本文主要研究内容
作者桑文军（2019）在《热带对流层顶区域影响低平流层水汽的主要物理过程研究》一文中研究指出：热带对流层顶是对流层空气进入平流层的主要源区,因此成为全球平流层对流层物质交换过程的关键区域。研究热带对流层顶的物理过程对于我们深入了解平流层对流层交换具有重要科学意义。本论文结合英国气象局大涡模式LEM和美国大气环境研究中心的WRF模式,以及多种探空资料、再分析资料和卫星资料,模拟研究了热带深对流活动在对流层顶区域触发的物理过程以及深对流影响低平流层水汽的物理机制,定量化分析了大气环境因子影响深对流对低平流层水汽贡献的程度,分析了热带对流层顶垂直风切变对低平流层水汽的影响,探讨了对流层顶冰面过饱和现象产生的原因。主要得到以下结论:1、高分辨率的大涡模式能较好地模拟热带穿透性深对流在热带对流层顶区域触发的小尺度物理过程,深对流首先将对流层低层的冰晶粒子输送至对流层顶附近,一部分冰晶粒子可以跨越390 K等熵面被直接输送进入至低平流层,还有一部分冰晶粒子可以通过对流层顶的湍流混合作用进入到低平流层,在对流层顶附近由对流重力波造成的空气块的下沉增温作用使得这些冰晶升华转化为水汽,当重力波破碎后,等熵面开始恢复,这部分水汽随着等熵面的恢复完全进入到低平流层中从而对低平流层起到增湿的作用。整个模拟时间段内低平流层区域水汽混合比表现为持续增加的特征,此次个例中由深对流造成低平流层水汽增加约0.13 ppmv,增加的水汽分为两部分:前一部分的水汽是由深对流直接输送进入到低平流层的冰晶升华转化的水汽;后一部分的水汽增加是由湍流混合作用造成小尺度的冰晶粒子进入低平流层升华产生的。2、所有改变对流强度的敏感性试验中冰云顶高度呈现两个峰值结构:第一个峰值是由深对流上冲云顶第一次到达对流层顶附近时形成的;第二个峰值是重力波破碎过程造成冰晶和水汽进入到低平流层中形成的羽卷云向上传输造成的。对流强度越大,由深对流输送至低平流层的冰晶越多,深对流造成的低平流层水汽增加的也越多。改变对流层顶垂直风切变对水汽和冰晶的向上输送作用有明显影响,较大的对流层顶垂直风切变试验中,低平流层增加的冰晶和水汽较少,对流层顶垂直风切变较小的试验中,低平流层增加的冰晶和水汽较多。改变对流层顶温度对水汽和冰晶的向上输送作用也有显著影响,对流云将大量冰晶粒子输送至对流层顶附近时,对流层顶温度造成冰晶粒子的升华作用加强,使得进入低平流层的水汽增多,并且这其中由温度变化造成的湍流活动的变化影响较小。3、1979-2016年热带地区（30°S—30°N）剔除了季节变化以及线性趋势的100 hPa水汽异常和对流层顶风切变异常呈现较好的反相关。对流层顶垂直风切变异常和低平流层水汽异常年平均时间序列的线性相关系数达到-0.72,月平均时间序列的线性相关系数为-0.61,且在统计上是显著的。在不同对流条件下,根据强弱对流层顶垂直风切变分别合成100 hPa水汽异常、100 hPa温度异常、150 hPa垂直速度异常得到以下结论:弱对流条件下,弱垂直风切变合成的对流层顶温度异常与水汽异常表现为一致的特征,而强垂直风切变合成的对流层顶温度异常与水汽异常并非完全一致,强垂直风切变合成的150 hPa垂直速度小于弱垂直风切变合成结果,说明强对流层顶垂直风切变下,150 hPa左右的垂直输送作用较弱,对流层顶垂直风切变可以通过影响对流层顶附近的垂直输送作用影响低平流层水汽的变化;强对流条件下,强弱垂直风切变合成的100 hPa温度异常与低平流层水汽异常保持一致变化,强垂直风切变相比于弱垂直风切变合成的150 hPa垂直速度明显偏小,垂直风切变对对流层顶附近的垂直速度有显著影响。对比强弱对流两种条件,发现对流层顶垂直风切变对150 hPa垂直速度的影响在强对流条件下要比弱对流条件下大。4、通过三重嵌套的中尺度天气模式WRF模式对气球探空观测资料中昆明地区对流层顶附近出现的冰面过饱和现象进行数值模拟研究发现,四种不同的微物理参数化方案对出现的冰面过饱和现象都能较好地模拟,其中Thompson aerosol-aware方案模拟的冰面相对湿度与实际观测结果最为接近。对比同一高度发生冰面过饱和区域的温度和未发生冰面过饱和区域的温度,二者并未表现出明显差异,排除温度是这一区域形成冰面过饱和现象的原因。分析冰面过饱和区的气溶胶浓度,发现气溶胶浓度低至5.8×107kg-1就可以出现冰面过饱和现象,而当气溶胶浓度超过这个临界值时,在这个高度（110 hPa）就不易出现冰面相对湿度超过100%的情况。模式结果显示可以作为云凝结核的吸湿性气溶胶是此次个例中对流层顶附近最主要的气溶胶类型,气溶胶浓度偏低造成云凝结核个数偏少是此次个例中对流层顶冰面过饱和现象出现的主要原因。
Abstract
re dai dui liu ceng ding shi dui liu ceng kong qi jin ru ping liu ceng de zhu yao yuan ou ,yin ci cheng wei quan qiu ping liu ceng dui liu ceng wu zhi jiao huan guo cheng de guan jian ou yu 。yan jiu re dai dui liu ceng ding de wu li guo cheng dui yu wo men shen ru le jie ping liu ceng dui liu ceng jiao huan ju you chong yao ke xue yi yi 。ben lun wen jie ge ying guo qi xiang ju da guo mo shi LEMhe mei guo da qi huan jing yan jiu zhong xin de WRFmo shi ,yi ji duo chong tan kong zi liao 、zai fen xi zi liao he wei xing zi liao ,mo ni yan jiu le re dai shen dui liu huo dong zai dui liu ceng ding ou yu chu fa de wu li guo cheng yi ji shen dui liu ying xiang di ping liu ceng shui qi de wu li ji zhi ,ding liang hua fen xi le da qi huan jing yin zi ying xiang shen dui liu dui di ping liu ceng shui qi gong suo de cheng du ,fen xi le re dai dui liu ceng ding chui zhi feng qie bian dui di ping liu ceng shui qi de ying xiang ,tan tao le dui liu ceng ding bing mian guo bao he xian xiang chan sheng de yuan yin 。zhu yao de dao yi xia jie lun :1、gao fen bian lv de da guo mo shi neng jiao hao de mo ni re dai chuan tou xing shen dui liu zai re dai dui liu ceng ding ou yu chu fa de xiao che du wu li guo cheng ,shen dui liu shou xian jiang dui liu ceng di ceng de bing jing li zi shu song zhi dui liu ceng ding fu jin ,yi bu fen bing jing li zi ke yi kua yue 390 Kdeng shang mian bei zhi jie shu song jin ru zhi di ping liu ceng ,hai you yi bu fen bing jing li zi ke yi tong guo dui liu ceng ding de tuan liu hun ge zuo yong jin ru dao di ping liu ceng ,zai dui liu ceng ding fu jin you dui liu chong li bo zao cheng de kong qi kuai de xia chen zeng wen zuo yong shi de zhe xie bing jing sheng hua zhuai hua wei shui qi ,dang chong li bo po sui hou ,deng shang mian kai shi hui fu ,zhe bu fen shui qi sui zhao deng shang mian de hui fu wan quan jin ru dao di ping liu ceng zhong cong er dui di ping liu ceng qi dao zeng shi de zuo yong 。zheng ge mo ni shi jian duan nei di ping liu ceng ou yu shui qi hun ge bi biao xian wei chi xu zeng jia de te zheng ,ci ci ge li zhong you shen dui liu zao cheng di ping liu ceng shui qi zeng jia yao 0.13 ppmv,zeng jia de shui qi fen wei liang bu fen :qian yi bu fen de shui qi shi you shen dui liu zhi jie shu song jin ru dao di ping liu ceng de bing jing sheng hua zhuai hua de shui qi ;hou yi bu fen de shui qi zeng jia shi you tuan liu hun ge zuo yong zao cheng xiao che du de bing jing li zi jin ru di ping liu ceng sheng hua chan sheng de 。2、suo you gai bian dui liu jiang du de min gan xing shi yan zhong bing yun ding gao du cheng xian liang ge feng zhi jie gou :di yi ge feng zhi shi you shen dui liu shang chong yun ding di yi ci dao da dui liu ceng ding fu jin shi xing cheng de ;di er ge feng zhi shi chong li bo po sui guo cheng zao cheng bing jing he shui qi jin ru dao di ping liu ceng zhong xing cheng de yu juan yun xiang shang chuan shu zao cheng de 。dui liu jiang du yue da ,you shen dui liu shu song zhi di ping liu ceng de bing jing yue duo ,shen dui liu zao cheng de di ping liu ceng shui qi zeng jia de ye yue duo 。gai bian dui liu ceng ding chui zhi feng qie bian dui shui qi he bing jing de xiang shang shu song zuo yong you ming xian ying xiang ,jiao da de dui liu ceng ding chui zhi feng qie bian shi yan zhong ,di ping liu ceng zeng jia de bing jing he shui qi jiao shao ,dui liu ceng ding chui zhi feng qie bian jiao xiao de shi yan zhong ,di ping liu ceng zeng jia de bing jing he shui qi jiao duo 。gai bian dui liu ceng ding wen du dui shui qi he bing jing de xiang shang shu song zuo yong ye you xian zhe ying xiang ,dui liu yun jiang da liang bing jing li zi shu song zhi dui liu ceng ding fu jin shi ,dui liu ceng ding wen du zao cheng bing jing li zi de sheng hua zuo yong jia jiang ,shi de jin ru di ping liu ceng de shui qi zeng duo ,bing ju zhe ji zhong you wen du bian hua zao cheng de tuan liu huo dong de bian hua ying xiang jiao xiao 。3、1979-2016nian re dai de ou （30°S—30°N）ti chu le ji jie bian hua yi ji xian xing qu shi de 100 hPashui qi yi chang he dui liu ceng ding feng qie bian yi chang cheng xian jiao hao de fan xiang guan 。dui liu ceng ding chui zhi feng qie bian yi chang he di ping liu ceng shui qi yi chang nian ping jun shi jian xu lie de xian xing xiang guan ji shu da dao -0.72,yue ping jun shi jian xu lie de xian xing xiang guan ji shu wei -0.61,ju zai tong ji shang shi xian zhe de 。zai bu tong dui liu tiao jian xia ,gen ju jiang ruo dui liu ceng ding chui zhi feng qie bian fen bie ge cheng 100 hPashui qi yi chang 、100 hPawen du yi chang 、150 hPachui zhi su du yi chang de dao yi xia jie lun :ruo dui liu tiao jian xia ,ruo chui zhi feng qie bian ge cheng de dui liu ceng ding wen du yi chang yu shui qi yi chang biao xian wei yi zhi de te zheng ,er jiang chui zhi feng qie bian ge cheng de dui liu ceng ding wen du yi chang yu shui qi yi chang bing fei wan quan yi zhi ,jiang chui zhi feng qie bian ge cheng de 150 hPachui zhi su du xiao yu ruo chui zhi feng qie bian ge cheng jie guo ,shui ming jiang dui liu ceng ding chui zhi feng qie bian xia ,150 hPazuo you de chui zhi shu song zuo yong jiao ruo ,dui liu ceng ding chui zhi feng qie bian ke yi tong guo ying xiang dui liu ceng ding fu jin de chui zhi shu song zuo yong ying xiang di ping liu ceng shui qi de bian hua ;jiang dui liu tiao jian xia ,jiang ruo chui zhi feng qie bian ge cheng de 100 hPawen du yi chang yu di ping liu ceng shui qi yi chang bao chi yi zhi bian hua ,jiang chui zhi feng qie bian xiang bi yu ruo chui zhi feng qie bian ge cheng de 150 hPachui zhi su du ming xian pian xiao ,chui zhi feng qie bian dui dui liu ceng ding fu jin de chui zhi su du you xian zhe ying xiang 。dui bi jiang ruo dui liu liang chong tiao jian ,fa xian dui liu ceng ding chui zhi feng qie bian dui 150 hPachui zhi su du de ying xiang zai jiang dui liu tiao jian xia yao bi ruo dui liu tiao jian xia da 。4、tong guo san chong qian tao de zhong che du tian qi mo shi WRFmo shi dui qi qiu tan kong guan ce zi liao zhong kun ming de ou dui liu ceng ding fu jin chu xian de bing mian guo bao he xian xiang jin hang shu zhi mo ni yan jiu fa xian ,si chong bu tong de wei wu li can shu hua fang an dui chu xian de bing mian guo bao he xian xiang dou neng jiao hao de mo ni ,ji zhong Thompson aerosol-awarefang an mo ni de bing mian xiang dui shi du yu shi ji guan ce jie guo zui wei jie jin 。dui bi tong yi gao du fa sheng bing mian guo bao he ou yu de wen du he wei fa sheng bing mian guo bao he ou yu de wen du ,er zhe bing wei biao xian chu ming xian cha yi ,pai chu wen du shi zhe yi ou yu xing cheng bing mian guo bao he xian xiang de yuan yin 。fen xi bing mian guo bao he ou de qi rong jiao nong du ,fa xian qi rong jiao nong du di zhi 5.8×107kg-1jiu ke yi chu xian bing mian guo bao he xian xiang ,er dang qi rong jiao nong du chao guo zhe ge lin jie zhi shi ,zai zhe ge gao du （110 hPa）jiu bu yi chu xian bing mian xiang dui shi du chao guo 100%de qing kuang 。mo shi jie guo xian shi ke yi zuo wei yun ning jie he de xi shi xing qi rong jiao shi ci ci ge li zhong dui liu ceng ding fu jin zui zhu yao de qi rong jiao lei xing ,qi rong jiao nong du pian di zao cheng yun ning jie he ge shu pian shao shi ci ci ge li zhong dui liu ceng ding bing mian guo bao he xian xiang chu xian de zhu yao yuan yin 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自兰州大学的桑文军，发表于刊物兰州大学2019-07-29论文，是一篇关于热带对流层顶论文,平流层水汽论文,深对流论文,冰面过饱和论文,垂直风切变论文,兰州大学2019-07-29论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自兰州大学2019-07-29论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：热带对流层顶论文; 平流层水汽论文; 深对流论文; 冰面过饱和论文; 垂直风切变论文; 兰州大学2019-07-29论文;