本文主要研究内容
作者李秋洁(2019)在《毛茛科白头翁属DNA条形码研究——基于分子和微形态证据》一文中研究指出:白头翁属隶属于毛茛科,广泛分布于北半球。该属全球约40种,我国分布有11种。该属植物多含有白头翁素而具有重要的药用价值,但属内形态特征复杂,利用传统分类方法较难鉴定。DNA条形码技术是一种利用DNA片段的物种内特异性和种间多样性,快速、自动地鉴别物种的方法。目前该技术的发展趋势是从通用条形码到叶绿体基因组“超级条形码”以及特定条形码。利用该技术快速有效地鉴别白头翁属植物具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。本研究选取了来自欧、亚、美洲的白头翁属19个代表性物种的52个个体,通过一代测序、二代测序和扫描电子显微观察等方法分别获得了白头翁属52个个体的4个通用条形码片段(ITS、mat K、rbc L、trn H-psb A)、7个个体的叶绿体基因组全长序列和8个物种的叶片微形态特征等数据;从评估通用条形码的物种鉴别能力、探究叶片微形态特征与条形码结合的分辨水平、叶绿体基因组比较及系统发育分析三个方面,筛选最佳条形码及条形码组合、验证叶片微形态特征作为辅助条形码的系统学意义并基于叶绿体基因组筛选白头翁属特定条形码,为白头翁属物种的快速鉴定提供参考,主要结果如下:1.白头翁属通用条形码评估:(1)扩增及测序成功率和序列特征:在白头翁属中ITS和trn H-psb A并未受变异位点或插入缺失影响,扩增及测序成功率高(100%);由于部分标本DNA降解严重,较长片段的rbc L和mat K扩增较困难,增加分段引物后扩增效率得到改善(扩增成功率96.15%);(2)遗传距离:ITS序列具有最大的种内和种间遗传距离,条形码组合rbc L+mat K+trn H-psb A的种间差异最适合用于物种鉴定;(3)序列相似性:单片段中ITS和trn H-psb A鉴定成功率最高(79.06%),条形码组合中ITS+mat K鉴定成功率最高(83.72%);(4)物种分辨率:物种分辨率较高的条形码组合是rbc L+trn H-psb A(70.73%)和rbc L+mat K+trn H-psb A(58.54%)。综上四个方面研究,推荐在白头翁属内,ITS为最佳单片段条形码,rbc L+mat K+trn H-psb A为最佳组合条形码。2.白头翁属物种鉴定:基于条形码片段ITS和条形码组合rbc L+mat K+trn H-psb A分别建立白头翁属的贝叶斯树,结果表明本研究所涉及的19个物种分为三个单系分支,与白头翁属经典分类系统的三个亚属Subg.Kostyzewianae、Subg.Preonanthus、Subg.Pulsatilla相对应;在亚属Subg.Pulsatilla内,多数相同物种的个体分别聚为单系支,但基于ITS树和mat K+rbc L+trn H-psb A系统树在拓扑结构上存在差异,推测白头翁属物种间可能存在杂交、不完全谱系分选或基因渐渗等情况;结合白头翁属Subg.Pulsatilla亚属物种的叶片微形态特征分析,发现叶表皮毛密度及长度、气孔密度及类型、叶表皮细胞纹饰等特征具有重要的系统学意义,可用于区分白头翁属部分近缘物种。3.白头翁属叶绿体基因组系统发育分析及特定条形码筛选:通过二代测序得到白头翁属7个物种的叶绿体基因组序列,并结合已发表的白头翁属4个物种叶绿体基因组序列,构建系统发育树。结果表明,这11个物种被分为三支并且具有极高的支持率,证明叶绿体基因组或可作为白头翁属物种鉴定的超级条形码。通过叶绿体基因组序列变异位点滑窗分析,发现变异热点在非编码区有rps16-mat K、rps4-rps16、ndh C-trn V、psb E-pet L、ndh D-ccs A、ccs A-ndh F,在编码区有ndh F、ycf1,共8个片段;并对其进行序列特征分析和系统发育分析,发现其变异介于ITS与叶绿体通用条形码组合之间,可作为白头翁属候选特定条形码,其具体的物种分辨能力还需要进一步评估。
Abstract
bai tou weng shu li shu yu mao gen ke ,an fan fen bu yu bei ban qiu 。gai shu quan qiu yao 40chong ,wo guo fen bu you 11chong 。gai shu zhi wu duo han you bai tou weng su er ju you chong yao de yao yong jia zhi ,dan shu nei xing tai te zheng fu za ,li yong chuan tong fen lei fang fa jiao nan jian ding 。DNAtiao xing ma ji shu shi yi chong li yong DNApian duan de wu chong nei te yi xing he chong jian duo yang xing ,kuai su 、zi dong de jian bie wu chong de fang fa 。mu qian gai ji shu de fa zhan qu shi shi cong tong yong tiao xing ma dao xie lu ti ji yin zu “chao ji tiao xing ma ”yi ji te ding tiao xing ma 。li yong gai ji shu kuai su you xiao de jian bie bai tou weng shu zhi wu ju you chong yao de li lun yi yi he ying yong jia zhi 。ben yan jiu shua qu le lai zi ou 、ya 、mei zhou de bai tou weng shu 19ge dai biao xing wu chong de 52ge ge ti ,tong guo yi dai ce xu 、er dai ce xu he sao miao dian zi xian wei guan cha deng fang fa fen bie huo de le bai tou weng shu 52ge ge ti de 4ge tong yong tiao xing ma pian duan (ITS、mat K、rbc L、trn H-psb A)、7ge ge ti de xie lu ti ji yin zu quan chang xu lie he 8ge wu chong de xie pian wei xing tai te zheng deng shu ju ;cong ping gu tong yong tiao xing ma de wu chong jian bie neng li 、tan jiu xie pian wei xing tai te zheng yu tiao xing ma jie ge de fen bian shui ping 、xie lu ti ji yin zu bi jiao ji ji tong fa yo fen xi san ge fang mian ,shai shua zui jia tiao xing ma ji tiao xing ma zu ge 、yan zheng xie pian wei xing tai te zheng zuo wei fu zhu tiao xing ma de ji tong xue yi yi bing ji yu xie lu ti ji yin zu shai shua bai tou weng shu te ding tiao xing ma ,wei bai tou weng shu wu chong de kuai su jian ding di gong can kao ,zhu yao jie guo ru xia :1.bai tou weng shu tong yong tiao xing ma ping gu :(1)kuo zeng ji ce xu cheng gong lv he xu lie te zheng :zai bai tou weng shu zhong ITShe trn H-psb Abing wei shou bian yi wei dian huo cha ru que shi ying xiang ,kuo zeng ji ce xu cheng gong lv gao (100%);you yu bu fen biao ben DNAjiang jie yan chong ,jiao chang pian duan de rbc Lhe mat Kkuo zeng jiao kun nan ,zeng jia fen duan yin wu hou kuo zeng xiao lv de dao gai shan (kuo zeng cheng gong lv 96.15%);(2)wei chuan ju li :ITSxu lie ju you zui da de chong nei he chong jian wei chuan ju li ,tiao xing ma zu ge rbc L+mat K+trn H-psb Ade chong jian cha yi zui kuo ge yong yu wu chong jian ding ;(3)xu lie xiang shi xing :chan pian duan zhong ITShe trn H-psb Ajian ding cheng gong lv zui gao (79.06%),tiao xing ma zu ge zhong ITS+mat Kjian ding cheng gong lv zui gao (83.72%);(4)wu chong fen bian lv :wu chong fen bian lv jiao gao de tiao xing ma zu ge shi rbc L+trn H-psb A(70.73%)he rbc L+mat K+trn H-psb A(58.54%)。zeng shang si ge fang mian yan jiu ,tui jian zai bai tou weng shu nei ,ITSwei zui jia chan pian duan tiao xing ma ,rbc L+mat K+trn H-psb Awei zui jia zu ge tiao xing ma 。2.bai tou weng shu wu chong jian ding :ji yu tiao xing ma pian duan ITShe tiao xing ma zu ge rbc L+mat K+trn H-psb Afen bie jian li bai tou weng shu de bei xie si shu ,jie guo biao ming ben yan jiu suo she ji de 19ge wu chong fen wei san ge chan ji fen zhi ,yu bai tou weng shu jing dian fen lei ji tong de san ge ya shu Subg.Kostyzewianae、Subg.Preonanthus、Subg.Pulsatillaxiang dui ying ;zai ya shu Subg.Pulsatillanei ,duo shu xiang tong wu chong de ge ti fen bie ju wei chan ji zhi ,dan ji yu ITSshu he mat K+rbc L+trn H-psb Aji tong shu zai ta pu jie gou shang cun zai cha yi ,tui ce bai tou weng shu wu chong jian ke neng cun zai za jiao 、bu wan quan pu ji fen shua huo ji yin jian shen deng qing kuang ;jie ge bai tou weng shu Subg.Pulsatillaya shu wu chong de xie pian wei xing tai te zheng fen xi ,fa xian xie biao pi mao mi du ji chang du 、qi kong mi du ji lei xing 、xie biao pi xi bao wen shi deng te zheng ju you chong yao de ji tong xue yi yi ,ke yong yu ou fen bai tou weng shu bu fen jin yuan wu chong 。3.bai tou weng shu xie lu ti ji yin zu ji tong fa yo fen xi ji te ding tiao xing ma shai shua :tong guo er dai ce xu de dao bai tou weng shu 7ge wu chong de xie lu ti ji yin zu xu lie ,bing jie ge yi fa biao de bai tou weng shu 4ge wu chong xie lu ti ji yin zu xu lie ,gou jian ji tong fa yo shu 。jie guo biao ming ,zhe 11ge wu chong bei fen wei san zhi bing ju ju you ji gao de zhi chi lv ,zheng ming xie lu ti ji yin zu huo ke zuo wei bai tou weng shu wu chong jian ding de chao ji tiao xing ma 。tong guo xie lu ti ji yin zu xu lie bian yi wei dian hua chuang fen xi ,fa xian bian yi re dian zai fei bian ma ou you rps16-mat K、rps4-rps16、ndh C-trn V、psb E-pet L、ndh D-ccs A、ccs A-ndh F,zai bian ma ou you ndh F、ycf1,gong 8ge pian duan ;bing dui ji jin hang xu lie te zheng fen xi he ji tong fa yo fen xi ,fa xian ji bian yi jie yu ITSyu xie lu ti tong yong tiao xing ma zu ge zhi jian ,ke zuo wei bai tou weng shu hou shua te ding tiao xing ma ,ji ju ti de wu chong fen bian neng li hai xu yao jin yi bu ping gu 。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自西北农林科技大学的李秋洁,发表于刊物西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文,是一篇关于条形码论文,叶绿体基因组论文,白头翁属论文,叶片微形态论文,物种鉴定论文,西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:条形码论文; 叶绿体基因组论文; 白头翁属论文; 叶片微形态论文; 物种鉴定论文; 西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文;