本文主要研究内容
作者邵长安（2019）在《外源水杨酸对盐碱胁迫下燕麦生理的影响》一文中研究指出：在农业生产和生态环境中,土壤盐碱化日益加重的问题受到人们越来越高的重视。我国干旱、半干旱气候地区,存在多处高浓度的盐碱土壤,作物生长环境恶劣。燕麦是禾本科燕麦属草本植物,由于其具有较高的抗盐碱特性,在我国中西部干旱半干旱农牧地区作为主要粮食作物广泛种植,因此研究燕麦盐碱响应机制,对经济和生态具有重要的价值。水杨酸(Salicylic acid,SA)存在于植物体内,在生物胁迫和非生物胁迫过程中传导信息,调节植物生理机制,对植物起到保护作用。本文以‘蒙燕一号’和‘太阳神’两个燕麦品种为实验材料,在盐碱处理后,再施以0.05mmol/L和0.1 mmol/L两种浓度的外源水杨酸,探究外源水杨酸对中性盐胁迫(盐胁迫)和碱性盐胁迫(碱胁迫)下燕麦拔节期和抽穗期两个时期的光合特征、抗氧化酶系统、碳水化合物及其相关酶和根系特征的影响,主要研究结果如下:(1)盐碱胁迫下,燕麦的光合变化是通过增加气孔限制,降低光合作用,减少细胞水分流失,维持细胞一定的含水量,保证正常生长。抽穗期光合作用下降程度较拔节期更显著,受损更严重。施加外源0.05 mmol/L水杨酸后,燕麦光合作用加强,缓解盐碱胁迫对植物光合作用的损害且效果显著。施加外源0.1 mmol/L水杨酸缓解效果较0.05 mmol/L水杨酸差。外源水杨酸在拔节期较抽穗期效果显著,光合作用接近对照组水平。(2)盐碱胁迫下,抗性品种‘蒙燕一号’抗氧化酶的活性提高,敏感品种‘太阳神’的抗氧化酶活性在盐胁迫下降低,表明盐已构成高盐胁迫。‘蒙燕一号’较‘太阳神’产生的MDA含量低,碱胁迫下MDA含量较盐胁迫高。拔节期‘蒙燕一号’叶片抗氧化酶活性提高程度更大,有较好的抗胁迫作用。根系在拔节期抗氧化酶提高程度较叶片大,表明根系对盐碱胁迫反应早且敏感。施加外源水杨酸提高抗氧化酶系统活性,降低MDA含量,对碱胁迫下的燕麦效果较好。施加外源0.1 mmol/L水杨酸提高抗氧化酶活性程度较0.05 mmol/L水杨酸低,效果较差。(3)盐碱胁迫下,碳水化合物合成酶活性提高,转化酶活性降低,‘蒙燕一号’合成酶的提高程度较‘太阳神’大,因而光合合成的碳水化合物在叶片中积累。盐碱胁迫对根系碳水化合物积累的影响小于叶片。施加外源0.05 mmol/L水杨酸后,合成酶活性下降,转化酶活性提高,有助于碳水化合物及时运转出去,提高其渗透调节能力,减少生理渗透失水。根系在拔节期施加水杨酸效果好。施加外源0.1 mmol/L水杨酸对糖类的降低和转化效果差。(4)盐碱胁迫下,燕麦的根干重和根体积均下降。盐胁迫下根系活力显著提高,碱胁迫下根系活力显著下降。拔节期根系活力提高程度较抽穗期大,表明在较早生长时期抗性强。盐胁迫下施加外源水杨酸(0.05mmol/L),燕麦根体积和根干重均提高,有效缓解损害,维持了一定的根系活力。碱胁迫下施加外源水杨酸(0.05 mmol/L),根系活力、根体积和根干重均提高,表明碱胁迫对燕麦影响较大,需维持较高根系活力以抵抗胁迫。
Abstract
zai nong ye sheng chan he sheng tai huan jing zhong ,tu rang yan jian hua ri yi jia chong de wen ti shou dao ren men yue lai yue gao de chong shi 。wo guo gan han 、ban gan han qi hou de ou ,cun zai duo chu gao nong du de yan jian tu rang ,zuo wu sheng chang huan jing e lie 。yan mai shi he ben ke yan mai shu cao ben zhi wu ,you yu ji ju you jiao gao de kang yan jian te xing ,zai wo guo zhong xi bu gan han ban gan han nong mu de ou zuo wei zhu yao liang shi zuo wu an fan chong zhi ,yin ci yan jiu yan mai yan jian xiang ying ji zhi ,dui jing ji he sheng tai ju you chong yao de jia zhi 。shui yang suan (Salicylic acid,SA)cun zai yu zhi wu ti nei ,zai sheng wu xie pai he fei sheng wu xie pai guo cheng zhong chuan dao xin xi ,diao jie zhi wu sheng li ji zhi ,dui zhi wu qi dao bao hu zuo yong 。ben wen yi ‘meng yan yi hao ’he ‘tai yang shen ’liang ge yan mai pin chong wei shi yan cai liao ,zai yan jian chu li hou ,zai shi yi 0.05mmol/Lhe 0.1 mmol/Lliang chong nong du de wai yuan shui yang suan ,tan jiu wai yuan shui yang suan dui zhong xing yan xie pai (yan xie pai )he jian xing yan xie pai (jian xie pai )xia yan mai ba jie ji he chou sui ji liang ge shi ji de guang ge te zheng 、kang yang hua mei ji tong 、tan shui hua ge wu ji ji xiang guan mei he gen ji te zheng de ying xiang ,zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :(1)yan jian xie pai xia ,yan mai de guang ge bian hua shi tong guo zeng jia qi kong xian zhi ,jiang di guang ge zuo yong ,jian shao xi bao shui fen liu shi ,wei chi xi bao yi ding de han shui liang ,bao zheng zheng chang sheng chang 。chou sui ji guang ge zuo yong xia jiang cheng du jiao ba jie ji geng xian zhe ,shou sun geng yan chong 。shi jia wai yuan 0.05 mmol/Lshui yang suan hou ,yan mai guang ge zuo yong jia jiang ,huan jie yan jian xie pai dui zhi wu guang ge zuo yong de sun hai ju xiao guo xian zhe 。shi jia wai yuan 0.1 mmol/Lshui yang suan huan jie xiao guo jiao 0.05 mmol/Lshui yang suan cha 。wai yuan shui yang suan zai ba jie ji jiao chou sui ji xiao guo xian zhe ,guang ge zuo yong jie jin dui zhao zu shui ping 。(2)yan jian xie pai xia ,kang xing pin chong ‘meng yan yi hao ’kang yang hua mei de huo xing di gao ,min gan pin chong ‘tai yang shen ’de kang yang hua mei huo xing zai yan xie pai xia jiang di ,biao ming yan yi gou cheng gao yan xie pai 。‘meng yan yi hao ’jiao ‘tai yang shen ’chan sheng de MDAhan liang di ,jian xie pai xia MDAhan liang jiao yan xie pai gao 。ba jie ji ‘meng yan yi hao ’xie pian kang yang hua mei huo xing di gao cheng du geng da ,you jiao hao de kang xie pai zuo yong 。gen ji zai ba jie ji kang yang hua mei di gao cheng du jiao xie pian da ,biao ming gen ji dui yan jian xie pai fan ying zao ju min gan 。shi jia wai yuan shui yang suan di gao kang yang hua mei ji tong huo xing ,jiang di MDAhan liang ,dui jian xie pai xia de yan mai xiao guo jiao hao 。shi jia wai yuan 0.1 mmol/Lshui yang suan di gao kang yang hua mei huo xing cheng du jiao 0.05 mmol/Lshui yang suan di ,xiao guo jiao cha 。(3)yan jian xie pai xia ,tan shui hua ge wu ge cheng mei huo xing di gao ,zhuai hua mei huo xing jiang di ,‘meng yan yi hao ’ge cheng mei de di gao cheng du jiao ‘tai yang shen ’da ,yin er guang ge ge cheng de tan shui hua ge wu zai xie pian zhong ji lei 。yan jian xie pai dui gen ji tan shui hua ge wu ji lei de ying xiang xiao yu xie pian 。shi jia wai yuan 0.05 mmol/Lshui yang suan hou ,ge cheng mei huo xing xia jiang ,zhuai hua mei huo xing di gao ,you zhu yu tan shui hua ge wu ji shi yun zhuai chu qu ,di gao ji shen tou diao jie neng li ,jian shao sheng li shen tou shi shui 。gen ji zai ba jie ji shi jia shui yang suan xiao guo hao 。shi jia wai yuan 0.1 mmol/Lshui yang suan dui tang lei de jiang di he zhuai hua xiao guo cha 。(4)yan jian xie pai xia ,yan mai de gen gan chong he gen ti ji jun xia jiang 。yan xie pai xia gen ji huo li xian zhe di gao ,jian xie pai xia gen ji huo li xian zhe xia jiang 。ba jie ji gen ji huo li di gao cheng du jiao chou sui ji da ,biao ming zai jiao zao sheng chang shi ji kang xing jiang 。yan xie pai xia shi jia wai yuan shui yang suan (0.05mmol/L),yan mai gen ti ji he gen gan chong jun di gao ,you xiao huan jie sun hai ,wei chi le yi ding de gen ji huo li 。jian xie pai xia shi jia wai yuan shui yang suan (0.05 mmol/L),gen ji huo li 、gen ti ji he gen gan chong jun di gao ,biao ming jian xie pai dui yan mai ying xiang jiao da ,xu wei chi jiao gao gen ji huo li yi di kang xie pai 。
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论文作者分别是来自内蒙古师范大学的邵长安，发表于刊物内蒙古师范大学2019-07-11论文，是一篇关于燕麦论文,盐碱胁迫论文,水杨酸论文,生理响应论文,内蒙古师范大学2019-07-11论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自内蒙古师范大学2019-07-11论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：燕麦论文; 盐碱胁迫论文; 水杨酸论文; 生理响应论文; 内蒙古师范大学2019-07-11论文;