本文主要研究内容
作者张赟赟（2019）在《鄂尔多斯高原砒砂岩区六种植物氮素利用和根系觅养研究》一文中研究指出：鄂尔多斯高原砒砂岩区土壤贫瘠、侵蚀严重、生态环境脆弱,土壤养分是植物生长发育的重要限制因子。因此研究不同养分控制下植物的氮素利用效率和根系形态响应对砒砂岩区水土保持和植被恢复重建过程中物种选择具有重要的理论和实践意义。本研究根据鄂尔多斯高原砒砂岩区环境气候条件,从植物养分利用特性角度,以3种乡土种芨芨草(Achnatherum splendens)、长柄扁桃(Amygdalus pcdunculata)和沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides)与3种外来种掌叶大黄(Rheum palmatum)、杂交狼尾草(Pennisetum americanum×P.purpureum)和胡颓子(Elaeagnus pungens)为研究对象,采用内生长法(尼龙网袋法)设异质氮肥斑块处理,含高(0.3g N/kg风干土)、中(0.2g N/kg风干土)、低(0.1g N/kg风干土)和对照四个施氮水平。通过计算6种植物在不同氮肥斑块的氮素利用效率以及植物根系对异质性养分斑块的觅养反应,测定地上部生物量、内生长袋内根系生物量和形态参数,比较植物养分利用效率及根系对异质斑块的觅养能力,筛选出根系觅养能力强和养分利用功能性状较好的物种,为砒砂岩区抗逆适生植物材料引种与选择提供依据。结果表明:(1)氮素利用效率(Nitrogen use efficiency,NUE)使用氮素生产力(Nitrogen productivity,NP)和平均滞留时间(Mean residency time,MRT)的乘积来表示。本试验6种植物的氮素生产力、平均滞留时间(胡颓子除外)和氮素利用效率存在显著种间差异,NP由高到低排列顺序为杂交狼尾草>掌叶大黄>沙棘>芨芨草>长柄扁桃>胡颓子,MRT由长到短排列顺序为长柄扁桃>沙棘>芨芨草>掌叶大黄>杂交狼尾草,NUE排列顺序为沙棘>长柄扁桃>掌叶大黄>杂交狼尾草>芨芨草>胡颓子。6种植物的氮素利用策略不同,掌叶大黄和杂交狼尾草具有较高的NP和较短的MRT,长柄扁桃、沙棘和芨芨草具有较低的NP和较长的MRT。与未施氮对照植株相比,6种植物的地上生物量和NUE在斑块状施氮生境中都有所增加,其中狼尾草在施氮后生物量增加最大,为喜肥速生植物。(2)与未施氮对照植株根系相比,6种植物根系在异质性氮肥斑块都有所增加,表现为根生物量增加、根长伸长和根表面积扩大;长柄扁桃根系增加显著;植物细根增殖对斑块生境存在一定的敏感性。在异质性氮肥斑块中,杂交狼尾草根生物量密度在高氮增生最多,掌叶大黄、芨芨草、长柄扁桃和胡颓子根生物量密度、根长和表面积在中氮处理增生最多;6种植物对异质性斑块的响应存在种间差异性,与对照内生长袋相比,掌叶大黄根生物量密度增幅最大为489.29%,长柄扁桃根长增幅最大为95.35%,芨芨草根表面积增幅最大为170.02%。掌叶大黄、芨芨草、杂交狼尾草、长柄扁桃和胡颓子5种植物根系的觅养精确性和广布性存在权衡且表现为负相关关系。(3)通过分析试验期末内生长袋中土壤肥料氮的去向,表明6种植物吸氮量存在显著种间差异,杂交狼尾草和沙棘吸氮量较多,掌叶大黄吸氮量较少;异质施氮斑块相比未施氮对照植株处理而言,植物吸氮量和损失氮量均显著增加,土壤残留氮量没有显著差异。异质施肥(高肥、中肥、低肥和对照)内生长袋内土壤残留氮肥存在明显差异。未施氮对照植株土壤残留铵态氮存在种间差异性。
Abstract
e er duo si gao yuan pi sha yan ou tu rang pin ji 、qin shi yan chong 、sheng tai huan jing cui ruo ,tu rang yang fen shi zhi wu sheng chang fa yo de chong yao xian zhi yin zi 。yin ci yan jiu bu tong yang fen kong zhi xia zhi wu de dan su li yong xiao lv he gen ji xing tai xiang ying dui pi sha yan ou shui tu bao chi he zhi bei hui fu chong jian guo cheng zhong wu chong shua ze ju you chong yao de li lun he shi jian yi yi 。ben yan jiu gen ju e er duo si gao yuan pi sha yan ou huan jing qi hou tiao jian ,cong zhi wu yang fen li yong te xing jiao du ,yi 3chong xiang tu chong ji ji cao (Achnatherum splendens)、chang bing bian tao (Amygdalus pcdunculata)he sha ji (Hippophae rhamnoides)yu 3chong wai lai chong zhang xie da huang (Rheum palmatum)、za jiao lang wei cao (Pennisetum americanum×P.purpureum)he hu tui zi (Elaeagnus pungens)wei yan jiu dui xiang ,cai yong nei sheng chang fa (ni long wang dai fa )she yi zhi dan fei ban kuai chu li ,han gao (0.3g N/kgfeng gan tu )、zhong (0.2g N/kgfeng gan tu )、di (0.1g N/kgfeng gan tu )he dui zhao si ge shi dan shui ping 。tong guo ji suan 6chong zhi wu zai bu tong dan fei ban kuai de dan su li yong xiao lv yi ji zhi wu gen ji dui yi zhi xing yang fen ban kuai de mi yang fan ying ,ce ding de shang bu sheng wu liang 、nei sheng chang dai nei gen ji sheng wu liang he xing tai can shu ,bi jiao zhi wu yang fen li yong xiao lv ji gen ji dui yi zhi ban kuai de mi yang neng li ,shai shua chu gen ji mi yang neng li jiang he yang fen li yong gong neng xing zhuang jiao hao de wu chong ,wei pi sha yan ou kang ni kuo sheng zhi wu cai liao yin chong yu shua ze di gong yi ju 。jie guo biao ming :(1)dan su li yong xiao lv (Nitrogen use efficiency,NUE)shi yong dan su sheng chan li (Nitrogen productivity,NP)he ping jun zhi liu shi jian (Mean residency time,MRT)de cheng ji lai biao shi 。ben shi yan 6chong zhi wu de dan su sheng chan li 、ping jun zhi liu shi jian (hu tui zi chu wai )he dan su li yong xiao lv cun zai xian zhe chong jian cha yi ,NPyou gao dao di pai lie shun xu wei za jiao lang wei cao >zhang xie da huang >sha ji >ji ji cao >chang bing bian tao >hu tui zi ,MRTyou chang dao duan pai lie shun xu wei chang bing bian tao >sha ji >ji ji cao >zhang xie da huang >za jiao lang wei cao ,NUEpai lie shun xu wei sha ji >chang bing bian tao >zhang xie da huang >za jiao lang wei cao >ji ji cao >hu tui zi 。6chong zhi wu de dan su li yong ce lve bu tong ,zhang xie da huang he za jiao lang wei cao ju you jiao gao de NPhe jiao duan de MRT,chang bing bian tao 、sha ji he ji ji cao ju you jiao di de NPhe jiao chang de MRT。yu wei shi dan dui zhao zhi zhu xiang bi ,6chong zhi wu de de shang sheng wu liang he NUEzai ban kuai zhuang shi dan sheng jing zhong dou you suo zeng jia ,ji zhong lang wei cao zai shi dan hou sheng wu liang zeng jia zui da ,wei xi fei su sheng zhi wu 。(2)yu wei shi dan dui zhao zhi zhu gen ji xiang bi ,6chong zhi wu gen ji zai yi zhi xing dan fei ban kuai dou you suo zeng jia ,biao xian wei gen sheng wu liang zeng jia 、gen chang shen chang he gen biao mian ji kuo da ;chang bing bian tao gen ji zeng jia xian zhe ;zhi wu xi gen zeng shi dui ban kuai sheng jing cun zai yi ding de min gan xing 。zai yi zhi xing dan fei ban kuai zhong ,za jiao lang wei cao gen sheng wu liang mi du zai gao dan zeng sheng zui duo ,zhang xie da huang 、ji ji cao 、chang bing bian tao he hu tui zi gen sheng wu liang mi du 、gen chang he biao mian ji zai zhong dan chu li zeng sheng zui duo ;6chong zhi wu dui yi zhi xing ban kuai de xiang ying cun zai chong jian cha yi xing ,yu dui zhao nei sheng chang dai xiang bi ,zhang xie da huang gen sheng wu liang mi du zeng fu zui da wei 489.29%,chang bing bian tao gen chang zeng fu zui da wei 95.35%,ji ji cao gen biao mian ji zeng fu zui da wei 170.02%。zhang xie da huang 、ji ji cao 、za jiao lang wei cao 、chang bing bian tao he hu tui zi 5chong zhi wu gen ji de mi yang jing que xing he an bu xing cun zai quan heng ju biao xian wei fu xiang guan guan ji 。(3)tong guo fen xi shi yan ji mo nei sheng chang dai zhong tu rang fei liao dan de qu xiang ,biao ming 6chong zhi wu xi dan liang cun zai xian zhe chong jian cha yi ,za jiao lang wei cao he sha ji xi dan liang jiao duo ,zhang xie da huang xi dan liang jiao shao ;yi zhi shi dan ban kuai xiang bi wei shi dan dui zhao zhi zhu chu li er yan ,zhi wu xi dan liang he sun shi dan liang jun xian zhe zeng jia ,tu rang can liu dan liang mei you xian zhe cha yi 。yi zhi shi fei (gao fei 、zhong fei 、di fei he dui zhao )nei sheng chang dai nei tu rang can liu dan fei cun zai ming xian cha yi 。wei shi dan dui zhao zhi zhu tu rang can liu an tai dan cun zai chong jian cha yi xing 。
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论文作者分别是来自西北农林科技大学的张赟赟，发表于刊物西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文，是一篇关于养分利用效率论文,氮素生产力论文,平均滞留时间论文,根系形态论文,异质性养分斑块论文,西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：养分利用效率论文; 氮素生产力论文; 平均滞留时间论文; 根系形态论文; 异质性养分斑块论文; 西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文;