本文主要研究内容
作者江浩（2019）在《腐植酸钠与黄腐酸铵对土壤中锌、铅、镉、镍形态及土壤酶的影响》一文中研究指出：重金属污染不仅破坏了土壤的质量和肥力,尤其因其毒性、生物累积性和不可生物降解性而对人类具有潜在危害。目前,重金属污染土壤的修复和安全利用,已是全世界农业和环境领域亟待解决的关键问题。腐植酸对重金属离子有强烈的络合及吸附作用,降低重金属水溶态和可交换态含量,并增强重金属的稳定性。当前腐植酸在土壤重金属污染方面的主要研究方向是利用腐植酸或改性腐植酸对受重金属污染的土壤进行改良。本文以两种腐植酸肥料(腐植酸钠和黄腐酸铵)为材料,以盆栽试验为手段,研究腐植酸类肥料对Zn、Pb、Ni、Cd污染土壤中重金属形态、小白菜吸收重金属及土壤酶活性的影响。主要研究结果如下:(1)施用不同添加量的腐植酸钠可以显著降低土壤中Zn的弱酸提取态含量,显著增加残渣态含量,施用不同添加量的黄腐酸铵虽然可以降低土壤中Zn的弱酸提取态含量,增加残渣态含量,但是影响不显著。施用不同添加量的腐植酸钠或黄腐酸铵可以明显降低土壤中Pb的弱酸提取态含量,明显增加残渣态含量。综合比较,在腐植酸钠添加量为0.6 g/kg-0.8 g/kg时对Pb的钝化效果最好,黄腐酸铵添加量为0.8 g/kg时钝化效果最好。施用不同添加量的腐植酸钠或黄腐酸铵可以降低土壤中Ni的弱酸提取态和可还原态含量。对于残渣态含量,随着腐植酸钠与黄腐酸铵的添加量的增加先升高后降低,在腐植酸钠添加量为0.6 g/kg-0.8 g/kg时,黄腐酸铵添加量为0.6 g/kg时,钝化效果最好。施用不同添加量的腐植酸钠可以显著降低土壤中Cd的弱酸提取态含量,显著增加残渣态含量,对可还原态和可氧化态的含量影响不大;施用不同添加量的黄腐酸铵可以小幅度降低土壤中Cd的弱酸提取态含量,显著降低可还原态的含量,显著增加可氧化态和残渣态的含量,综合比较,在腐植酸钠添加量为0.8 g/kg时,黄腐酸铵添加量为0.6g/kg时,钝化效果最好。(2)施用不同量的腐植酸钠可以抑制小白菜对Zn、Ni的吸收,施用不同量黄腐酸铵对小白菜体内Zn、Ni含量影响不显著;施用不同添加量的腐植酸钠或黄腐酸铵可以明显抑制小白菜对Pb吸收,在添加量为0.8 g/kg时,抑制作用最好;施用不同添加量的腐植酸钠和黄腐酸铵可以明显抑制小白菜对Cd的吸收,在添加量为0.8 g/kg时,抑制作用最好。(3)在受Zn单一污染的土壤中施用不同量的腐植酸钠或黄腐酸铵可促进土壤中脲酶的活性,在腐植酸钠或黄腐酸铵添加量0.8 g/kg时脲酶活性最高;在受Pb单一污染的土壤中分别施用不同添加量的腐植酸钠或黄腐酸铵均可促进土壤中脲酶的活性,在腐植酸钠或黄腐酸铵添加量为0.6 g/kg时脲酶活性最大;在受Ni单一污染的土壤中分别施用不同添加量的腐植酸钠或黄腐酸铵对脲酶活性无显著影响;在受Cd单一污染的土壤中施用不同添加量的腐植酸钠可增强土壤中脲酶的活性,并且脲酶活性随着添加量的增加有升高的趋势。在受Cd单一污染的土壤中施用不同添加量黄腐酸铵可促进土壤中脲酶的活性,在添加量为0.8 g/kg时脲酶活性最大。在受Zn、Ni单一污染的土壤中施用不同添加量的腐植酸钠均可促进土壤中蔗糖酶的活性,变化不显著,但是在受Zn、Ni单一污染的土壤中分别施用0.8 g/kg和1.0 g/kg的黄腐酸铵对土壤蔗糖酶有显著提高作用;受Pb单一污染的土壤中施用不同添加量的腐植酸钠或黄腐酸铵均可促进土壤中蔗糖酶的活性,在腐植酸钠添加量为0.6 g/kg,黄腐酸铵添加量为0.8 g/kg时活性最大;在受Cd单一污染的土壤中施用不同添加量的腐植酸钠或黄腐酸铵均可促进土壤中蔗糖酶的活性,在腐植酸钠添加量为0.8 g/kg,黄腐酸铵添加量为0.6 g/kg时,蔗糖酶活性最大。在受Zn单一污染的土壤中施用不同添加量的腐植酸钠或黄腐酸铵均可促进土壤中碱性磷酸酶的活性,在添加量为分别为0.6 g/kg和0.8 g/kg时达到最大值;受Pb、Ni单一污染的土壤中施用不同添加量的腐植酸钠或黄腐酸铵均可促进土壤中碱性磷酸酶的活性,在腐植酸钠或黄腐酸铵添加量为1.0 g/kg时碱性磷酸酶活性达到最大值;在受Cd单一污染的土壤中施用不同添加量的腐植酸钠或黄腐酸铵均可促进土壤中碱性磷酸酶的活性,但是变化不显著。综上所述,在受Zn、Pb、Cd、Ni污染的土壤中,施用不同量的腐殖酸钠或黄腐酸铵均可以对重金属起到不同的钝化效果,同时可以减少小白菜对重金属的吸收,提高土壤酶活性的作用。但是对不同的重金属,效果有较大差异,因此,在两种肥料的实际应用过程中,应该根据不同的重金属污染选择施用不同种类及不同量的肥料。
Abstract
chong jin shu wu ran bu jin po huai le tu rang de zhi liang he fei li ,you ji yin ji du xing 、sheng wu lei ji xing he bu ke sheng wu jiang jie xing er dui ren lei ju you qian zai wei hai 。mu qian ,chong jin shu wu ran tu rang de xiu fu he an quan li yong ,yi shi quan shi jie nong ye he huan jing ling yu ji dai jie jue de guan jian wen ti 。fu zhi suan dui chong jin shu li zi you jiang lie de lao ge ji xi fu zuo yong ,jiang di chong jin shu shui rong tai he ke jiao huan tai han liang ,bing zeng jiang chong jin shu de wen ding xing 。dang qian fu zhi suan zai tu rang chong jin shu wu ran fang mian de zhu yao yan jiu fang xiang shi li yong fu zhi suan huo gai xing fu zhi suan dui shou chong jin shu wu ran de tu rang jin hang gai liang 。ben wen yi liang chong fu zhi suan fei liao (fu zhi suan na he huang fu suan an )wei cai liao ,yi pen zai shi yan wei shou duan ,yan jiu fu zhi suan lei fei liao dui Zn、Pb、Ni、Cdwu ran tu rang zhong chong jin shu xing tai 、xiao bai cai xi shou chong jin shu ji tu rang mei huo xing de ying xiang 。zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :(1)shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de fu zhi suan na ke yi xian zhe jiang di tu rang zhong Znde ruo suan di qu tai han liang ,xian zhe zeng jia can zha tai han liang ,shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de huang fu suan an sui ran ke yi jiang di tu rang zhong Znde ruo suan di qu tai han liang ,zeng jia can zha tai han liang ,dan shi ying xiang bu xian zhe 。shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de fu zhi suan na huo huang fu suan an ke yi ming xian jiang di tu rang zhong Pbde ruo suan di qu tai han liang ,ming xian zeng jia can zha tai han liang 。zeng ge bi jiao ,zai fu zhi suan na tian jia liang wei 0.6 g/kg-0.8 g/kgshi dui Pbde dun hua xiao guo zui hao ,huang fu suan an tian jia liang wei 0.8 g/kgshi dun hua xiao guo zui hao 。shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de fu zhi suan na huo huang fu suan an ke yi jiang di tu rang zhong Nide ruo suan di qu tai he ke hai yuan tai han liang 。dui yu can zha tai han liang ,sui zhao fu zhi suan na yu huang fu suan an de tian jia liang de zeng jia xian sheng gao hou jiang di ,zai fu zhi suan na tian jia liang wei 0.6 g/kg-0.8 g/kgshi ,huang fu suan an tian jia liang wei 0.6 g/kgshi ,dun hua xiao guo zui hao 。shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de fu zhi suan na ke yi xian zhe jiang di tu rang zhong Cdde ruo suan di qu tai han liang ,xian zhe zeng jia can zha tai han liang ,dui ke hai yuan tai he ke yang hua tai de han liang ying xiang bu da ;shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de huang fu suan an ke yi xiao fu du jiang di tu rang zhong Cdde ruo suan di qu tai han liang ,xian zhe jiang di ke hai yuan tai de han liang ,xian zhe zeng jia ke yang hua tai he can zha tai de han liang ,zeng ge bi jiao ,zai fu zhi suan na tian jia liang wei 0.8 g/kgshi ,huang fu suan an tian jia liang wei 0.6g/kgshi ,dun hua xiao guo zui hao 。(2)shi yong bu tong liang de fu zhi suan na ke yi yi zhi xiao bai cai dui Zn、Nide xi shou ,shi yong bu tong liang huang fu suan an dui xiao bai cai ti nei Zn、Nihan liang ying xiang bu xian zhe ;shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de fu zhi suan na huo huang fu suan an ke yi ming xian yi zhi xiao bai cai dui Pbxi shou ,zai tian jia liang wei 0.8 g/kgshi ,yi zhi zuo yong zui hao ;shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de fu zhi suan na he huang fu suan an ke yi ming xian yi zhi xiao bai cai dui Cdde xi shou ,zai tian jia liang wei 0.8 g/kgshi ,yi zhi zuo yong zui hao 。(3)zai shou Znchan yi wu ran de tu rang zhong shi yong bu tong liang de fu zhi suan na huo huang fu suan an ke cu jin tu rang zhong niao mei de huo xing ,zai fu zhi suan na huo huang fu suan an tian jia liang 0.8 g/kgshi niao mei huo xing zui gao ;zai shou Pbchan yi wu ran de tu rang zhong fen bie shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de fu zhi suan na huo huang fu suan an jun ke cu jin tu rang zhong niao mei de huo xing ,zai fu zhi suan na huo huang fu suan an tian jia liang wei 0.6 g/kgshi niao mei huo xing zui da ;zai shou Nichan yi wu ran de tu rang zhong fen bie shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de fu zhi suan na huo huang fu suan an dui niao mei huo xing mo xian zhe ying xiang ;zai shou Cdchan yi wu ran de tu rang zhong shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de fu zhi suan na ke zeng jiang tu rang zhong niao mei de huo xing ,bing ju niao mei huo xing sui zhao tian jia liang de zeng jia you sheng gao de qu shi 。zai shou Cdchan yi wu ran de tu rang zhong shi yong bu tong tian jia liang huang fu suan an ke cu jin tu rang zhong niao mei de huo xing ,zai tian jia liang wei 0.8 g/kgshi niao mei huo xing zui da 。zai shou Zn、Nichan yi wu ran de tu rang zhong shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de fu zhi suan na jun ke cu jin tu rang zhong zhe tang mei de huo xing ,bian hua bu xian zhe ,dan shi zai shou Zn、Nichan yi wu ran de tu rang zhong fen bie shi yong 0.8 g/kghe 1.0 g/kgde huang fu suan an dui tu rang zhe tang mei you xian zhe di gao zuo yong ;shou Pbchan yi wu ran de tu rang zhong shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de fu zhi suan na huo huang fu suan an jun ke cu jin tu rang zhong zhe tang mei de huo xing ,zai fu zhi suan na tian jia liang wei 0.6 g/kg,huang fu suan an tian jia liang wei 0.8 g/kgshi huo xing zui da ;zai shou Cdchan yi wu ran de tu rang zhong shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de fu zhi suan na huo huang fu suan an jun ke cu jin tu rang zhong zhe tang mei de huo xing ,zai fu zhi suan na tian jia liang wei 0.8 g/kg,huang fu suan an tian jia liang wei 0.6 g/kgshi ,zhe tang mei huo xing zui da 。zai shou Znchan yi wu ran de tu rang zhong shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de fu zhi suan na huo huang fu suan an jun ke cu jin tu rang zhong jian xing lin suan mei de huo xing ,zai tian jia liang wei fen bie wei 0.6 g/kghe 0.8 g/kgshi da dao zui da zhi ;shou Pb、Nichan yi wu ran de tu rang zhong shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de fu zhi suan na huo huang fu suan an jun ke cu jin tu rang zhong jian xing lin suan mei de huo xing ,zai fu zhi suan na huo huang fu suan an tian jia liang wei 1.0 g/kgshi jian xing lin suan mei huo xing da dao zui da zhi ;zai shou Cdchan yi wu ran de tu rang zhong shi yong bu tong tian jia liang de fu zhi suan na huo huang fu suan an jun ke cu jin tu rang zhong jian xing lin suan mei de huo xing ,dan shi bian hua bu xian zhe 。zeng shang suo shu ,zai shou Zn、Pb、Cd、Niwu ran de tu rang zhong ,shi yong bu tong liang de fu shi suan na huo huang fu suan an jun ke yi dui chong jin shu qi dao bu tong de dun hua xiao guo ,tong shi ke yi jian shao xiao bai cai dui chong jin shu de xi shou ,di gao tu rang mei huo xing de zuo yong 。dan shi dui bu tong de chong jin shu ,xiao guo you jiao da cha yi ,yin ci ,zai liang chong fei liao de shi ji ying yong guo cheng zhong ,ying gai gen ju bu tong de chong jin shu wu ran shua ze shi yong bu tong chong lei ji bu tong liang de fei liao 。
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论文作者分别是来自山东农业大学的江浩，发表于刊物山东农业大学2019-07-05论文，是一篇关于重金属形态论文,腐植酸钠论文,黄腐酸铵论文,土壤酶活性论文,山东农业大学2019-07-05论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自山东农业大学2019-07-05论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：重金属形态论文; 腐植酸钠论文; 黄腐酸铵论文; 土壤酶活性论文; 山东农业大学2019-07-05论文;