chu li he re hua xue gai xing gai shan tuo zhi dou fen jiao nian ji de jiao jie nai shui xing ,shi ji man zu Ⅰlei jiao ge ban yong jiao nian ji yao qiu ,bing jie shi re chu li he re hua xue gai xing dui jiao nian ji xing neng de gai shan ji zhi ;3)tong guo mo ji tian liao de zeng liang gai xing ,gai shan suo you hua re hua xue gai xing tuo zhi dou fen jiao nian ji de jiao ge xing neng he gong yi shi yong xing ,bing jiang di cheng ben ,jie shi mo ji tian liao zeng liang gai xing dui jiao nian ji xing neng de gai shan ji zhi ;4)tian liao zeng liang re hua xue gai xing tuo zhi dou fen jiao nian ji de ying yong ji shu yan jiu yu gong yi you hua 。tong guo yan jiu de dao ru xia jie lun :1)yun yong ye hua da dou fen li dan bai he re chu li da dou fen li dan bai ,jie ge jiao lian ji EMPAde jiao lian gai xing ,gou jian le yi chong da dao Ⅰlei jiao ge ban yong da dou fen li dan bai jiao nian ji pei fang 。tong guo ya liu suan na 、niao su 、shi er wan ji liu suan na he qing yang hua na cun zai xia de fu ge ye hua ji shu ,huo de yi chong gao gu han liang 、di nian du de da dou fen li dan bai rong ye ,jiang zhi yu jiao lian gai xing ji EMPAhe re chu li da dou fen li dan bai fen hun ge diao zhi da dou fen li dan bai jiao nian ji ,fu yu jiao nian ji liang hao de gong yi shi yong xing ;tong guo re chu li neng gou shi dan bai zhi de ya ji jie li ,zhan kai dan bai zhi fen zi de kong jian jie gou ,shi fang bei bao mai de huo xing ji tuan ,jin er cu shi dan bai zhi fa sheng chong pai yu zai ju ji ,ji di gao le da dou fen li dan bai ben shen de nai shui xing you di gao le ta de jiao lian huo xing ,zui zhong fu yu suo gou jian da dou fen li dan bai jiao nian ji you yi de jiao ge xing neng ;da dou fen li dan bai zui jia de re chu li wen du wei 120℃、zui jia de re chu li shi jian wei 30min,zui jia de Ⅰlei jiao ge ban yong da dou fen li dan bai jiao nian ji pei fang wei :ye hua da dou fen li dan bai 、re chu li da dou fen li dan bai yu jiao lian ji EMPArong ye de zhi liang bi wei 5:5:3,ji zhu -gan -zhu jiang du da dao 1.08MPa。2)gai xing zhu ji de chong lei he yong liang dui re hua xue gai xing da dou fen li dan bai jiao nian ji de jiao ge xing neng you zhao chong yao ying xiang ,you 1%shi er wan ji liu suan na yu 1%ya liu suan na fu pei zhu ji de gai xing xiao guo zui jia ,you ci suo zhi bei re hua xue gai xing da dou fen li dan bai jiao nian ji de 28hzhu -gan -zhu jiang du da dao 1.22MPa。zai shi er wan ji liu suan na he ya liu suan na cun zai xia de re hua xue gai xing chu li ,neng gou you xiao da kai da dou fen li dan bai de qiu xing jie gou ,shi fang huo xing ji tuan ,you li yu cu jin re hua xue gai xing da dou fen li dan bai yu jiao lian ji de jiao lian ,tong shi re hua xue gai xing guo cheng zhong da dou fen li dan bai fen zi lian zhi jian chu xian kuo dang de zi jiao lian shi de da dou fen li dan bai ben shen nai shui xing di gao ,cong er you xiao de di gao da dou fen li dan bai jiao nian ji de jiao jie nai shui xing ;re hua xue gai xing dui da dou fen li dan bai jiao nian ji jiao ge xing neng de gai shan xiao guo you dan bai zhi -dan bai zhi zhi jian de zi jiao lian fan ying ji dan bai zhi -EMPAzhi jian de jiao lian fan ying gong tong jue ding ,dan shi da dou fen li dan bai -jiao lian ji zhi jian de jiao lian fan ying dui jiao jie nai shui xing de gong suo yao da yu da dou fen li dan bai -da dou fen li dan bai zhi jian zi jiao lian chan sheng de gong suo 。3)dui tuo zhi dou fen jin hang re chu li gai xing ,ke yi po huai da dou dan bai de ya ji bing zhan kai ji qiu xing jie gou ,shi fang bu fen bei bao mai huo xing ji tuan ,you li yu dan bai zhi zhi jian de zi jiao lian 、dan bai zhi -tan shui hua ge wu zhi jian de mei la de fan ying yi ji dan bai zhi yu jiao lian ji EMPAzhi jian de jiao lian fan ying ,zui zhong shi de jiao nian ji ti ji zhong xing cheng san wei wang zhuang jie gou ,zeng jia jiao nian ji de nai shui xing 。re chu li wen du dui tuo zhi dou fen jiao nian ji jiao ge xing neng he nai shui xing de ying xiang da yu re chu li shi jian ,zui kuo yi de tuo zhi dou fen re chu li gai xing tiao jian wei :re chu li wen du 80℃、re chu li shi jian 30min,suo zhi bei de re chu li gai xing tuo zhi dou fen jiao nian ji ke nai shou 28hzhu -gan -zhu jia su lao hua ce shi ,zhu -gan -zhu jiang du da dao 0.85MPa。4)re hua xue gai xing zhu ji de chong lei he yong liang 、re hua xue gai xing wen du he re hua xue gai xing shi jian dui re hua xue gai xing tuo zhi dou fen jiao nian ji de jiao ge jiang du he nai shui xing you zhao chong yao ying xiang 。zai shi er wan ji liu suan na cun zai xia dui tuo zhi dou fen jin hang re hua xue gai xing ,ke geng wei you xiao po huai da dou dan bai de qiu xing jie gou ,shi fang geng duo huo xing ji tuan ,bing yi zhi shen zhan hou da dou dan bai zhi jian guo du zi jiao lian fan ying ,cong er cu jin da dou dan bai -tan shui hua ge wu zhi jian de mei la de fan ying ji da dou dan bai -jiao lian ji EMPAzhi jian de jiao lian fan ying ,shi de tuo zhi dou fen jiao nian ji ti xing cheng geng wei jin cou de wang lao jie gou ,bu fen ke rong xing tang lei ye tong guo mei la de fan ying zhuai hua wei bu rong xing chan wu ,cong er yi you xiao zeng jia ji jiao jie nai shui xing 。zui wei kuo yi de re hua xue gai xing zhu ji wei shi er wan ji liu suan na ,zui kuo yi de re hua xue gai xing gong yi wei 2.5%shi er wan ji liu suan na cun zai xia yu 140℃xia bao chi 30min;suo diao zhi de re hua xue gai xing tuo zhi dou fen jiao nian ji de 28hzhu -gan -zhu jiang du da dao 1.21MPa,shi xian li yong tuo zhi dou fen zhi bei Ilei jiao ge ban yong da dou dan bai jiao nian ji 。5)shi yong kuo liang mo ji tian liao dui tuo zhi dou fen jiao nian ji jin hang zeng liang gai xing ,bu jin neng gou jiang di da dou dan bai jiao nian ji de cheng ben ,hai neng gou di gao ji jiao ge xing neng he gong yi shi yong xing neng 。mo ji tian liao de chong lei he yong liang dui tuo zhi dou fen jiao nian ji de jiao ge xing neng 、gong yi shi yong xing neng he cheng ben you zhao chong yao ying xiang ,ji zhong yi meng tuo tu zhi bei de mo ji tian liao WSPzui jia ,ji jia ge zui di ,neng chan sheng zui jia de jiao jie nai shui xing neng gai shan he zhong deng gong yi shi yong xing neng gai shan 。mo ji tian liao WSPdui re hua xue gai xing tuo zhi dou fen jiao nian ji nai shui xing de zeng jiang ji zhi zhu yao gui yin yu tuo zhi dou fen jiao nian ji de huo xing fen zi neng yu WSPzhong meng tuo tu de gui suan yan pian ceng tong guo xi fu zuo yong 、qing jian zuo yong 、jing dian zuo yong yi ji hua xue jian jie ge ,xing cheng you ji -mo ji za hua de xin xing fu ge jie gou 。diao zhi Ilei jiao ge ban yong da dou jiao nian ji shi ,WSPde tian jia liang yi 20%wei yi ,ji 28hzhu -gan -zhu jiang du da dao 1.37MPa,zai gai shan jiao jie nai shui xing de tong shi ke jiang di jiao nian ji cheng ben 7.05%。6)yan jiu le tuo zhi dou fen chong lei 、EMPAgu han liang 、hun ge fen yong liang 、shi jiao liang 、chen hua shi jian 、re ya shi jian 、re ya wen du ji re ya ya li 8ge zhu yao diao jiao gong yi yin zi he re ya gong yi yin zi dui suo you hua WSPzeng liang re hua xue gai xing tuo zhi dou fen jiao nian ji jiao ge xing neng de ying xiang gui lv ,you hua chu man zu Ilei jiao ge ban nai shui xing neng yao qiu de 、zui jing ji you xiao de diao jiao ji shu :100fen gu han liang 9wt%de EMPArong ye +40fen fu ge dou po fen (80wt%de re hua xue gai xing di wen dou po fen he 20wt%tian liao WSP),zai shi wen xia jiao ban xing cheng da dou jiao nian ji ;you hua chu zui jia de jiao ge ban re ya ji shu :shi jiao liang 340g/m2,tu jiao hou sui ji zu pei bing bi kou chen hua 30minhou ,zai 120℃he re ya ya li 1.40MPaxia re ya 4.5min。xiang guan ying yong ji shu yan jiu jie guo wei suo you hua de WSPzeng liang re hua xue gai xing tuo zhi dou fen jiao nian ji zai mu cai gong ye zhong de tui an ying yong di gong ji shu zhi dao 。
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论文作者分别是来自东北林业大学的张冰寒，发表于刊物东北林业大学2019-11-18论文，是一篇关于大豆胶黏剂论文,脱脂豆粉论文,无机填料论文,热化学改性论文,胶合性能论文,东北林业大学2019-11-18论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自东北林业大学2019-11-18论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：大豆胶黏剂论文; 脱脂豆粉论文; 无机填料论文; 热化学改性论文; 胶合性能论文; 东北林业大学2019-11-18论文;