本文主要研究内容
作者缪亚丽（2019）在《荞麦落粒发生规律及其生理机制研究》一文中研究指出：落粒性是植物对自然环境的一种适应性机制。荞麦为无限花序,同一植株或同一个花簇边开花边结实,种子成熟后在植株上的滞留性极差,收获前容易形成自然脱落现象,严重影响荞麦的产量和加工品质,增加了荞麦生产成本,提高了采收难度。本研究以栽培种西农9976(甜荞)、栽培种西农9940(苦荞)和野生种西藏刺荞(苦荞)为试验材料,采用田间观察统计、花柄表观形态结构及其解剖方法,研究荞麦落粒性及其与花柄表观形态结构的关系;采用碘显色法及蒽酮法,研究荞麦不同生育时期花柄和籽粒可溶性糖和淀粉含量对荞麦落粒的影响;采用酶联免疫法测定荞麦花柄和籽粒不同生育时期植物激素的含量,探究激素与荞麦落粒的关系,旨在探讨荞麦落粒性发生规律以及影响荞麦落粒性的因素及其相关关系,从而为选择抗落粒性荞麦品种,增加荞麦实收产量,保证荞麦高产优质提供理论依据。主要结果如下:(1)三个供试品种中,西藏刺荞的全生育期群体落粒率为72.56%,播种后第75天群体开始落粒,以籽粒带柄落粒为主,顶端、中端、底端部位都是主要落粒源。西农9976的全生育期群体落粒率为36.06%,播种后第69天开始出现落粒,以籽粒不带柄脱落为主,底端和中端生殖部位均为主要落粒源。西农9940的全生育期群体落粒率为30.80%,播种后第77天开始落粒,有带柄落粒和不带柄落粒两种,中端和底端生殖部位均是主要落粒源。总的来看,西农9976(即甜荞)落粒发生早于西农9940(即栽培苦荞)和西藏刺荞(苦荞),西藏刺荞(野生苦荞)落粒发生早于西农9940(栽培苦荞)。全生育期群体落粒率野生种(西藏刺荞)远远大于栽培种(西农9976和西农9940),栽培甜荞(西农9976)大于栽培苦荞。(2)落粒与抗落粒与花柄中淀粉和可溶性糖含量变化有关。乳熟期以后,西藏刺荞花柄淀粉含量和可溶性糖含量均远远高于西农9976和西农9940。即乳熟期以后的花柄淀粉和可溶性糖含量高则落粒性强。落粒与抗落粒与籽粒中淀粉含量和可溶性糖含量变化有关。西农9976、西农9940籽粒淀粉由低到高逐步增加,而西藏刺荞籽粒淀粉含量呈先增加后减少的趋势;三个品种籽粒的可溶性糖都呈现出随着生育进程而增高,但西藏刺荞腊熟期前可溶性糖远远低于西农9976和西农9940,在腊熟期后可溶性糖增加很快。因此,腊熟期以后籽粒淀粉含量下降,而可溶性糖含量大量增加,则落粒性增强。(3)荞麦的落粒性与花柄和籽粒中植物激素含量密切相关。花柄中腊熟期以后脱落酸含量较高,乳熟期到蜡熟期中期赤霉素含量低,全生育期乙烯含量高,则落粒性较严重;反之亦然。籽粒中蜡熟后期脱落酸含量降低,蜡熟期赤霉素含量急剧减少,乙烯也同时急剧降低,则落粒性严重,反之亦然。花柄和籽粒中生长素的含量似乎与落粒性无关。(4)荞麦花柄结构观察得出:荞麦花柄空心,椭圆形。花柄出现环状结构,以及凹陷或溢缩的程度标志着落粒性的大小。出现环状结构且凹陷或者溢缩严重,则落粒性较大。花柄中富含淀粉粒,野生种淀粉粒数目多于栽培种,且从初花期到完熟期先增高再降低,与测定结果完全相符。野生种表皮细胞的降解速度大于栽培种,且降解较早,在乳熟期就开始出现部分细胞裂解,蜡熟期是裂解最快的时期。表皮细胞的裂解程度与籽粒的落粒性相关,裂解程度越大,裂解速度越快,籽粒脱落越多,落粒性越强,反之亦然。
Abstract
la li xing shi zhi wu dui zi ran huan jing de yi chong kuo ying xing ji zhi 。qiao mai wei mo xian hua xu ,tong yi zhi zhu huo tong yi ge hua cu bian kai hua bian jie shi ,chong zi cheng shou hou zai zhi zhu shang de zhi liu xing ji cha ,shou huo qian rong yi xing cheng zi ran tuo la xian xiang ,yan chong ying xiang qiao mai de chan liang he jia gong pin zhi ,zeng jia le qiao mai sheng chan cheng ben ,di gao le cai shou nan du 。ben yan jiu yi zai pei chong xi nong 9976(tian qiao )、zai pei chong xi nong 9940(ku qiao )he ye sheng chong xi cang ci qiao (ku qiao )wei shi yan cai liao ,cai yong tian jian guan cha tong ji 、hua bing biao guan xing tai jie gou ji ji jie pou fang fa ,yan jiu qiao mai la li xing ji ji yu hua bing biao guan xing tai jie gou de guan ji ;cai yong dian xian se fa ji en tong fa ,yan jiu qiao mai bu tong sheng yo shi ji hua bing he zi li ke rong xing tang he dian fen han liang dui qiao mai la li de ying xiang ;cai yong mei lian mian yi fa ce ding qiao mai hua bing he zi li bu tong sheng yo shi ji zhi wu ji su de han liang ,tan jiu ji su yu qiao mai la li de guan ji ,zhi zai tan tao qiao mai la li xing fa sheng gui lv yi ji ying xiang qiao mai la li xing de yin su ji ji xiang guan guan ji ,cong er wei shua ze kang la li xing qiao mai pin chong ,zeng jia qiao mai shi shou chan liang ,bao zheng qiao mai gao chan you zhi di gong li lun yi ju 。zhu yao jie guo ru xia :(1)san ge gong shi pin chong zhong ,xi cang ci qiao de quan sheng yo ji qun ti la li lv wei 72.56%,bo chong hou di 75tian qun ti kai shi la li ,yi zi li dai bing la li wei zhu ,ding duan 、zhong duan 、de duan bu wei dou shi zhu yao la li yuan 。xi nong 9976de quan sheng yo ji qun ti la li lv wei 36.06%,bo chong hou di 69tian kai shi chu xian la li ,yi zi li bu dai bing tuo la wei zhu ,de duan he zhong duan sheng shi bu wei jun wei zhu yao la li yuan 。xi nong 9940de quan sheng yo ji qun ti la li lv wei 30.80%,bo chong hou di 77tian kai shi la li ,you dai bing la li he bu dai bing la li liang chong ,zhong duan he de duan sheng shi bu wei jun shi zhu yao la li yuan 。zong de lai kan ,xi nong 9976(ji tian qiao )la li fa sheng zao yu xi nong 9940(ji zai pei ku qiao )he xi cang ci qiao (ku qiao ),xi cang ci qiao (ye sheng ku qiao )la li fa sheng zao yu xi nong 9940(zai pei ku qiao )。quan sheng yo ji qun ti la li lv ye sheng chong (xi cang ci qiao )yuan yuan da yu zai pei chong (xi nong 9976he xi nong 9940),zai pei tian qiao (xi nong 9976)da yu zai pei ku qiao 。(2)la li yu kang la li yu hua bing zhong dian fen he ke rong xing tang han liang bian hua you guan 。ru shou ji yi hou ,xi cang ci qiao hua bing dian fen han liang he ke rong xing tang han liang jun yuan yuan gao yu xi nong 9976he xi nong 9940。ji ru shou ji yi hou de hua bing dian fen he ke rong xing tang han liang gao ze la li xing jiang 。la li yu kang la li yu zi li zhong dian fen han liang he ke rong xing tang han liang bian hua you guan 。xi nong 9976、xi nong 9940zi li dian fen you di dao gao zhu bu zeng jia ,er xi cang ci qiao zi li dian fen han liang cheng xian zeng jia hou jian shao de qu shi ;san ge pin chong zi li de ke rong xing tang dou cheng xian chu sui zhao sheng yo jin cheng er zeng gao ,dan xi cang ci qiao la shou ji qian ke rong xing tang yuan yuan di yu xi nong 9976he xi nong 9940,zai la shou ji hou ke rong xing tang zeng jia hen kuai 。yin ci ,la shou ji yi hou zi li dian fen han liang xia jiang ,er ke rong xing tang han liang da liang zeng jia ,ze la li xing zeng jiang 。(3)qiao mai de la li xing yu hua bing he zi li zhong zhi wu ji su han liang mi qie xiang guan 。hua bing zhong la shou ji yi hou tuo la suan han liang jiao gao ,ru shou ji dao la shou ji zhong ji chi mei su han liang di ,quan sheng yo ji yi xi han liang gao ,ze la li xing jiao yan chong ;fan zhi yi ran 。zi li zhong la shou hou ji tuo la suan han liang jiang di ,la shou ji chi mei su han liang ji ju jian shao ,yi xi ye tong shi ji ju jiang di ,ze la li xing yan chong ,fan zhi yi ran 。hua bing he zi li zhong sheng chang su de han liang shi hu yu la li xing mo guan 。(4)qiao mai hua bing jie gou guan cha de chu :qiao mai hua bing kong xin ,tuo yuan xing 。hua bing chu xian huan zhuang jie gou ,yi ji ao xian huo yi su de cheng du biao zhi zhao la li xing de da xiao 。chu xian huan zhuang jie gou ju ao xian huo zhe yi su yan chong ,ze la li xing jiao da 。hua bing zhong fu han dian fen li ,ye sheng chong dian fen li shu mu duo yu zai pei chong ,ju cong chu hua ji dao wan shou ji xian zeng gao zai jiang di ,yu ce ding jie guo wan quan xiang fu 。ye sheng chong biao pi xi bao de jiang jie su du da yu zai pei chong ,ju jiang jie jiao zao ,zai ru shou ji jiu kai shi chu xian bu fen xi bao lie jie ,la shou ji shi lie jie zui kuai de shi ji 。biao pi xi bao de lie jie cheng du yu zi li de la li xing xiang guan ,lie jie cheng du yue da ,lie jie su du yue kuai ,zi li tuo la yue duo ,la li xing yue jiang ,fan zhi yi ran 。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自西北农林科技大学的缪亚丽，发表于刊物西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文，是一篇关于荞麦论文,淀粉论文,可溶性糖论文,植物激素论文,花柄结构论文,西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：荞麦论文; 淀粉论文; 可溶性糖论文; 植物激素论文; 花柄结构论文; 西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文;