本文主要研究内容
作者葛远飞（2019）在《酶促酯交换塑性脂肪的制备及其性能研究》一文中研究指出：近年来,心血管疾病、糖尿病、肥胖病等慢性代谢性疾病的发病率逐年上升,而反式脂肪酸(TFA)则是引起这一系列疾病的主要风险因子之一,开发营养健康,塑性优良的不含TFA专用油脂成为行业热点。酶促酯交换制备不含TFA塑性脂肪,是将植物油脂与高熔点脂进行酯交换反应,重组甘油三酯的脂肪酸分子结构,可将液体油转化为可塑性固脂。本研究以茶籽油(CO),牛油(BT)以及棕榈硬脂(PS)为基本原料进行酶促酯交换反应,产物进行液液萃取脱酸纯化以获得酯交换塑性脂肪(IF),并对IF进行系统的理化性质和储藏稳定性分析,此外,结合动物成长实验,探究IF在改善脂质代谢、调节肠道微生物菌群结构等方面的功能性。主要内容及结果如下:(1)进行了IF的制备。通过单因素和响应面试验设计(优化试验时响应值以37℃为最优条件),以滑动熔点(SMP)为指标,采用Lipozyme RM IM催化CO,BT及PS酯交换体系以制备IF,获得IF的最优制备工艺参数为:底物质量比为7.55:2.45:4.00(BT:CO:PS)、酶添加量为3.65%,反应时间为3.85h,反应温度为72.6℃。在此条件下,IF的SMP为36.8℃,与理论值较为接近,误差小于1%。通过液液萃取纯化IF可有效去除游离脂肪酸、单甘脂等副产物。(2)系统研究了IF的理化性质包括脂肪酸组成、甘三酯组成、固体脂肪含量(SFC)、熔融与结晶特性、晶体结构。结果显示,与物理混合油脂相比,IF的甘三酯中OOO,PSS/SPS,LLL,SSS含量降低,PSO/POS/SPO,POO/OPO,POP/PPO,PLO/PLP/PPL含量增加,熔融与结晶行为发生改变,并且各种脂肪酸的含量没有显著变化;IF在0-40℃时的SFC均为最低,并且在40℃下降至0-0.49%,展现出更宽的塑性范围;IF晶型以β’晶型为主,适用于塑性脂肪的应用。通过Schaal烘箱加速氧化实验对物理混合油脂及IF的储藏稳定性进行对比研究,并对IF的货架期进行预测。结果表明,随着加速氧化时间的延长,较物理混合油脂,IF的酸价(AV)、羰基值(IV)、过氧化值(PV)的上升趋势较为明显,SMP也会逐渐表现出不稳定的现象;由IF的PV可得出其氧化动力学曲线,预测其货架期为352天。(3)通过SD大鼠6周喂养实验初步评估了IF对大鼠脂质代谢的影响。结果发现:IF组大鼠体重明显低于物理混合油脂组(PB),组间的肝脏指数无明显差异,说明IF能够控制体重的增加,抑制脂肪的积累,不会造成大鼠器官的肥大症。肝脏生化指标检测结果说明IF不会在肝脏内造成脂肪积聚和肝毒性。血脂水平检测结果表明IF具有调节SD大鼠的阴性脂蛋白代谢紊乱效应。脂肪因子分析结果显示IF能够有效降低瘦素水平,增加脂联素水平,从而进一步说明了IF对改善脂质代谢的潜在价值。通过肝脏组织病理切片观察发现,IF组与NC组的切片观察结果类似,且未发现组织病理学肝损伤现象,说明IF不会造成肝脏组织损伤。(4)通过SD大鼠6周喂养实验初步评价了IF对大鼠肠道微生物菌群的影响。结果表明,IF组大鼠展现出与模型CO组相似度较高的肠道微生物菌群结构,摄入IF能有效降低厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门的比例并相应降低了变形菌门的相对丰度;其肠道菌群物种组成更为均衡,拟杆菌目S24-7、拟杆菌科、普氏菌科的相对丰度较PB组显著增加;拟杆菌属和毛螺菌属(与拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门相对丰度呈正相关),乳杆菌属和毛螺菌属(与厚壁菌门相对丰度呈负相关)在IF组中的水平分别较高、显著性降低。总体来说,IF在调节肠道菌群结构方面有一定效果。
Abstract
jin nian lai ,xin xie guan ji bing 、tang niao bing 、fei pan bing deng man xing dai xie xing ji bing de fa bing lv zhu nian shang sheng ,er fan shi zhi fang suan (TFA)ze shi yin qi zhe yi ji lie ji bing de zhu yao feng xian yin zi zhi yi ,kai fa ying yang jian kang ,su xing you liang de bu han TFAzhuan yong you zhi cheng wei hang ye re dian 。mei cu zhi jiao huan zhi bei bu han TFAsu xing zhi fang ,shi jiang zhi wu you zhi yu gao rong dian zhi jin hang zhi jiao huan fan ying ,chong zu gan you san zhi de zhi fang suan fen zi jie gou ,ke jiang ye ti you zhuai hua wei ke su xing gu zhi 。ben yan jiu yi cha zi you (CO),niu you (BT)yi ji zong lv ying zhi (PS)wei ji ben yuan liao jin hang mei cu zhi jiao huan fan ying ,chan wu jin hang ye ye cui qu tuo suan chun hua yi huo de zhi jiao huan su xing zhi fang (IF),bing dui IFjin hang ji tong de li hua xing zhi he chu cang wen ding xing fen xi ,ci wai ,jie ge dong wu cheng chang shi yan ,tan jiu IFzai gai shan zhi zhi dai xie 、diao jie chang dao wei sheng wu jun qun jie gou deng fang mian de gong neng xing 。zhu yao nei rong ji jie guo ru xia :(1)jin hang le IFde zhi bei 。tong guo chan yin su he xiang ying mian shi yan she ji (you hua shi yan shi xiang ying zhi yi 37℃wei zui you tiao jian ),yi hua dong rong dian (SMP)wei zhi biao ,cai yong Lipozyme RM IMcui hua CO,BTji PSzhi jiao huan ti ji yi zhi bei IF,huo de IFde zui you zhi bei gong yi can shu wei :de wu zhi liang bi wei 7.55:2.45:4.00(BT:CO:PS)、mei tian jia liang wei 3.65%,fan ying shi jian wei 3.85h,fan ying wen du wei 72.6℃。zai ci tiao jian xia ,IFde SMPwei 36.8℃,yu li lun zhi jiao wei jie jin ,wu cha xiao yu 1%。tong guo ye ye cui qu chun hua IFke you xiao qu chu you li zhi fang suan 、chan gan zhi deng fu chan wu 。(2)ji tong yan jiu le IFde li hua xing zhi bao gua zhi fang suan zu cheng 、gan san zhi zu cheng 、gu ti zhi fang han liang (SFC)、rong rong yu jie jing te xing 、jing ti jie gou 。jie guo xian shi ,yu wu li hun ge you zhi xiang bi ,IFde gan san zhi zhong OOO,PSS/SPS,LLL,SSShan liang jiang di ,PSO/POS/SPO,POO/OPO,POP/PPO,PLO/PLP/PPLhan liang zeng jia ,rong rong yu jie jing hang wei fa sheng gai bian ,bing ju ge chong zhi fang suan de han liang mei you xian zhe bian hua ;IFzai 0-40℃shi de SFCjun wei zui di ,bing ju zai 40℃xia jiang zhi 0-0.49%,zhan xian chu geng kuan de su xing fan wei ;IFjing xing yi β’jing xing wei zhu ,kuo yong yu su xing zhi fang de ying yong 。tong guo Schaalhong xiang jia su yang hua shi yan dui wu li hun ge you zhi ji IFde chu cang wen ding xing jin hang dui bi yan jiu ,bing dui IFde huo jia ji jin hang yu ce 。jie guo biao ming ,sui zhao jia su yang hua shi jian de yan chang ,jiao wu li hun ge you zhi ,IFde suan jia (AV)、tang ji zhi (IV)、guo yang hua zhi (PV)de shang sheng qu shi jiao wei ming xian ,SMPye hui zhu jian biao xian chu bu wen ding de xian xiang ;you IFde PVke de chu ji yang hua dong li xue qu xian ,yu ce ji huo jia ji wei 352tian 。(3)tong guo SDda shu 6zhou wei yang shi yan chu bu ping gu le IFdui da shu zhi zhi dai xie de ying xiang 。jie guo fa xian :IFzu da shu ti chong ming xian di yu wu li hun ge you zhi zu (PB),zu jian de gan zang zhi shu mo ming xian cha yi ,shui ming IFneng gou kong zhi ti chong de zeng jia ,yi zhi zhi fang de ji lei ,bu hui zao cheng da shu qi guan de fei da zheng 。gan zang sheng hua zhi biao jian ce jie guo shui ming IFbu hui zai gan zang nei zao cheng zhi fang ji ju he gan du xing 。xie zhi shui ping jian ce jie guo biao ming IFju you diao jie SDda shu de yin xing zhi dan bai dai xie wen luan xiao ying 。zhi fang yin zi fen xi jie guo xian shi IFneng gou you xiao jiang di shou su shui ping ,zeng jia zhi lian su shui ping ,cong er jin yi bu shui ming le IFdui gai shan zhi zhi dai xie de qian zai jia zhi 。tong guo gan zang zu zhi bing li qie pian guan cha fa xian ,IFzu yu NCzu de qie pian guan cha jie guo lei shi ,ju wei fa xian zu zhi bing li xue gan sun shang xian xiang ,shui ming IFbu hui zao cheng gan zang zu zhi sun shang 。(4)tong guo SDda shu 6zhou wei yang shi yan chu bu ping jia le IFdui da shu chang dao wei sheng wu jun qun de ying xiang 。jie guo biao ming ,IFzu da shu zhan xian chu yu mo xing COzu xiang shi du jiao gao de chang dao wei sheng wu jun qun jie gou ,she ru IFneng you xiao jiang di hou bi jun men yu ni gan jun men de bi li bing xiang ying jiang di le bian xing jun men de xiang dui feng du ;ji chang dao jun qun wu chong zu cheng geng wei jun heng ,ni gan jun mu S24-7、ni gan jun ke 、pu shi jun ke de xiang dui feng du jiao PBzu xian zhe zeng jia ;ni gan jun shu he mao luo jun shu (yu ni gan jun men 、hou bi jun men xiang dui feng du cheng zheng xiang guan ),ru gan jun shu he mao luo jun shu (yu hou bi jun men xiang dui feng du cheng fu xiang guan )zai IFzu zhong de shui ping fen bie jiao gao 、xian zhe xing jiang di 。zong ti lai shui ,IFzai diao jie chang dao jun qun jie gou fang mian you yi ding xiao guo 。
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论文作者分别是来自合肥工业大学的葛远飞，发表于刊物合肥工业大学2019-09-20论文，是一篇关于酯交换塑性脂肪论文,酶法催化论文,性质表征论文,脂质代谢论文,肠道微生物论文,合肥工业大学2019-09-20论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自合肥工业大学2019-09-20论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：酯交换塑性脂肪论文; 酶法催化论文; 性质表征论文; 脂质代谢论文; 肠道微生物论文; 合肥工业大学2019-09-20论文;