本文主要研究内容
作者冯兰天（2019）在《硅基集成量子光学芯片实验研究》一文中研究指出：量子信息科学的产生和发展向我们呈现出了一幅完全不同并近乎完美的画面,例如,绝对安全的通信,信息的隐形传输以及指数级增长的计算能力。这种美好促使着数十年来科研工作者们前赴后继,并在不同的量子系统中去阐述和开发量子科技。光量子系统,以其对环境噪声的完美免疫和高保真度的单量子比特调控,在量子信息传输和处理中一直占据着重要地位。复杂光学系统的实现需囊括数以万计基本元件,考虑到量子器件的可扩展性,稳定性和小型化等问题,我们需要引入波导集成技术。硅材料,以其便宜,易加工,并能够密集集成等优势,在微电子学芯片中处于核心地位。同样在光信息科学上,硅材料凭借着成熟的加工工艺,以及硅波导对光信号的强束缚能力和较高的非线性系数,硅基光量子芯片在近几年也取得了快速发展。齐全的集成光学系统除了功能性的量子集成光学芯片之外,还需要实现芯片-光纤间的耦合,片上量子态调控以及量子信号测试和处理等。本论文致力于这样一套齐全的硅基量子光学集成芯片系统的研发设计和实验测量,主要包括两个方面,一方面是实现片上光量子态的传输和调控,另一方面是基于硅波导的非线性光学相互作用,制备新型量子纠缠光源。具体的研究内容包括:(1)根据波导体系的特性,我们引入波导模式来编码信息。该编码方式可缩小器件的尺寸,并能够扩展到高维编码,适用于片上高维量子信息的研究。通过模式(解)复用器和偏振转换器两种结构,我们实现了量子信息在路径,波导模式和偏振三种自由度间的调控和相干转换。单光子和双光子干涉的高可见度证实了在转换过程中量子相干性的保持。实验结果向大家展示了我们可以同时在芯片上控制和切换多种自由度用于光量子信息处理过程,提高了片上处理复杂光量子态的能力。(2)同样是运用波导模式来编码,我们通过设计并制备新型结构部分模式分束器和能量衰减器来实现片上波导模式CNOT门(Control-NOT gate,控制非门)。CNOT门是量子器件中最基本的多比特门结构,其和单比特门组成了一组普适量子门集合。两个由PPKTP(Periodically Poled Potassium Titanyl Phosphate,周期极化磷酸氧钛钾)晶体制备的全同光子,通过光栅耦合器输入芯片。在芯片上我们通过路径编码来实现任意单量子比特态的制备,并通过模式复用器将编码方式转换为波导模式编码。在经过模式CNOT门操作之后,又用模式解复用器将编码方式转为路径,在路径编码下实现任意双比特态的测量过程。CNOT门操作能将两个分离量子比特纠缠起来,从而来实现片上波导模式任意Bell纠缠态的制备。整个门结构的尺寸约为125×8μm2。(3)同时为了展示硅芯片的大范围集成能力和良好的稳定性,我们实验研究了片上受限区域中多步离散量子行走的过程。样品结构由级联MZ(Mach-Zehnder,马赫-增德尔)干涉仪构成,实验中以先验单光子作为行走者,使用的量子光源仍为自由空间中制备的双光子源。实验结果展示出了不同于无限区域条件下量子行走的现象。作为新兴的量子算法,量子行走特别适合在光学系统中实现和展示,并具有长远的应用价值。上述实验中,我们展示了如何在芯片上实现量子态的调控,使用的量子光源是通过非线性晶体的自发参量下转换过程得到的。考虑到硅波导本身就具有很高的三阶非线性系数,为了进一步提高系统的集成度,我们研究通过其中的非线性过程来制备多种量子纠缠光源。(1)基于一根1cm长硅波导中的自发四波混频效应,我们研究了硅材料用于制备多光子量子态的情况,通过搭建空间Sagnac环制备了偏振编码的四光子态。同时,考虑到单一波长泵浦时,产生关联光子对频率不一致,难以用于量子干涉的情况,我们引入双泵浦技术,调节输入两束脉冲光,实现了简并双光子纠缠态和多光子纠缠态的制备。该简并多光子制备技术可进一步应用于量子算法等需要多光子干涉的情形。(2)为进一步提高光量子系统的集成度,需要在芯片上直接实现对泵浦激光的调制和纠缠光源的制备。我们实验展示了片上波导模式纠缠光源的制备,泵浦激光通过光栅耦合器输入芯片后,由分束器一分为二,在一根3mm长的多模波导中的非线性相互作用可直接制备波导模式编码的双光子纠缠源。大型集成量子光学回路需要涵盖量子光源,片上滤波,量子态调控等基本构件.我们已在光学芯片系统的研发设计和实验测量方向取得了一系列进展,目前已基本具备了处理大型量子光学回路的能力。伴随着系统的更新和升级,更大尺度以及更有意义的量子功能将会被实验演示和验证。
Abstract
liang zi xin xi ke xue de chan sheng he fa zhan xiang wo men cheng xian chu le yi fu wan quan bu tong bing jin hu wan mei de hua mian ,li ru ,jue dui an quan de tong xin ,xin xi de yin xing chuan shu yi ji zhi shu ji zeng chang de ji suan neng li 。zhe chong mei hao cu shi zhao shu shi nian lai ke yan gong zuo zhe men qian fu hou ji ,bing zai bu tong de liang zi ji tong zhong qu chan shu he kai fa liang zi ke ji 。guang liang zi ji tong ,yi ji dui huan jing zao sheng de wan mei mian yi he gao bao zhen du de chan liang zi bi te diao kong ,zai liang zi xin xi chuan shu he chu li zhong yi zhi zhan ju zhao chong yao de wei 。fu za guang xue ji tong de shi xian xu nang gua shu yi mo ji ji ben yuan jian ,kao lv dao liang zi qi jian de ke kuo zhan xing ,wen ding xing he xiao xing hua deng wen ti ,wo men xu yao yin ru bo dao ji cheng ji shu 。gui cai liao ,yi ji bian yi ,yi jia gong ,bing neng gou mi ji ji cheng deng you shi ,zai wei dian zi xue xin pian zhong chu yu he xin de wei 。tong yang zai guang xin xi ke xue shang ,gui cai liao ping jie zhao cheng shou de jia gong gong yi ,yi ji gui bo dao dui guang xin hao de jiang shu fu neng li he jiao gao de fei xian xing ji shu ,gui ji guang liang zi xin pian zai jin ji nian ye qu de le kuai su fa zhan 。ji quan de ji cheng guang xue ji tong chu le gong neng xing de liang zi ji cheng guang xue xin pian zhi wai ,hai xu yao shi xian xin pian -guang qian jian de ou ge ,pian shang liang zi tai diao kong yi ji liang zi xin hao ce shi he chu li deng 。ben lun wen zhi li yu zhe yang yi tao ji quan de gui ji liang zi guang xue ji cheng xin pian ji tong de yan fa she ji he shi yan ce liang ,zhu yao bao gua liang ge fang mian ,yi fang mian shi shi xian pian shang guang liang zi tai de chuan shu he diao kong ,ling yi fang mian shi ji yu gui bo dao de fei xian xing guang xue xiang hu zuo yong ,zhi bei xin xing liang zi jiu chan guang yuan 。ju ti de yan jiu nei rong bao gua :(1)gen ju bo dao ti ji de te xing ,wo men yin ru bo dao mo shi lai bian ma xin xi 。gai bian ma fang shi ke su xiao qi jian de che cun ,bing neng gou kuo zhan dao gao wei bian ma ,kuo yong yu pian shang gao wei liang zi xin xi de yan jiu 。tong guo mo shi (jie )fu yong qi he pian zhen zhuai huan qi liang chong jie gou ,wo men shi xian le liang zi xin xi zai lu jing ,bo dao mo shi he pian zhen san chong zi you du jian de diao kong he xiang gan zhuai huan 。chan guang zi he shuang guang zi gan she de gao ke jian du zheng shi le zai zhuai huan guo cheng zhong liang zi xiang gan xing de bao chi 。shi yan jie guo xiang da jia zhan shi le wo men ke yi tong shi zai xin pian shang kong zhi he qie huan duo chong zi you du yong yu guang liang zi xin xi chu li guo cheng ,di gao le pian shang chu li fu za guang liang zi tai de neng li 。(2)tong yang shi yun yong bo dao mo shi lai bian ma ,wo men tong guo she ji bing zhi bei xin xing jie gou bu fen mo shi fen shu qi he neng liang cui jian qi lai shi xian pian shang bo dao mo shi CNOTmen (Control-NOT gate,kong zhi fei men )。CNOTmen shi liang zi qi jian zhong zui ji ben de duo bi te men jie gou ,ji he chan bi te men zu cheng le yi zu pu kuo liang zi men ji ge 。liang ge you PPKTP(Periodically Poled Potassium Titanyl Phosphate,zhou ji ji hua lin suan yang tai jia )jing ti zhi bei de quan tong guang zi ,tong guo guang shan ou ge qi shu ru xin pian 。zai xin pian shang wo men tong guo lu jing bian ma lai shi xian ren yi chan liang zi bi te tai de zhi bei ,bing tong guo mo shi fu yong qi jiang bian ma fang shi zhuai huan wei bo dao mo shi bian ma 。zai jing guo mo shi CNOTmen cao zuo zhi hou ,you yong mo shi jie fu yong qi jiang bian ma fang shi zhuai wei lu jing ,zai lu jing bian ma xia shi xian ren yi shuang bi te tai de ce liang guo cheng 。CNOTmen cao zuo neng jiang liang ge fen li liang zi bi te jiu chan qi lai ,cong er lai shi xian pian shang bo dao mo shi ren yi Belljiu chan tai de zhi bei 。zheng ge men jie gou de che cun yao wei 125×8μm2。(3)tong shi wei le zhan shi gui xin pian de da fan wei ji cheng neng li he liang hao de wen ding xing ,wo men shi yan yan jiu le pian shang shou xian ou yu zhong duo bu li san liang zi hang zou de guo cheng 。yang pin jie gou you ji lian MZ(Mach-Zehnder,ma he -zeng de er )gan she yi gou cheng ,shi yan zhong yi xian yan chan guang zi zuo wei hang zou zhe ,shi yong de liang zi guang yuan reng wei zi you kong jian zhong zhi bei de shuang guang zi yuan 。shi yan jie guo zhan shi chu le bu tong yu mo xian ou yu tiao jian xia liang zi hang zou de xian xiang 。zuo wei xin xing de liang zi suan fa ,liang zi hang zou te bie kuo ge zai guang xue ji tong zhong shi xian he zhan shi ,bing ju you chang yuan de ying yong jia zhi 。shang shu shi yan zhong ,wo men zhan shi le ru he zai xin pian shang shi xian liang zi tai de diao kong ,shi yong de liang zi guang yuan shi tong guo fei xian xing jing ti de zi fa can liang xia zhuai huan guo cheng de dao de 。kao lv dao gui bo dao ben shen jiu ju you hen gao de san jie fei xian xing ji shu ,wei le jin yi bu di gao ji tong de ji cheng du ,wo men yan jiu tong guo ji zhong de fei xian xing guo cheng lai zhi bei duo chong liang zi jiu chan guang yuan 。(1)ji yu yi gen 1cmchang gui bo dao zhong de zi fa si bo hun pin xiao ying ,wo men yan jiu le gui cai liao yong yu zhi bei duo guang zi liang zi tai de qing kuang ,tong guo da jian kong jian Sagnachuan zhi bei le pian zhen bian ma de si guang zi tai 。tong shi ,kao lv dao chan yi bo chang beng pu shi ,chan sheng guan lian guang zi dui pin lv bu yi zhi ,nan yi yong yu liang zi gan she de qing kuang ,wo men yin ru shuang beng pu ji shu ,diao jie shu ru liang shu mai chong guang ,shi xian le jian bing shuang guang zi jiu chan tai he duo guang zi jiu chan tai de zhi bei 。gai jian bing duo guang zi zhi bei ji shu ke jin yi bu ying yong yu liang zi suan fa deng xu yao duo guang zi gan she de qing xing 。(2)wei jin yi bu di gao guang liang zi ji tong de ji cheng du ,xu yao zai xin pian shang zhi jie shi xian dui beng pu ji guang de diao zhi he jiu chan guang yuan de zhi bei 。wo men shi yan zhan shi le pian shang bo dao mo shi jiu chan guang yuan de zhi bei ,beng pu ji guang tong guo guang shan ou ge qi shu ru xin pian hou ,you fen shu qi yi fen wei er ,zai yi gen 3mmchang de duo mo bo dao zhong de fei xian xing xiang hu zuo yong ke zhi jie zhi bei bo dao mo shi bian ma de shuang guang zi jiu chan yuan 。da xing ji cheng liang zi guang xue hui lu xu yao han gai liang zi guang yuan ,pian shang lv bo ,liang zi tai diao kong deng ji ben gou jian .wo men yi zai guang xue xin pian ji tong de yan fa she ji he shi yan ce liang fang xiang qu de le yi ji lie jin zhan ,mu qian yi ji ben ju bei le chu li da xing liang zi guang xue hui lu de neng li 。ban sui zhao ji tong de geng xin he sheng ji ,geng da che du yi ji geng you yi yi de liang zi gong neng jiang hui bei shi yan yan shi he yan zheng 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自中国科学技术大学的冯兰天，发表于刊物中国科学技术大学2019-07-12论文，是一篇关于量子信息论文,量子集成光学芯片论文,硅波导论文,多光子纠缠论文,波导模式论文,非线性光学论文,量子门论文,量子行走论文,中国科学技术大学2019-07-12论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自中国科学技术大学2019-07-12论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：量子信息论文; 量子集成光学芯片论文; 硅波导论文; 多光子纠缠论文; 波导模式论文; 非线性光学论文; 量子门论文; 量子行走论文; 中国科学技术大学2019-07-12论文;