本文主要研究内容
作者白志凤(2019)在《适用于冷等离子体促进的NO_x“存储—还原”反应的催化剂研究》一文中研究指出:NOx存储还原法是一种有效脱除贫燃发动机尾气中NOx的方法,但该方法采用的Pt/Ba/Al2O3催化剂存在低温(<300 ℃)NOx存储量小,活性低,反应温窗较窄,以及抗硫性能有待提高等问题。基于以上背景,本论文提出一种冷等离子体促进的NOx存储还原法,贫燃阶段,催化剂将NO氧化并存储在催化剂上;富燃阶段,引入冷等离子体促进还原剂的低温活化,在冷等离子体与催化剂的协同作用下,将贫燃阶段存储的NOx在较低温度下被还原,催化剂得以再生。通过上述“NOx存储-冷等离子体辅助还原再生”循环,解决催化剂在中低温区还原速率较差的问题,提高中低温NOx脱除效率。本论文的主要内容如下:(1)利用过渡金属氧化物较强的NO氧化性能,设计并构建了一系列过渡金属氧化改性的Pt/M/Ba/Al(M=Mn、Co、Cu)催化剂。结果表明,CoOx和MnOx的添加提高了催化剂的NO氧化性能,从而使Pt/Co/Ba/Al和Pt/Mn/Ba/Al催化剂具有比Pt/BaO/Al2O3更好的NOx存储能力。通过在富燃阶段向反应体系中引入H2等离子体,明显提高了催化剂的低温NOx脱除效率,特别是Pt/Co/Ba/Al在150-350 ℃范围内NOx脱除效率均可高达80%以上。此外,H2等离子体的引入同时提高了N2的选择性和催化剂的抗硫性能。(2)利用钙钛矿LaMno.9Fe0.1O3(LMF)较强的NO氧化性能和碱土金属Ba较强的NOx存储性能,采用机械混合法制备了LMF+Ba/Al2O3催化剂。研究发现该催化剂具有优异的NO氧化性能和NOx存储量。但其对H2活化能力较差,即使在冷等离子体辅助的贫富燃循环中,催化剂的低温NOx脱除效率依然较低。研究表明,少量贵金属Pt的加入可以促进NOx的还原,并对负载Pt的载体进行了优选,使催化剂具有最佳的H2还原能力。结果表明,由于Pt在γ-Al2O3载体上的分散度较高及Pt主要以Pt0的形式存在,使得LMF+Ba/Al2O3+Pt/Al2O3催化剂在较宽的温度范围内展现出最优的NOx脱除效率,150 ℃时即可达到80%的NOx脱除效率。(3)探索以相对廉价的贵金属Pd替代Pt的可行途径,通过添加复合氧化物CoMnOx-K(CoMn-K)以提高催化剂的NO氧化性能,设计并构建了CoMn-K+Pd/Ba/Al催化剂。结果表明,CoMn-K的加入缓解了SO2对存储组分Ba的毒化,且该混合催化剂在反应温度下具有优异的NOx存储性能和还原性能。采用多种表征手段研究了K+对NOx存储还原反应性能的影响,研究发现K+的加入显著促进了NO的氧化,从而提高NOx的存储量;同时Pd与K+之间发生电子转移,使得Pd主要以Pd0的形式存在,促进了H2对NOx的还原。通过在富燃阶段向反应体系中引入H2等离子体,催化剂的低温(80-200℃)NOx转化率得到了显著的提升,80 ℃时CoMn-K+Pd/Ba/Al催化剂的NOx脱除效率从11%提高到70%。(4)利用碱性更强的碱金属K作为存储组分,制备了 Pt/K/Al2O3催化剂,考察了其NOx存储还原反应性能。结果表明,与Pt/Ba/Al2O3催化剂作对比,K作为存储组分使其具有更优异的NO氧化性能和NOx存储量。同时考察了不同还原剂(H2,C3H6和H2+C3H6)和富燃阶段引入冷等离子体对Pt/K/Al催化剂上NOx还原性能的影响。结果表明,当H2和C3H6作为共还原剂,或在C3H6作为还原剂的反应体系中低温(<300 ℃)引入冷等离子体,可以在较宽的温度(150-600 ℃)内获得较高的NOx脱除效率和N2选择性。通过质谱和原位红外检测手段相结合,阐明了 H2、C3H6和冷等离子体在NOx存储还原反应中的作用。
Abstract
NOxcun chu hai yuan fa shi yi chong you xiao tuo chu pin ran fa dong ji wei qi zhong NOxde fang fa ,dan gai fang fa cai yong de Pt/Ba/Al2O3cui hua ji cun zai di wen (<300 ℃)NOxcun chu liang xiao ,huo xing di ,fan ying wen chuang jiao zhai ,yi ji kang liu xing neng you dai di gao deng wen ti 。ji yu yi shang bei jing ,ben lun wen di chu yi chong leng deng li zi ti cu jin de NOxcun chu hai yuan fa ,pin ran jie duan ,cui hua ji jiang NOyang hua bing cun chu zai cui hua ji shang ;fu ran jie duan ,yin ru leng deng li zi ti cu jin hai yuan ji de di wen huo hua ,zai leng deng li zi ti yu cui hua ji de xie tong zuo yong xia ,jiang pin ran jie duan cun chu de NOxzai jiao di wen du xia bei hai yuan ,cui hua ji de yi zai sheng 。tong guo shang shu “NOxcun chu -leng deng li zi ti fu zhu hai yuan zai sheng ”xun huan ,jie jue cui hua ji zai zhong di wen ou hai yuan su lv jiao cha de wen ti ,di gao zhong di wen NOxtuo chu xiao lv 。ben lun wen de zhu yao nei rong ru xia :(1)li yong guo du jin shu yang hua wu jiao jiang de NOyang hua xing neng ,she ji bing gou jian le yi ji lie guo du jin shu yang hua gai xing de Pt/M/Ba/Al(M=Mn、Co、Cu)cui hua ji 。jie guo biao ming ,CoOxhe MnOxde tian jia di gao le cui hua ji de NOyang hua xing neng ,cong er shi Pt/Co/Ba/Alhe Pt/Mn/Ba/Alcui hua ji ju you bi Pt/BaO/Al2O3geng hao de NOxcun chu neng li 。tong guo zai fu ran jie duan xiang fan ying ti ji zhong yin ru H2deng li zi ti ,ming xian di gao le cui hua ji de di wen NOxtuo chu xiao lv ,te bie shi Pt/Co/Ba/Alzai 150-350 ℃fan wei nei NOxtuo chu xiao lv jun ke gao da 80%yi shang 。ci wai ,H2deng li zi ti de yin ru tong shi di gao le N2de shua ze xing he cui hua ji de kang liu xing neng 。(2)li yong gai tai kuang LaMno.9Fe0.1O3(LMF)jiao jiang de NOyang hua xing neng he jian tu jin shu Bajiao jiang de NOxcun chu xing neng ,cai yong ji xie hun ge fa zhi bei le LMF+Ba/Al2O3cui hua ji 。yan jiu fa xian gai cui hua ji ju you you yi de NOyang hua xing neng he NOxcun chu liang 。dan ji dui H2huo hua neng li jiao cha ,ji shi zai leng deng li zi ti fu zhu de pin fu ran xun huan zhong ,cui hua ji de di wen NOxtuo chu xiao lv yi ran jiao di 。yan jiu biao ming ,shao liang gui jin shu Ptde jia ru ke yi cu jin NOxde hai yuan ,bing dui fu zai Ptde zai ti jin hang le you shua ,shi cui hua ji ju you zui jia de H2hai yuan neng li 。jie guo biao ming ,you yu Ptzai γ-Al2O3zai ti shang de fen san du jiao gao ji Ptzhu yao yi Pt0de xing shi cun zai ,shi de LMF+Ba/Al2O3+Pt/Al2O3cui hua ji zai jiao kuan de wen du fan wei nei zhan xian chu zui you de NOxtuo chu xiao lv ,150 ℃shi ji ke da dao 80%de NOxtuo chu xiao lv 。(3)tan suo yi xiang dui lian jia de gui jin shu Pdti dai Ptde ke hang tu jing ,tong guo tian jia fu ge yang hua wu CoMnOx-K(CoMn-K)yi di gao cui hua ji de NOyang hua xing neng ,she ji bing gou jian le CoMn-K+Pd/Ba/Alcui hua ji 。jie guo biao ming ,CoMn-Kde jia ru huan jie le SO2dui cun chu zu fen Bade du hua ,ju gai hun ge cui hua ji zai fan ying wen du xia ju you you yi de NOxcun chu xing neng he hai yuan xing neng 。cai yong duo chong biao zheng shou duan yan jiu le K+dui NOxcun chu hai yuan fan ying xing neng de ying xiang ,yan jiu fa xian K+de jia ru xian zhe cu jin le NOde yang hua ,cong er di gao NOxde cun chu liang ;tong shi Pdyu K+zhi jian fa sheng dian zi zhuai yi ,shi de Pdzhu yao yi Pd0de xing shi cun zai ,cu jin le H2dui NOxde hai yuan 。tong guo zai fu ran jie duan xiang fan ying ti ji zhong yin ru H2deng li zi ti ,cui hua ji de di wen (80-200℃)NOxzhuai hua lv de dao le xian zhe de di sheng ,80 ℃shi CoMn-K+Pd/Ba/Alcui hua ji de NOxtuo chu xiao lv cong 11%di gao dao 70%。(4)li yong jian xing geng jiang de jian jin shu Kzuo wei cun chu zu fen ,zhi bei le Pt/K/Al2O3cui hua ji ,kao cha le ji NOxcun chu hai yuan fan ying xing neng 。jie guo biao ming ,yu Pt/Ba/Al2O3cui hua ji zuo dui bi ,Kzuo wei cun chu zu fen shi ji ju you geng you yi de NOyang hua xing neng he NOxcun chu liang 。tong shi kao cha le bu tong hai yuan ji (H2,C3H6he H2+C3H6)he fu ran jie duan yin ru leng deng li zi ti dui Pt/K/Alcui hua ji shang NOxhai yuan xing neng de ying xiang 。jie guo biao ming ,dang H2he C3H6zuo wei gong hai yuan ji ,huo zai C3H6zuo wei hai yuan ji de fan ying ti ji zhong di wen (<300 ℃)yin ru leng deng li zi ti ,ke yi zai jiao kuan de wen du (150-600 ℃)nei huo de jiao gao de NOxtuo chu xiao lv he N2shua ze xing 。tong guo zhi pu he yuan wei gong wai jian ce shou duan xiang jie ge ,chan ming le H2、C3H6he leng deng li zi ti zai NOxcun chu hai yuan fan ying zhong de zuo yong 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自大连理工大学的白志凤,发表于刊物大连理工大学2019-07-19论文,是一篇关于存储还原论文,氧化物论文,催化剂论文,冷等离子体论文,大连理工大学2019-07-19论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自大连理工大学2019-07-19论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:存储还原论文; 氧化物论文; 催化剂论文; 冷等离子体论文; 大连理工大学2019-07-19论文;