本文主要研究内容
作者李辰灿（2019）在《纳米多孔金属的制备及其在有机合成中的应用》一文中研究指出：通过去合金化法制备的纳米多孔金属材料是一类可自支撑的具有三维双连续纳米多孔结构的材料,具有表面效应显著、比表面积高、孔隙率高、密度低、结构稳定均匀、耐腐蚀、耐疲劳、易制备和可重复利用等优点,受到了各领域的广泛关注。此类材料已在传感、生物、分析、储能、过滤与吸附介质等领域有了广泛的应用。在纳米多孔金属的诸多特点中,高比表面积、无负载、易制备、可重现性好、可重复利用等优点使其在有机催化领域展现出广阔的发展前景。较传统负载型纳米材料,纳米多孔金属材料在有机反应的催化中可以帮助人们更好地发现和了解纳米金属催化活性的所在。同时在纳米多孔金属材料的孔壁上往往存在着低配位原子,这些低配位原子可以使纳米多孔金属催化剂表现出比传统负载型催化剂更高的催化活性。而纳米多孔金属材料稳定均匀的自支撑结构使其在催化过程中往往可以保持原本的形貌并保持原有的催化活性,很大程度上解决了传统负载型纳米催化剂存在的反应后因形貌、尺寸、分布等发生变化而失活的问题。因此非负载型纳米多孔金属催化剂被认为是一类在有机合成和工业生产中都有广阔前景的绿色环保催化剂,有进行深入研究的意义。纳米多孔金属催化剂分为贵金属纳米多孔催化剂和非贵金属纳米多孔催化剂两类。目前人们对贵金属类尤其纳米多孔金研究较多,但贵金属类存在着使用成本高、存量有限的固有缺陷,为解决这一问题可以从两个方面着手:开发非贵金属纳米多孔催化剂和开发贵金属与非贵金属掺杂的多金属纳米多孔催化剂。本文在开发纳米多孔金这一贵金属类纳米多孔催化剂的同时还研究了纳米多孔铜-氧化亚铜复合物和纳米多孔钯-铜复合物两种含非贵金属的纳米多孔催化剂。具体如下:(1)芳硝基的还原是有机合成和工业生产中的一个重要反应。现有的催化芳硝基还原的体系往往存在着反应条件苛刻、氢源易燃易爆等问题,在温和条件下催化芳硝基还原制备对应的芳胺仍有挑战性,且这种温和的催化体系在有机合成和工业生产中都有重要意义。我们发现在以氨硼烷为氢源的条件下纳米多孔金对芳硝基的还原表现出高催化活性和高选择性,可以在常温常压下将芳硝基选择性还原成对应的芳胺且循环使用五次催化活性没有明显衰减。在进一步的研究中我们发现纳米多孔铜-氧化亚铜复合物同样可以完成对此反应的催化,但两种催化剂在选择性的表现上略有差异,在反应机理上也有所不同。以纳米多孔金和纳米多孔铜-氧化亚铜复合物为代表的绿色环保的非均相催化剂有望在未来的有机反应中发挥重要的作用。(2)通过偶联反应实现碳链的增长在有机全合成、生物制药、高分子工业等领域都有着重要地位,其中Suzuki-Miyaura反应是该领域常用的偶联反应。在传统的催化体系中Pd系和Ni系催化剂是催化Suzuki-Miyaura反应的常用催化剂,受此启发我们将纳米多孔钯铜催化剂应用在了对该反应的催化当中。纳米多孔钯铜催化剂对Suzuki-Miyaura反应表现出了不错的催化活性和底物普适性,同时也表现出循环多次催化活性无明显衰减的特点。但在反应机理的解释方面还需要进一步的研究。
Abstract
tong guo qu ge jin hua fa zhi bei de na mi duo kong jin shu cai liao shi yi lei ke zi zhi cheng de ju you san wei shuang lian xu na mi duo kong jie gou de cai liao ,ju you biao mian xiao ying xian zhe 、bi biao mian ji gao 、kong xi lv gao 、mi du di 、jie gou wen ding jun yun 、nai fu shi 、nai pi lao 、yi zhi bei he ke chong fu li yong deng you dian ,shou dao le ge ling yu de an fan guan zhu 。ci lei cai liao yi zai chuan gan 、sheng wu 、fen xi 、chu neng 、guo lv yu xi fu jie zhi deng ling yu you le an fan de ying yong 。zai na mi duo kong jin shu de zhu duo te dian zhong ,gao bi biao mian ji 、mo fu zai 、yi zhi bei 、ke chong xian xing hao 、ke chong fu li yong deng you dian shi ji zai you ji cui hua ling yu zhan xian chu an kuo de fa zhan qian jing 。jiao chuan tong fu zai xing na mi cai liao ,na mi duo kong jin shu cai liao zai you ji fan ying de cui hua zhong ke yi bang zhu ren men geng hao de fa xian he le jie na mi jin shu cui hua huo xing de suo zai 。tong shi zai na mi duo kong jin shu cai liao de kong bi shang wang wang cun zai zhao di pei wei yuan zi ,zhe xie di pei wei yuan zi ke yi shi na mi duo kong jin shu cui hua ji biao xian chu bi chuan tong fu zai xing cui hua ji geng gao de cui hua huo xing 。er na mi duo kong jin shu cai liao wen ding jun yun de zi zhi cheng jie gou shi ji zai cui hua guo cheng zhong wang wang ke yi bao chi yuan ben de xing mao bing bao chi yuan you de cui hua huo xing ,hen da cheng du shang jie jue le chuan tong fu zai xing na mi cui hua ji cun zai de fan ying hou yin xing mao 、che cun 、fen bu deng fa sheng bian hua er shi huo de wen ti 。yin ci fei fu zai xing na mi duo kong jin shu cui hua ji bei ren wei shi yi lei zai you ji ge cheng he gong ye sheng chan zhong dou you an kuo qian jing de lu se huan bao cui hua ji ,you jin hang shen ru yan jiu de yi yi 。na mi duo kong jin shu cui hua ji fen wei gui jin shu na mi duo kong cui hua ji he fei gui jin shu na mi duo kong cui hua ji liang lei 。mu qian ren men dui gui jin shu lei you ji na mi duo kong jin yan jiu jiao duo ,dan gui jin shu lei cun zai zhao shi yong cheng ben gao 、cun liang you xian de gu you que xian ,wei jie jue zhe yi wen ti ke yi cong liang ge fang mian zhao shou :kai fa fei gui jin shu na mi duo kong cui hua ji he kai fa gui jin shu yu fei gui jin shu can za de duo jin shu na mi duo kong cui hua ji 。ben wen zai kai fa na mi duo kong jin zhe yi gui jin shu lei na mi duo kong cui hua ji de tong shi hai yan jiu le na mi duo kong tong -yang hua ya tong fu ge wu he na mi duo kong ba -tong fu ge wu liang chong han fei gui jin shu de na mi duo kong cui hua ji 。ju ti ru xia :(1)fang xiao ji de hai yuan shi you ji ge cheng he gong ye sheng chan zhong de yi ge chong yao fan ying 。xian you de cui hua fang xiao ji hai yuan de ti ji wang wang cun zai zhao fan ying tiao jian ke ke 、qing yuan yi ran yi bao deng wen ti ,zai wen he tiao jian xia cui hua fang xiao ji hai yuan zhi bei dui ying de fang an reng you tiao zhan xing ,ju zhe chong wen he de cui hua ti ji zai you ji ge cheng he gong ye sheng chan zhong dou you chong yao yi yi 。wo men fa xian zai yi an peng wan wei qing yuan de tiao jian xia na mi duo kong jin dui fang xiao ji de hai yuan biao xian chu gao cui hua huo xing he gao shua ze xing ,ke yi zai chang wen chang ya xia jiang fang xiao ji shua ze xing hai yuan cheng dui ying de fang an ju xun huan shi yong wu ci cui hua huo xing mei you ming xian cui jian 。zai jin yi bu de yan jiu zhong wo men fa xian na mi duo kong tong -yang hua ya tong fu ge wu tong yang ke yi wan cheng dui ci fan ying de cui hua ,dan liang chong cui hua ji zai shua ze xing de biao xian shang lve you cha yi ,zai fan ying ji li shang ye you suo bu tong 。yi na mi duo kong jin he na mi duo kong tong -yang hua ya tong fu ge wu wei dai biao de lu se huan bao de fei jun xiang cui hua ji you wang zai wei lai de you ji fan ying zhong fa hui chong yao de zuo yong 。(2)tong guo ou lian fan ying shi xian tan lian de zeng chang zai you ji quan ge cheng 、sheng wu zhi yao 、gao fen zi gong ye deng ling yu dou you zhao chong yao de wei ,ji zhong Suzuki-Miyaurafan ying shi gai ling yu chang yong de ou lian fan ying 。zai chuan tong de cui hua ti ji zhong Pdji he Niji cui hua ji shi cui hua Suzuki-Miyaurafan ying de chang yong cui hua ji ,shou ci qi fa wo men jiang na mi duo kong ba tong cui hua ji ying yong zai le dui gai fan ying de cui hua dang zhong 。na mi duo kong ba tong cui hua ji dui Suzuki-Miyaurafan ying biao xian chu le bu cuo de cui hua huo xing he de wu pu kuo xing ,tong shi ye biao xian chu xun huan duo ci cui hua huo xing mo ming xian cui jian de te dian 。dan zai fan ying ji li de jie shi fang mian hai xu yao jin yi bu de yan jiu 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自济南大学的李辰灿，发表于刊物济南大学2019-10-31论文，是一篇关于纳米多孔金属论文,去合金化论文,硝基还原论文,反应论文,济南大学2019-10-31论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自济南大学2019-10-31论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：纳米多孔金属论文; 去合金化论文; 硝基还原论文; 反应论文; 济南大学2019-10-31论文;