本文主要研究内容
作者高小翃（2019）在《发酵型猪肉干生产及保藏技术的研究》一文中研究指出：猪肉干作为我国传统肉制品,具有高蛋白低脂肪,食用方便等特点。但传统猪肉干存在硬度大、难咀嚼、色泽差等品质问题。对猪肉进行接种发酵制成发酵猪肉干,不仅可以提高产品的稳定性、安全性、口感、风味、营养价值,还可延长产品货架期。故本文利用植物乳杆菌和酿酒酵母制成的复合发酵液接种于猪肉中,制成发酵猪肉干,着重对发酵猪肉干的发酵工艺、猪肉发酵过程中的品质变化规律、干燥技术及保藏技术进行研究分析,为高品质发酵猪肉干制品的生产提供一定的理论参考。1.发酵猪肉干的发酵工艺优化试验的研究。(1)通过单因素试验、Plackett-Burman试验得知对猪肉pH试验结果影响较显著的单因素为发酵温度、发酵时间和复合发酵液接种量。(2)以单因素试验所得最优发酵参数复合发酵液菌种配比植物乳杆菌:酿酒酵母=2:1,葡萄糖添加量1.6%,食盐添加量1.5%为基准,对显著影响因子发酵温度、发酵时间和接种量进行Box-Behnken响应面优化试验,得出猪肉最优发酵工艺条件为发酵温度16℃,发酵时间40h,复合发酵液接种量5%,在此工艺条件下所得发酵猪肉干具有良好的发酵风味,并伴有醇香味,且口感良好。2.猪肉发酵过程中、发酵结束后相关质量指标的变化及成品品质特性的研究。相对于未添加发酵液的自然发酵猪肉而言,经接种复合发酵液的猪肉在发酵过程中、发酵结束后的相关质量指标及成品品质变化情况如下:(1)接种复合发酵液的猪肉在发酵过程中,其水分活度(Aw)下降速率相对较快,挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)上升速率较慢,氨基酸态氮(AAN)含量上升速率较快。乳酸菌和酵母菌的数量相对较高,大肠杆菌的数量显著降低;(2)接种复合发酵液的猪肉发酵结束后,其游离氨基酸(FAA)的含量相对较高,通过观察其微观结构发现,其肌纤维几乎完全断裂;(3)猪肉经接种复合发酵液发酵后制备所得的发酵猪肉干的硬度、弹性、胶着性和咀嚼性均有所降低。3.发酵猪肉干微波-热风联合干燥工艺技术的研究。(1)发酵猪肉干在微波干燥过程中,当微波功率为140~280W时,其干燥过程主要表现为升速、恒速和降速三个干燥阶段,当微波功率≥420W时,其干燥过程主要表现为升速和降速两个干燥阶段,且微波功率越大,恒速干燥阶段维持的时间越短,干基含水率下降速率越快。发酵猪肉干热风干燥过程中,热风温度为50~60℃时,其干燥过程主要表现为升速、恒速和降速三个干燥阶段,当热风温度≥70℃时,其干燥过程主要表现为升速和降速两个干燥阶段,且热风温度越高,恒速干燥阶段维持时间越短,干基含水率下降速率越快;(2)微波干燥所得发酵猪肉干e值偏低、色泽较差、硬度偏低、咀嚼性较差。热风干燥所得发酵猪肉干硬度偏高、咀嚼性差、且干燥耗时较长、生产效率低;(3)微波-热风联合干燥过程中,以转换点含水率(以干基含水率计)、微波功率、热风温度和铺料密度作为单因素,通过隶属度及加权法对发酵猪肉干的试验指标偏红度值e值、硬度、干燥时间和感官评分进行综合评定,并以所得综合评分为考察指标对发酵猪肉干的干燥工艺条件进行正交优化试验,得知发酵猪肉干的最优干燥工艺条件为:微波功率420W,转换点含水率0.82,热风温度70℃,铺料密度4kg/m~2,在此条件下制得的发酵猪肉干综合评分最高。4.发酵猪肉干在不同贮藏温度条件下的品质特性及货架期预测的研究。在17℃、27℃和37℃贮藏温度条件下,发酵猪肉干随着贮藏时间的延长,pH整体呈先降后升的趋势,亮度值L*和感官评分呈不断下降趋势,发酵猪肉干的腐败指标TBARS值随贮藏时间的延长呈不断上升趋势,温度越高,上升速率越快。利用零级和一级动力学模型分别对发酵猪肉干品质指标TBARS的变化规律进行拟合,得知一级动力学回归系数∑R~2(2.963)>零级动力学回归系数∑R~2(2.696),故一级动力学模型拟合度较高,并结合Arrhenius方程可有效预测出发酵猪肉干的剩余货架期。
Abstract
zhu rou gan zuo wei wo guo chuan tong rou zhi pin ,ju you gao dan bai di zhi fang ,shi yong fang bian deng te dian 。dan chuan tong zhu rou gan cun zai ying du da 、nan ju jiao 、se ze cha deng pin zhi wen ti 。dui zhu rou jin hang jie chong fa jiao zhi cheng fa jiao zhu rou gan ,bu jin ke yi di gao chan pin de wen ding xing 、an quan xing 、kou gan 、feng wei 、ying yang jia zhi ,hai ke yan chang chan pin huo jia ji 。gu ben wen li yong zhi wu ru gan jun he niang jiu jiao mu zhi cheng de fu ge fa jiao ye jie chong yu zhu rou zhong ,zhi cheng fa jiao zhu rou gan ,zhao chong dui fa jiao zhu rou gan de fa jiao gong yi 、zhu rou fa jiao guo cheng zhong de pin zhi bian hua gui lv 、gan zao ji shu ji bao cang ji shu jin hang yan jiu fen xi ,wei gao pin zhi fa jiao zhu rou gan zhi pin de sheng chan di gong yi ding de li lun can kao 。1.fa jiao zhu rou gan de fa jiao gong yi you hua shi yan de yan jiu 。(1)tong guo chan yin su shi yan 、Plackett-Burmanshi yan de zhi dui zhu rou pHshi yan jie guo ying xiang jiao xian zhe de chan yin su wei fa jiao wen du 、fa jiao shi jian he fu ge fa jiao ye jie chong liang 。(2)yi chan yin su shi yan suo de zui you fa jiao can shu fu ge fa jiao ye jun chong pei bi zhi wu ru gan jun :niang jiu jiao mu =2:1,pu tao tang tian jia liang 1.6%,shi yan tian jia liang 1.5%wei ji zhun ,dui xian zhe ying xiang yin zi fa jiao wen du 、fa jiao shi jian he jie chong liang jin hang Box-Behnkenxiang ying mian you hua shi yan ,de chu zhu rou zui you fa jiao gong yi tiao jian wei fa jiao wen du 16℃,fa jiao shi jian 40h,fu ge fa jiao ye jie chong liang 5%,zai ci gong yi tiao jian xia suo de fa jiao zhu rou gan ju you liang hao de fa jiao feng wei ,bing ban you chun xiang wei ,ju kou gan liang hao 。2.zhu rou fa jiao guo cheng zhong 、fa jiao jie shu hou xiang guan zhi liang zhi biao de bian hua ji cheng pin pin zhi te xing de yan jiu 。xiang dui yu wei tian jia fa jiao ye de zi ran fa jiao zhu rou er yan ,jing jie chong fu ge fa jiao ye de zhu rou zai fa jiao guo cheng zhong 、fa jiao jie shu hou de xiang guan zhi liang zhi biao ji cheng pin pin zhi bian hua qing kuang ru xia :(1)jie chong fu ge fa jiao ye de zhu rou zai fa jiao guo cheng zhong ,ji shui fen huo du (Aw)xia jiang su lv xiang dui jiao kuai ,hui fa xing yan ji dan (TVB-N)shang sheng su lv jiao man ,an ji suan tai dan (AAN)han liang shang sheng su lv jiao kuai 。ru suan jun he jiao mu jun de shu liang xiang dui jiao gao ,da chang gan jun de shu liang xian zhe jiang di ;(2)jie chong fu ge fa jiao ye de zhu rou fa jiao jie shu hou ,ji you li an ji suan (FAA)de han liang xiang dui jiao gao ,tong guo guan cha ji wei guan jie gou fa xian ,ji ji qian wei ji hu wan quan duan lie ;(3)zhu rou jing jie chong fu ge fa jiao ye fa jiao hou zhi bei suo de de fa jiao zhu rou gan de ying du 、dan xing 、jiao zhao xing he ju jiao xing jun you suo jiang di 。3.fa jiao zhu rou gan wei bo -re feng lian ge gan zao gong yi ji shu de yan jiu 。(1)fa jiao zhu rou gan zai wei bo gan zao guo cheng zhong ,dang wei bo gong lv wei 140~280Wshi ,ji gan zao guo cheng zhu yao biao xian wei sheng su 、heng su he jiang su san ge gan zao jie duan ,dang wei bo gong lv ≥420Wshi ,ji gan zao guo cheng zhu yao biao xian wei sheng su he jiang su liang ge gan zao jie duan ,ju wei bo gong lv yue da ,heng su gan zao jie duan wei chi de shi jian yue duan ,gan ji han shui lv xia jiang su lv yue kuai 。fa jiao zhu rou gan re feng gan zao guo cheng zhong ,re feng wen du wei 50~60℃shi ,ji gan zao guo cheng zhu yao biao xian wei sheng su 、heng su he jiang su san ge gan zao jie duan ,dang re feng wen du ≥70℃shi ,ji gan zao guo cheng zhu yao biao xian wei sheng su he jiang su liang ge gan zao jie duan ,ju re feng wen du yue gao ,heng su gan zao jie duan wei chi shi jian yue duan ,gan ji han shui lv xia jiang su lv yue kuai ;(2)wei bo gan zao suo de fa jiao zhu rou gan ezhi pian di 、se ze jiao cha 、ying du pian di 、ju jiao xing jiao cha 。re feng gan zao suo de fa jiao zhu rou gan ying du pian gao 、ju jiao xing cha 、ju gan zao hao shi jiao chang 、sheng chan xiao lv di ;(3)wei bo -re feng lian ge gan zao guo cheng zhong ,yi zhuai huan dian han shui lv (yi gan ji han shui lv ji )、wei bo gong lv 、re feng wen du he pu liao mi du zuo wei chan yin su ,tong guo li shu du ji jia quan fa dui fa jiao zhu rou gan de shi yan zhi biao pian gong du zhi ezhi 、ying du 、gan zao shi jian he gan guan ping fen jin hang zeng ge ping ding ,bing yi suo de zeng ge ping fen wei kao cha zhi biao dui fa jiao zhu rou gan de gan zao gong yi tiao jian jin hang zheng jiao you hua shi yan ,de zhi fa jiao zhu rou gan de zui you gan zao gong yi tiao jian wei :wei bo gong lv 420W,zhuai huan dian han shui lv 0.82,re feng wen du 70℃,pu liao mi du 4kg/m~2,zai ci tiao jian xia zhi de de fa jiao zhu rou gan zeng ge ping fen zui gao 。4.fa jiao zhu rou gan zai bu tong zhu cang wen du tiao jian xia de pin zhi te xing ji huo jia ji yu ce de yan jiu 。zai 17℃、27℃he 37℃zhu cang wen du tiao jian xia ,fa jiao zhu rou gan sui zhao zhu cang shi jian de yan chang ,pHzheng ti cheng xian jiang hou sheng de qu shi ,liang du zhi L*he gan guan ping fen cheng bu duan xia jiang qu shi ,fa jiao zhu rou gan de fu bai zhi biao TBARSzhi sui zhu cang shi jian de yan chang cheng bu duan shang sheng qu shi ,wen du yue gao ,shang sheng su lv yue kuai 。li yong ling ji he yi ji dong li xue mo xing fen bie dui fa jiao zhu rou gan pin zhi zhi biao TBARSde bian hua gui lv jin hang ni ge ,de zhi yi ji dong li xue hui gui ji shu ∑R~2(2.963)>ling ji dong li xue hui gui ji shu ∑R~2(2.696),gu yi ji dong li xue mo xing ni ge du jiao gao ,bing jie ge Arrheniusfang cheng ke you xiao yu ce chu fa jiao zhu rou gan de sheng yu huo jia ji 。
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论文作者分别是来自贵州大学的高小翃，发表于刊物贵州大学2019-07-16论文，是一篇关于发酵猪肉干论文,复合发酵液论文,质量指标论文,微波热风联合干燥论文,品质论文,货架期论文,贵州大学2019-07-16论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自贵州大学2019-07-16论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：发酵猪肉干论文; 复合发酵液论文; 质量指标论文; 微波热风联合干燥论文; 品质论文; 货架期论文; 贵州大学2019-07-16论文;