本文主要研究内容
作者吴梦（2019）在《发酵型桑椹酒酚类物质、抗氧化能力及澄清效果的研究》一文中研究指出：桑椹中富含花青素、酚酸、黄酮醇、黄烷酮等多种活性物质,抗氧化能力强,以桑椹为主要原料酿制的桑椹酒保留了其原有的丰富营养,具有多种保健功效。桑椹酒加工过程中酚类物质和抗氧化能力受到影响,并且色泽、滋味、香气等品质变化显著影响桑椹酒品质。因此本课题针对桑椹酒加工过程中酚类物质变化和抗氧化能力提升的相关关系以及色泽、滋味和香气等品质进行研究,提出桑椹发酵液中添加苹果乳酸发酵液的新工艺,探究桑椹酒发酵及澄清过程对桑椹酒酚类物质和抗氧化能力的影响,明晰与酚类物质直接或间接相关成分的变化规律,分别建立色泽和抗氧化能力与总花色苷、总多酚、总类黄酮含量之间的Pearson相关分析方法,并采用主成分分析法分析不同澄清剂对桑椹酒整体品质的影响。主要研究内容和结论如下:(1)以感官评分为指标,比较不同苹果乳酸发酵液添加量对桑椹酒感官品质的影响,发现苹果乳酸发酵液添加量显著影响桑椹酒的感官评分,并确定苹果乳酸发酵液的添加量为15%(v/v)。采用响应面分析法建立桑椹酒感官评分与发酵工艺参数间的数学回归模型,根据实际操作的可行性,确定较佳工艺参数为接种量0.26%(v/v)、发酵温度21.50℃、初始糖度20%。(2)桑椹酒发酵过程中色泽、酚类物质、抗氧化能力的变化及酚类物质与色泽、抗氧化能力的Pearson相关性分析:亮度L*值、红绿度a*值、黄蓝度b*值、饱和度C*值快速上升后下降,总花色总苷含量快速下降后趋于平稳,总花色苷含量与L*值、a*值、b*值、C*值的负相关性最强,R~2分别为-0.955、-0.990、-0.934、-0.989;0~3 d内,色调角H~0值先下降后上升再下降,总多酚含量上升,铁还原力先下降后上升,3 d后H~0值快速上升后下降,总多酚含量和铁还原力下降,总多酚含量与H~0值的负相关性最强,R~2为-0.920,总多酚含量与铁还原力的相关性最强,R~2为0.939;总类黄酮含量、DPPH自由基清除能力及ABTS~+·清除能力先下降后上升再下降,总类黄酮含量与DPPH自由基清除能力、ABTS~+·清除能力的相关性最强,R~2分别为0.973、0.957;总酚酸含量处于动态平衡中。(3)通过电子舌和气相色谱-质谱联用技术探究桑椹酒发酵过程中滋味指标和香气成分的变化规律:0~4 d内酸味、涩味的相对强度先上升后下降,苦味、咸味及鲜味的相对强度先下降后上升,后味A(涩的回味)、后味B(苦的回味)及丰度(鲜的回味)的相对强度上升;4 d后酸味、苦味、涩味、咸味、鲜味及丰度的相对强度趋于平稳并保持在相对稳定的状态,后味A、后味B的相对强度先下降后上升再下降;从整个发酵过程看,酸味的极差最大。香气成分种数先上升后下降;醇类、酯类和酸类物质含量显著上升后下降,醛类及酮类物质含量下降;发酵结束后,醇类、酯类和酸类物质含量显著上升(p<0.05),使桑椹酒醇香突出,酯香浓郁;醛类、酮类物质含量显著降低(p<0.05)。(4)以澄清剂澄清桑椹酒后的透光率为指标,研究了澄清剂种类(皂土、壳聚糖、明胶)及其浓度对桑椹酒澄清效果的影响,发现随着澄清剂浓度的增加,色差ΔE显著上升(p<0.05),总花色苷、总多酚、总类黄酮含量及抗氧化能力下降,并确定澄清剂的最适添加量分别为:皂土0.7 g/L、壳聚糖0.7 g/L、明胶0.5 g/L,其中0.5 g/L明胶的澄清效果最好,从澄清效果方面看,选择0.5 g/L明胶对桑椹酒进行澄清处理较好。(5)采用皂土0.7 g/L、壳聚糖0.7 g/L、明胶0.5 g/L对桑椹酒进行澄清处理,发现皂土处理组ΔL*值、Δa*值、Δb*值及ΔE值最小,总花色苷、总多酚、总类黄酮含量及DPPH自由基清除能力、ABTS~+·清除能力、铁还原力最高,没食子酸、原儿茶酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸、p-香豆酸、阿魏酸、对羟基肉桂酸类酚酸及总酚酸含量下降量最小,分别为4.10%、6.12%、23.90%、25.00%、2.82%、8.15%、20.80%、20.29%,从桑椹酒的色泽、酚类物质、抗氧化能力看,皂土澄清桑椹酒可以最大程度地保留桑椹酒中的酚类物质含量,抗氧化能力强,色泽变化最小;澄清处理后酸味、咸味、鲜味和丰度4个滋味指标的相对强度没有明显变化,且壳聚糖处理组后味A和后味B的相对强度没有明显变化,苦味、涩味的相对强度最小,香气成分含量显著高于皂土、明胶处理组(p<0.05),从滋味品质和香气看,采用壳聚糖澄清桑椹酒对桑椹酒的滋味指标影响较小,香气成分保留较好;由不同澄清剂处理桑椹酒整体品质的主成分分析可知,澄清处理样品与未澄清样品分为三类:对照组位于PC1和PC2的正半轴,皂土和壳聚糖处理组位于PC1和PC2的负半轴,明胶处理组位于PC1的负半轴和PC2的正半轴。
Abstract
sang shen zhong fu han hua qing su 、fen suan 、huang tong chun 、huang wan tong deng duo chong huo xing wu zhi ,kang yang hua neng li jiang ,yi sang shen wei zhu yao yuan liao niang zhi de sang shen jiu bao liu le ji yuan you de feng fu ying yang ,ju you duo chong bao jian gong xiao 。sang shen jiu jia gong guo cheng zhong fen lei wu zhi he kang yang hua neng li shou dao ying xiang ,bing ju se ze 、zi wei 、xiang qi deng pin zhi bian hua xian zhe ying xiang sang shen jiu pin zhi 。yin ci ben ke ti zhen dui sang shen jiu jia gong guo cheng zhong fen lei wu zhi bian hua he kang yang hua neng li di sheng de xiang guan guan ji yi ji se ze 、zi wei he xiang qi deng pin zhi jin hang yan jiu ,di chu sang shen fa jiao ye zhong tian jia ping guo ru suan fa jiao ye de xin gong yi ,tan jiu sang shen jiu fa jiao ji cheng qing guo cheng dui sang shen jiu fen lei wu zhi he kang yang hua neng li de ying xiang ,ming xi yu fen lei wu zhi zhi jie huo jian jie xiang guan cheng fen de bian hua gui lv ,fen bie jian li se ze he kang yang hua neng li yu zong hua se gan 、zong duo fen 、zong lei huang tong han liang zhi jian de Pearsonxiang guan fen xi fang fa ,bing cai yong zhu cheng fen fen xi fa fen xi bu tong cheng qing ji dui sang shen jiu zheng ti pin zhi de ying xiang 。zhu yao yan jiu nei rong he jie lun ru xia :(1)yi gan guan ping fen wei zhi biao ,bi jiao bu tong ping guo ru suan fa jiao ye tian jia liang dui sang shen jiu gan guan pin zhi de ying xiang ,fa xian ping guo ru suan fa jiao ye tian jia liang xian zhe ying xiang sang shen jiu de gan guan ping fen ,bing que ding ping guo ru suan fa jiao ye de tian jia liang wei 15%(v/v)。cai yong xiang ying mian fen xi fa jian li sang shen jiu gan guan ping fen yu fa jiao gong yi can shu jian de shu xue hui gui mo xing ,gen ju shi ji cao zuo de ke hang xing ,que ding jiao jia gong yi can shu wei jie chong liang 0.26%(v/v)、fa jiao wen du 21.50℃、chu shi tang du 20%。(2)sang shen jiu fa jiao guo cheng zhong se ze 、fen lei wu zhi 、kang yang hua neng li de bian hua ji fen lei wu zhi yu se ze 、kang yang hua neng li de Pearsonxiang guan xing fen xi :liang du L*zhi 、gong lu du a*zhi 、huang lan du b*zhi 、bao he du C*zhi kuai su shang sheng hou xia jiang ,zong hua se zong gan han liang kuai su xia jiang hou qu yu ping wen ,zong hua se gan han liang yu L*zhi 、a*zhi 、b*zhi 、C*zhi de fu xiang guan xing zui jiang ,R~2fen bie wei -0.955、-0.990、-0.934、-0.989;0~3 dnei ,se diao jiao H~0zhi xian xia jiang hou shang sheng zai xia jiang ,zong duo fen han liang shang sheng ,tie hai yuan li xian xia jiang hou shang sheng ,3 dhou H~0zhi kuai su shang sheng hou xia jiang ,zong duo fen han liang he tie hai yuan li xia jiang ,zong duo fen han liang yu H~0zhi de fu xiang guan xing zui jiang ,R~2wei -0.920,zong duo fen han liang yu tie hai yuan li de xiang guan xing zui jiang ,R~2wei 0.939;zong lei huang tong han liang 、DPPHzi you ji qing chu neng li ji ABTS~+·qing chu neng li xian xia jiang hou shang sheng zai xia jiang ,zong lei huang tong han liang yu DPPHzi you ji qing chu neng li 、ABTS~+·qing chu neng li de xiang guan xing zui jiang ,R~2fen bie wei 0.973、0.957;zong fen suan han liang chu yu dong tai ping heng zhong 。(3)tong guo dian zi she he qi xiang se pu -zhi pu lian yong ji shu tan jiu sang shen jiu fa jiao guo cheng zhong zi wei zhi biao he xiang qi cheng fen de bian hua gui lv :0~4 dnei suan wei 、se wei de xiang dui jiang du xian shang sheng hou xia jiang ,ku wei 、xian wei ji xian wei de xiang dui jiang du xian xia jiang hou shang sheng ,hou wei A(se de hui wei )、hou wei B(ku de hui wei )ji feng du (xian de hui wei )de xiang dui jiang du shang sheng ;4 dhou suan wei 、ku wei 、se wei 、xian wei 、xian wei ji feng du de xiang dui jiang du qu yu ping wen bing bao chi zai xiang dui wen ding de zhuang tai ,hou wei A、hou wei Bde xiang dui jiang du xian xia jiang hou shang sheng zai xia jiang ;cong zheng ge fa jiao guo cheng kan ,suan wei de ji cha zui da 。xiang qi cheng fen chong shu xian shang sheng hou xia jiang ;chun lei 、zhi lei he suan lei wu zhi han liang xian zhe shang sheng hou xia jiang ,quan lei ji tong lei wu zhi han liang xia jiang ;fa jiao jie shu hou ,chun lei 、zhi lei he suan lei wu zhi han liang xian zhe shang sheng (p<0.05),shi sang shen jiu chun xiang tu chu ,zhi xiang nong yu ;quan lei 、tong lei wu zhi han liang xian zhe jiang di (p<0.05)。(4)yi cheng qing ji cheng qing sang shen jiu hou de tou guang lv wei zhi biao ,yan jiu le cheng qing ji chong lei (zao tu 、ke ju tang 、ming jiao )ji ji nong du dui sang shen jiu cheng qing xiao guo de ying xiang ,fa xian sui zhao cheng qing ji nong du de zeng jia ,se cha ΔExian zhe shang sheng (p<0.05),zong hua se gan 、zong duo fen 、zong lei huang tong han liang ji kang yang hua neng li xia jiang ,bing que ding cheng qing ji de zui kuo tian jia liang fen bie wei :zao tu 0.7 g/L、ke ju tang 0.7 g/L、ming jiao 0.5 g/L,ji zhong 0.5 g/Lming jiao de cheng qing xiao guo zui hao ,cong cheng qing xiao guo fang mian kan ,shua ze 0.5 g/Lming jiao dui sang shen jiu jin hang cheng qing chu li jiao hao 。(5)cai yong zao tu 0.7 g/L、ke ju tang 0.7 g/L、ming jiao 0.5 g/Ldui sang shen jiu jin hang cheng qing chu li ,fa xian zao tu chu li zu ΔL*zhi 、Δa*zhi 、Δb*zhi ji ΔEzhi zui xiao ,zong hua se gan 、zong duo fen 、zong lei huang tong han liang ji DPPHzi you ji qing chu neng li 、ABTS~+·qing chu neng li 、tie hai yuan li zui gao ,mei shi zi suan 、yuan er cha suan 、lu yuan suan 、ga fei suan 、p-xiang dou suan 、a wei suan 、dui qiang ji rou gui suan lei fen suan ji zong fen suan han liang xia jiang liang zui xiao ,fen bie wei 4.10%、6.12%、23.90%、25.00%、2.82%、8.15%、20.80%、20.29%,cong sang shen jiu de se ze 、fen lei wu zhi 、kang yang hua neng li kan ,zao tu cheng qing sang shen jiu ke yi zui da cheng du de bao liu sang shen jiu zhong de fen lei wu zhi han liang ,kang yang hua neng li jiang ,se ze bian hua zui xiao ;cheng qing chu li hou suan wei 、xian wei 、xian wei he feng du 4ge zi wei zhi biao de xiang dui jiang du mei you ming xian bian hua ,ju ke ju tang chu li zu hou wei Ahe hou wei Bde xiang dui jiang du mei you ming xian bian hua ,ku wei 、se wei de xiang dui jiang du zui xiao ,xiang qi cheng fen han liang xian zhe gao yu zao tu 、ming jiao chu li zu (p<0.05),cong zi wei pin zhi he xiang qi kan ,cai yong ke ju tang cheng qing sang shen jiu dui sang shen jiu de zi wei zhi biao ying xiang jiao xiao ,xiang qi cheng fen bao liu jiao hao ;you bu tong cheng qing ji chu li sang shen jiu zheng ti pin zhi de zhu cheng fen fen xi ke zhi ,cheng qing chu li yang pin yu wei cheng qing yang pin fen wei san lei :dui zhao zu wei yu PC1he PC2de zheng ban zhou ,zao tu he ke ju tang chu li zu wei yu PC1he PC2de fu ban zhou ,ming jiao chu li zu wei yu PC1de fu ban zhou he PC2de zheng ban zhou 。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自江苏大学的吴梦，发表于刊物江苏大学2019-09-19论文，是一篇关于桑椹酒论文,发酵论文,酚类物质论文,抗氧化能力论文,澄清论文,江苏大学2019-09-19论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自江苏大学2019-09-19论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。