本文主要研究内容
作者胡国文（2019）在《一维纳米管光催化剂的制备与催化活性研究》一文中研究指出：光催化是在光催化剂的作用下,利用光照引发化学反应,能够在相对温和的条件下实现化学键的断裂与重组,具有绿色清洁、安全环保和易于控制等优点。近年来,越来越多的研究者致力于尝试使用光催化的手段来实现各种有机化学反应,如还原偶联、交叉偶联等反应,以及有机磷化合物、染料等有机物的光催化降解。然而,现有的光催化剂普遍存在催化效率偏低、普适性不高、可见光利用效率不高等很多不足,这些不足限制着光催化的进一步发展。为了进一步提高光催化效率,本论文围绕一维管状光催化剂,通过贵金属掺杂半导体、异质结复合、多组分异质结等方式,构建了Au/CuCo2O4二元光催化剂,Au/CuO/Co3O4及Pd/CuO/Co3O4三元光催化剂并研究了它们的光催化性能。考虑到Au,Pd等贵金属成本高的问题,进一步合成了Au/Fe3O4/PEI/rGO纳米复合催化剂,尝试在保持贵金属催化活性的情况下,降低催化剂成本,实现贵金属催化剂的循环利用。本论文共分为五章,主要内容简述如下:第一章:首先对光催化的研究进展进行了概述。对光催化原理、半导体材料光催化应用及进展、影响半导体光催化活性的因素、提高光催化效率的途径等方面的进展进行讨论。同时,对静电纺丝技术制备一维纳米材料的方法进行了介绍。第二章:制备了Au/CuCo2O4二元光催化剂,研究了其在可见光催化α,β-不饱和醛选择性加氢反应中的催化性能。首先通过简单,低成本的静电纺丝方法合成了一维管状半导体光催化剂CuCo2O4。再通过光诱导还原的方法引入贵金属纳米颗粒,从而构建一种贵金属/半导体异质结。该二元催化剂一方面可以利用金纳米颗粒的等离子体激元效应的优点,另一方面可利用金纳米颗粒/半导体界面的电荷分离特性,高效地实现了α,β-不饱和醛的光催化选择性加氢。以5-羟甲基糠醛为例,20℃下反应60min后,转化率达到93%,选择性100%。第三章:制备了Au/CuO/Co3O4三元光催化剂,研究了其在可见光催化水释氧反应中的催化性能。首先通过简单、低成本的静电纺丝方法成功合成一种能级结构合理的异质结,在该异质结上进一步引入贵金属从而构建三组分异质结构。这种三组分异质结结构结合了异质结和等离子体激元效应的优点,在可见光范围内光响应可以大大增强,并且可以有效阻止电子-空穴的快速复合,从而提高催化效率。三元光催化剂催化条件下,释氧速率达2.92 mmol h-1g-1,其催化效率较二元光催化剂CuO/Co3O4提高了47%。第四章:制备了Pd/CuO/Co3O4三元光催化剂,以亚甲基蓝（methyleneblue,MB）的光催化降解为模板反应,评价了其光催化活性。该催化剂通过简单、低成本的静电纺丝和光诱导还原方法合成。利用多组分异质结拓宽了光吸收利用范围,提高光催化降解的效率,实现了有机染料分子的高效光降解。并通过不同贵金属的修饰,有望增加可降解底物的种类,并深入理解CuO/Co3O4光催化剂的催化机理。第五章:制备了Au/Fe3O4/PEI/rGO纳米复合催化剂,实现了4-硝基苯酚还原反应的高效催化,催化速率常数达到0.429 min-1。将金纳米颗粒与石墨烯通过化学键进行连接,提高了其分散性与稳定性。进一步通过与磁性四氧化三铁连接,实现了该催化剂的循环回收利用,为贵金属催化剂的回收再利用提供了一种可行的思路。
Abstract
guang cui hua shi zai guang cui hua ji de zuo yong xia ,li yong guang zhao yin fa hua xue fan ying ,neng gou zai xiang dui wen he de tiao jian xia shi xian hua xue jian de duan lie yu chong zu ,ju you lu se qing jie 、an quan huan bao he yi yu kong zhi deng you dian 。jin nian lai ,yue lai yue duo de yan jiu zhe zhi li yu chang shi shi yong guang cui hua de shou duan lai shi xian ge chong you ji hua xue fan ying ,ru hai yuan ou lian 、jiao cha ou lian deng fan ying ,yi ji you ji lin hua ge wu 、ran liao deng you ji wu de guang cui hua jiang jie 。ran er ,xian you de guang cui hua ji pu bian cun zai cui hua xiao lv pian di 、pu kuo xing bu gao 、ke jian guang li yong xiao lv bu gao deng hen duo bu zu ,zhe xie bu zu xian zhi zhao guang cui hua de jin yi bu fa zhan 。wei le jin yi bu di gao guang cui hua xiao lv ,ben lun wen wei rao yi wei guan zhuang guang cui hua ji ,tong guo gui jin shu can za ban dao ti 、yi zhi jie fu ge 、duo zu fen yi zhi jie deng fang shi ,gou jian le Au/CuCo2O4er yuan guang cui hua ji ,Au/CuO/Co3O4ji Pd/CuO/Co3O4san yuan guang cui hua ji bing yan jiu le ta men de guang cui hua xing neng 。kao lv dao Au,Pddeng gui jin shu cheng ben gao de wen ti ,jin yi bu ge cheng le Au/Fe3O4/PEI/rGOna mi fu ge cui hua ji ,chang shi zai bao chi gui jin shu cui hua huo xing de qing kuang xia ,jiang di cui hua ji cheng ben ,shi xian gui jin shu cui hua ji de xun huan li yong 。ben lun wen gong fen wei wu zhang ,zhu yao nei rong jian shu ru xia :di yi zhang :shou xian dui guang cui hua de yan jiu jin zhan jin hang le gai shu 。dui guang cui hua yuan li 、ban dao ti cai liao guang cui hua ying yong ji jin zhan 、ying xiang ban dao ti guang cui hua huo xing de yin su 、di gao guang cui hua xiao lv de tu jing deng fang mian de jin zhan jin hang tao lun 。tong shi ,dui jing dian fang si ji shu zhi bei yi wei na mi cai liao de fang fa jin hang le jie shao 。di er zhang :zhi bei le Au/CuCo2O4er yuan guang cui hua ji ,yan jiu le ji zai ke jian guang cui hua α,β-bu bao he quan shua ze xing jia qing fan ying zhong de cui hua xing neng 。shou xian tong guo jian chan ,di cheng ben de jing dian fang si fang fa ge cheng le yi wei guan zhuang ban dao ti guang cui hua ji CuCo2O4。zai tong guo guang you dao hai yuan de fang fa yin ru gui jin shu na mi ke li ,cong er gou jian yi chong gui jin shu /ban dao ti yi zhi jie 。gai er yuan cui hua ji yi fang mian ke yi li yong jin na mi ke li de deng li zi ti ji yuan xiao ying de you dian ,ling yi fang mian ke li yong jin na mi ke li /ban dao ti jie mian de dian he fen li te xing ,gao xiao de shi xian le α,β-bu bao he quan de guang cui hua shua ze xing jia qing 。yi 5-qiang jia ji kang quan wei li ,20℃xia fan ying 60minhou ,zhuai hua lv da dao 93%,shua ze xing 100%。di san zhang :zhi bei le Au/CuO/Co3O4san yuan guang cui hua ji ,yan jiu le ji zai ke jian guang cui hua shui shi yang fan ying zhong de cui hua xing neng 。shou xian tong guo jian chan 、di cheng ben de jing dian fang si fang fa cheng gong ge cheng yi chong neng ji jie gou ge li de yi zhi jie ,zai gai yi zhi jie shang jin yi bu yin ru gui jin shu cong er gou jian san zu fen yi zhi jie gou 。zhe chong san zu fen yi zhi jie jie gou jie ge le yi zhi jie he deng li zi ti ji yuan xiao ying de you dian ,zai ke jian guang fan wei nei guang xiang ying ke yi da da zeng jiang ,bing ju ke yi you xiao zu zhi dian zi -kong xue de kuai su fu ge ,cong er di gao cui hua xiao lv 。san yuan guang cui hua ji cui hua tiao jian xia ,shi yang su lv da 2.92 mmol h-1g-1,ji cui hua xiao lv jiao er yuan guang cui hua ji CuO/Co3O4di gao le 47%。di si zhang :zhi bei le Pd/CuO/Co3O4san yuan guang cui hua ji ,yi ya jia ji lan （methyleneblue,MB）de guang cui hua jiang jie wei mo ban fan ying ,ping jia le ji guang cui hua huo xing 。gai cui hua ji tong guo jian chan 、di cheng ben de jing dian fang si he guang you dao hai yuan fang fa ge cheng 。li yong duo zu fen yi zhi jie ta kuan le guang xi shou li yong fan wei ,di gao guang cui hua jiang jie de xiao lv ,shi xian le you ji ran liao fen zi de gao xiao guang jiang jie 。bing tong guo bu tong gui jin shu de xiu shi ,you wang zeng jia ke jiang jie de wu de chong lei ,bing shen ru li jie CuO/Co3O4guang cui hua ji de cui hua ji li 。di wu zhang :zhi bei le Au/Fe3O4/PEI/rGOna mi fu ge cui hua ji ,shi xian le 4-xiao ji ben fen hai yuan fan ying de gao xiao cui hua ,cui hua su lv chang shu da dao 0.429 min-1。jiang jin na mi ke li yu dan mo xi tong guo hua xue jian jin hang lian jie ,di gao le ji fen san xing yu wen ding xing 。jin yi bu tong guo yu ci xing si yang hua san tie lian jie ,shi xian le gai cui hua ji de xun huan hui shou li yong ,wei gui jin shu cui hua ji de hui shou zai li yong di gong le yi chong ke hang de sai lu 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自兰州大学的胡国文，发表于刊物兰州大学2019-07-29论文，是一篇关于光催化论文,一维纳米管论文,异质结论文,不饱和醛论文,选择性加氢论文,光解水释氧论文,有机染料论文,兰州大学2019-07-29论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自兰州大学2019-07-29论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：光催化论文; 一维纳米管论文; 异质结论文; 不饱和醛论文; 选择性加氢论文; 光解水释氧论文; 有机染料论文; 兰州大学2019-07-29论文;