本文主要研究内容
作者李景奎（2019）在《纳米Cu/ZnO镀层木基复合材料的制备及其物理特性研究》一文中研究指出：近年来,高效性、环保性和多功能性的木材改良技术越来越受到青睐。无机纳米材料在力学、热学、光学、电学、磁学以及化学性质等方面存在着诸多的奇异特性。将各种无机纳米材料与木材复合,制备多功能性的木基无机纳米复合材料,对木材功能性改良、拓展木材应用领域和提高附加值等都具有重要的研究价值和实际意义。然而,传统化学方法会造成木材成分降解、体积收缩及其它杂质混入,对木材的天然性破坏较大;还存在着制备工艺复杂、污染环境、不安全、危害人体健康等一系列问题。针对上述传统化学方法存在问题,本论文以31年树龄的樟子松木材单板为基材,采用封闭剂和超声波等处理木材单板,利用磁控溅射法在木材单板表面生长Cu薄膜和ZnO薄膜,实现纳米Cu/ZnO镀层木基复合材料的制备;并利用纳米压痕仪、方块电阻测试仪、接触角测量仪、分光测色仪、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线能谱仪等对纳米Cu/ZnO镀层木基复合材料的结构、力学性能、导电性能、润湿性能、抗老化性能、表面形貌和表面元素等进行表征。探讨不同溅射时间对木材单板金属化结构和物理性能渐变过程的影响;研究磁控溅射基底温度和超声波处理木材对镀铜木材单板物理性能的影响;用不同方法处理木材单板,利用磁控溅射法制备“封闭剂型”纳米ZnO/木材复合材料和“环保型”木基纳米ZnO复合材料,通过改变溅射时间和基底温度,研究木基纳米ZnO复合材料的物理性能变化情况。研究结果如下:(1)利用磁控溅射法来实现木材单板金属化,随着溅射镀膜时间增加,依然存在木材纤维素特征衍射峰,但是衍射峰强度明显减弱;同时,在2θ等于43.3°,50.4°和74.1°附近,出现了金属铜的Cu(111)、Cu(200)和Cu(220)的特征衍射峰,并且特征衍射峰强度随镀膜时间的增加逐渐增强。在木材单板表面生长铜薄膜,迅速增大了木材单板的弹性模量和硬度。镀膜时间为15min的样品,弹性模量和硬度增大了 24.1倍和17.3倍。溅射镀铜初期,没有形成连续薄膜,金属化木材单板表面导电性能较差。随着溅射镀膜时间增加,金属化木材单板的导电性能增强。材单板表面润湿性也实现了从亲水性向疏水性转变;溅射的铜原子在木材单板表面逐渐成核、长大,铜薄膜生长经历从岛状到网状再到连续成膜3个典型阶段的薄膜形成过程。(2)基底温度对磁控溅射镀铜木材单板的物理性能产生很大影响,在基底温度为200℃溅射条件下,金属化木材单板结晶性、力学性能(弹性模量和硬度)、疏水性能等物理性能更加优良;另外,200℃溅射样品方块电阻约是常温样品方块电阻的4.6倍,其导电性能下降明显;铜薄膜粒度基本是以小颗粒为主,以纳米颗粒呈现,铜薄膜均匀,排列致密,表面平整,粗糙度小,薄膜表面无裂痕,生长的铜薄膜质量也更加优良。(3)超声波处理能够加剧木材表面多孔性结构,使木材表面和内部孔隙通道变得清洁、光滑,利用磁控溅射法能够实现木材单板金属化,获得导电性能优良的木材单板,但金属化木材单板的横纹方块电阻要比顺纹的方块电阻大得多,横纹方块电阻是顺纹方块电阻2-3倍;溅射时间为15min(200℃)的样品,水接触角为149.9°,几乎具备疏水性能。(4)利用磁控溅射法制备“封闭剂型”纳米ZnO/木材复合材料,在2θ等于17.0°,22.5°,35.0°附近,依然存在木材纤维素结晶面(101、002和040)的衍射峰,但衍射峰强度和纤维素结晶度有所降低;溅射时间为40min的样品,出现了ZnO(100)、ZnO(101)特征衍射峰,但衍射峰强度较弱。溅射镀膜40min(200℃)的样品压痕载荷-位移曲线有较大的形状变化,弹性模量和硬度有所增大,分别增大了6.6和0.23倍;磁控溅射法在木材单板表面生长ZnO薄膜,能够改善木材的润湿性能,溅射镀膜40min(200℃)的样品的水接触角为140.2°,木材表面的润湿性能从亲水性变为疏水性。(5)不经过化学反应,也不使用任何化学有机溶液处理木材单板,利用磁控溅射法直接在木材单板表面生长ZnO薄膜,实现了“环保型”木基纳米ZnO复合材料制备。溅射时间为75min的样品,XRD图谱上出现了明显的ZnO(100)、ZnO(002)、ZnO(101)特征衍射峰。木基纳米ZnO复合材料的水接触角均超过了 130°,具有良好的疏水性能。经168h紫外加速老化实验证明,木基纳米ZnO复合材料均具有抵御紫外光侵蚀的能力,其中,溅射镀膜75min(200℃)样品的总色差值ΔE*为3.98,总色差值变化不大,仅为原始木材总色差值的23%。总之,利用磁控溅射法成功制备了纳米Cu/ZnO镀层木基复合材料,实现了木材多功能改良,为导电木材、疏水木材、超硬度木材和磁性木材等新兴木材制备提供了新的思路和可行性方法。
Abstract
jin nian lai ,gao xiao xing 、huan bao xing he duo gong neng xing de mu cai gai liang ji shu yue lai yue shou dao qing lai 。mo ji na mi cai liao zai li xue 、re xue 、guang xue 、dian xue 、ci xue yi ji hua xue xing zhi deng fang mian cun zai zhao zhu duo de ji yi te xing 。jiang ge chong mo ji na mi cai liao yu mu cai fu ge ,zhi bei duo gong neng xing de mu ji mo ji na mi fu ge cai liao ,dui mu cai gong neng xing gai liang 、ta zhan mu cai ying yong ling yu he di gao fu jia zhi deng dou ju you chong yao de yan jiu jia zhi he shi ji yi yi 。ran er ,chuan tong hua xue fang fa hui zao cheng mu cai cheng fen jiang jie 、ti ji shou su ji ji ta za zhi hun ru ,dui mu cai de tian ran xing po huai jiao da ;hai cun zai zhao zhi bei gong yi fu za 、wu ran huan jing 、bu an quan 、wei hai ren ti jian kang deng yi ji lie wen ti 。zhen dui shang shu chuan tong hua xue fang fa cun zai wen ti ,ben lun wen yi 31nian shu ling de zhang zi song mu cai chan ban wei ji cai ,cai yong feng bi ji he chao sheng bo deng chu li mu cai chan ban ,li yong ci kong jian she fa zai mu cai chan ban biao mian sheng chang Cubao mo he ZnObao mo ,shi xian na mi Cu/ZnOdu ceng mu ji fu ge cai liao de zhi bei ;bing li yong na mi ya hen yi 、fang kuai dian zu ce shi yi 、jie chu jiao ce liang yi 、fen guang ce se yi 、Xshe xian yan she yi (XRD)、sao miao dian jing (SEM)he Xshe xian neng pu yi deng dui na mi Cu/ZnOdu ceng mu ji fu ge cai liao de jie gou 、li xue xing neng 、dao dian xing neng 、run shi xing neng 、kang lao hua xing neng 、biao mian xing mao he biao mian yuan su deng jin hang biao zheng 。tan tao bu tong jian she shi jian dui mu cai chan ban jin shu hua jie gou he wu li xing neng jian bian guo cheng de ying xiang ;yan jiu ci kong jian she ji de wen du he chao sheng bo chu li mu cai dui du tong mu cai chan ban wu li xing neng de ying xiang ;yong bu tong fang fa chu li mu cai chan ban ,li yong ci kong jian she fa zhi bei “feng bi ji xing ”na mi ZnO/mu cai fu ge cai liao he “huan bao xing ”mu ji na mi ZnOfu ge cai liao ,tong guo gai bian jian she shi jian he ji de wen du ,yan jiu mu ji na mi ZnOfu ge cai liao de wu li xing neng bian hua qing kuang 。yan jiu jie guo ru xia :(1)li yong ci kong jian she fa lai shi xian mu cai chan ban jin shu hua ,sui zhao jian she du mo shi jian zeng jia ,yi ran cun zai mu cai qian wei su te zheng yan she feng ,dan shi yan she feng jiang du ming xian jian ruo ;tong shi ,zai 2θdeng yu 43.3°,50.4°he 74.1°fu jin ,chu xian le jin shu tong de Cu(111)、Cu(200)he Cu(220)de te zheng yan she feng ,bing ju te zheng yan she feng jiang du sui du mo shi jian de zeng jia zhu jian zeng jiang 。zai mu cai chan ban biao mian sheng chang tong bao mo ,xun su zeng da le mu cai chan ban de dan xing mo liang he ying du 。du mo shi jian wei 15minde yang pin ,dan xing mo liang he ying du zeng da le 24.1bei he 17.3bei 。jian she du tong chu ji ,mei you xing cheng lian xu bao mo ,jin shu hua mu cai chan ban biao mian dao dian xing neng jiao cha 。sui zhao jian she du mo shi jian zeng jia ,jin shu hua mu cai chan ban de dao dian xing neng zeng jiang 。cai chan ban biao mian run shi xing ye shi xian le cong qin shui xing xiang shu shui xing zhuai bian ;jian she de tong yuan zi zai mu cai chan ban biao mian zhu jian cheng he 、chang da ,tong bao mo sheng chang jing li cong dao zhuang dao wang zhuang zai dao lian xu cheng mo 3ge dian xing jie duan de bao mo xing cheng guo cheng 。(2)ji de wen du dui ci kong jian she du tong mu cai chan ban de wu li xing neng chan sheng hen da ying xiang ,zai ji de wen du wei 200℃jian she tiao jian xia ,jin shu hua mu cai chan ban jie jing xing 、li xue xing neng (dan xing mo liang he ying du )、shu shui xing neng deng wu li xing neng geng jia you liang ;ling wai ,200℃jian she yang pin fang kuai dian zu yao shi chang wen yang pin fang kuai dian zu de 4.6bei ,ji dao dian xing neng xia jiang ming xian ;tong bao mo li du ji ben shi yi xiao ke li wei zhu ,yi na mi ke li cheng xian ,tong bao mo jun yun ,pai lie zhi mi ,biao mian ping zheng ,cu cao du xiao ,bao mo biao mian mo lie hen ,sheng chang de tong bao mo zhi liang ye geng jia you liang 。(3)chao sheng bo chu li neng gou jia ju mu cai biao mian duo kong xing jie gou ,shi mu cai biao mian he nei bu kong xi tong dao bian de qing jie 、guang hua ,li yong ci kong jian she fa neng gou shi xian mu cai chan ban jin shu hua ,huo de dao dian xing neng you liang de mu cai chan ban ,dan jin shu hua mu cai chan ban de heng wen fang kuai dian zu yao bi shun wen de fang kuai dian zu da de duo ,heng wen fang kuai dian zu shi shun wen fang kuai dian zu 2-3bei ;jian she shi jian wei 15min(200℃)de yang pin ,shui jie chu jiao wei 149.9°,ji hu ju bei shu shui xing neng 。(4)li yong ci kong jian she fa zhi bei “feng bi ji xing ”na mi ZnO/mu cai fu ge cai liao ,zai 2θdeng yu 17.0°,22.5°,35.0°fu jin ,yi ran cun zai mu cai qian wei su jie jing mian (101、002he 040)de yan she feng ,dan yan she feng jiang du he qian wei su jie jing du you suo jiang di ;jian she shi jian wei 40minde yang pin ,chu xian le ZnO(100)、ZnO(101)te zheng yan she feng ,dan yan she feng jiang du jiao ruo 。jian she du mo 40min(200℃)de yang pin ya hen zai he -wei yi qu xian you jiao da de xing zhuang bian hua ,dan xing mo liang he ying du you suo zeng da ,fen bie zeng da le 6.6he 0.23bei ;ci kong jian she fa zai mu cai chan ban biao mian sheng chang ZnObao mo ,neng gou gai shan mu cai de run shi xing neng ,jian she du mo 40min(200℃)de yang pin de shui jie chu jiao wei 140.2°,mu cai biao mian de run shi xing neng cong qin shui xing bian wei shu shui xing 。(5)bu jing guo hua xue fan ying ,ye bu shi yong ren he hua xue you ji rong ye chu li mu cai chan ban ,li yong ci kong jian she fa zhi jie zai mu cai chan ban biao mian sheng chang ZnObao mo ,shi xian le “huan bao xing ”mu ji na mi ZnOfu ge cai liao zhi bei 。jian she shi jian wei 75minde yang pin ,XRDtu pu shang chu xian le ming xian de ZnO(100)、ZnO(002)、ZnO(101)te zheng yan she feng 。mu ji na mi ZnOfu ge cai liao de shui jie chu jiao jun chao guo le 130°,ju you liang hao de shu shui xing neng 。jing 168hzi wai jia su lao hua shi yan zheng ming ,mu ji na mi ZnOfu ge cai liao jun ju you di yu zi wai guang qin shi de neng li ,ji zhong ,jian she du mo 75min(200℃)yang pin de zong se cha zhi ΔE*wei 3.98,zong se cha zhi bian hua bu da ,jin wei yuan shi mu cai zong se cha zhi de 23%。zong zhi ,li yong ci kong jian she fa cheng gong zhi bei le na mi Cu/ZnOdu ceng mu ji fu ge cai liao ,shi xian le mu cai duo gong neng gai liang ,wei dao dian mu cai 、shu shui mu cai 、chao ying du mu cai he ci xing mu cai deng xin xing mu cai zhi bei di gong le xin de sai lu he ke hang xing fang fa 。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自东北林业大学的李景奎，发表于刊物东北林业大学2019-11-18论文，是一篇关于木基论文,磁控溅射论文,纳米论文,纳米论文,物理特性论文,东北林业大学2019-11-18论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自东北林业大学2019-11-18论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：木基论文; 磁控溅射论文; 纳米论文; 物理特性论文; 东北林业大学2019-11-18论文;