本文主要研究内容
作者牛豪杰(2019)在《红松林中梢斑螟种群特征及其生物学特性》一文中研究指出:红松是我国珍贵的经济树种。梢斑螟属Dioryctria种类是危害红松果梢的重要害虫之一,具有使红松主梢分叉流脂或折断、球果腐烂等危害特点。因其形态特征及生活习性相似,不易分辨;生活隐蔽,很难防治。为了弄清梢斑螟在黑龙江省林口地区的种类组成、种群特征及生物生态学习性,本研究在牡丹江林口林业局利用灯光诱捕,结合人工采集,分析其成虫种群动态、幼虫空间分布;观察其成虫的生殖行为,以及越冬虫态和地点。研究结果如下。(1)红松人工纯林内梢斑螟成虫种群动态分析在牡丹江林口林业局的湖水、曙光和西北楞三个地点,诱捕到的种类均为赤松梢斑螟(D sylvestrella)、冷杉梢斑螟(D.abietella)和微红梢斑螟(D.rubella)。在湖水梢斑螟的种群数量最多,平均每天诱捕111.38头;西北楞其次,平均每天诱捕79.625头;曙光最少,平均每天诱捕69.63头。在整个诱捕期间,冷杉梢斑螟和赤松梢斑螟成虫期为6月上旬~7月下旬,高峰期为6月下旬,微红梢斑螟成虫期为6月上旬~8月下旬,高峰期为6月下旬和7月中旬。对3种梢斑螟都是在21:00~22:00诱捕到最多数量。3种梢斑螟的雌雄性比随着季节的推移波动较大,由开始的小于1,到接近于1,最终大于1,但总的性比接近1:1。(2)冷杉梢斑螟和赤松梢斑螟幼虫的空间分布型以及抽样技术应用7个聚集指标以及Iwao的m*-m回归分析法对两种梢斑螟幼虫的空间分布型和抽样技术进行了研究。研究结果表明,冷杉梢斑螟和赤松梢斑螟在东南西北四个方位上的分布没有明显差异。球果被害率和每株虫口密度,冷杉梢斑螟在结实量较高的样地显著高于结实量较低的样地,赤松梢斑螟在结实量不同的样地则差异不显著。两种梢斑螟的7个聚集度指标均显示为聚集分布,且分布的基本成分为个体群,冷杉梢斑螟个体间相互排斥,赤松梢斑螟个体间相互吸引。聚集均数λ>2,表明聚集分布是由两种梢斑螟各自的聚集习性和环境因素的共同作用引起的。通过Iwao的m*-m回归法的两个分布参数α和β值,计算出了在不同结实量下两种梢斑螟幼虫的理论抽样数据表及序贯抽样数据表,方便在生产调查防治中查阅使用。(3)冷杉梢斑螟和赤松梢斑螟的生殖行为冷杉梢斑螟雌虫的羽化行为集中发生在08:00~10:00,雄虫羽化行为集中发生在08:00~12:00。赤松梢斑螟雌虫的羽化行为集中发生在02:00~08:00,雄虫羽化行为集中发生在04:00~8:00。两种梢斑螟雌蛾在1~5日龄均可进行求偶,冷杉梢斑螟在20:00~00:00为求偶高峰期,次高峰出现在00:40~08:00。赤松梢斑螟在20:00~00:00为求偶高峰期,次高峰出现在00:40-08:00。冷杉梢斑螟林缘求偶高峰期较室内提前1.5小时,赤松梢斑螟林缘求偶高峰期较室内提前1小时。老龄处女雌蛾较刚羽化雌蛾会提前进行求偶。冷杉梢斑螟和赤松梢斑螟在雄性竞争对手信息存在条件下,雄蛾会延长交尾持续时间,但是产卵量没有显著变化。(4)冷杉梢斑螟越冬虫态与越冬场所冷杉梢斑螟以低龄幼虫、老熟幼虫和蛹越冬,其中主要以老熟幼虫形态越冬,占57.21%,越冬场所为球果、枯枝落叶层和土壤,以球果为主,占75.82%。其中以老熟幼虫形态在红松球果中越冬成活率最高,为46.5%。综上所述,通过对梢斑螟成虫的种群动态、越冬方式、幼虫的空间分布的研究,确定梢斑螟种团组成,掌握其成虫及幼虫发生特点,为梢斑螟的有效综合防治提供依据。通过对梢斑螟成虫的求偶、交配等生殖行为进行观察研究,确定其求偶、交配高峰期以及其他生殖行为特征,为性信息素的提取以及林间防治奠定基础。
Abstract
gong song shi wo guo zhen gui de jing ji shu chong 。sao ban ming shu Dioryctriachong lei shi wei hai gong song guo sao de chong yao hai chong zhi yi ,ju you shi gong song zhu sao fen cha liu zhi huo she duan 、qiu guo fu lan deng wei hai te dian 。yin ji xing tai te zheng ji sheng huo xi xing xiang shi ,bu yi fen bian ;sheng huo yin bi ,hen nan fang zhi 。wei le long qing sao ban ming zai hei long jiang sheng lin kou de ou de chong lei zu cheng 、chong qun te zheng ji sheng wu sheng tai xue xi xing ,ben yan jiu zai mu dan jiang lin kou lin ye ju li yong deng guang you bu ,jie ge ren gong cai ji ,fen xi ji cheng chong chong qun dong tai 、you chong kong jian fen bu ;guan cha ji cheng chong de sheng shi hang wei ,yi ji yue dong chong tai he de dian 。yan jiu jie guo ru xia 。(1)gong song ren gong chun lin nei sao ban ming cheng chong chong qun dong tai fen xi zai mu dan jiang lin kou lin ye ju de hu shui 、shu guang he xi bei leng san ge de dian ,you bu dao de chong lei jun wei chi song sao ban ming (D sylvestrella)、leng sha sao ban ming (D.abietella)he wei gong sao ban ming (D.rubella)。zai hu shui sao ban ming de chong qun shu liang zui duo ,ping jun mei tian you bu 111.38tou ;xi bei leng ji ci ,ping jun mei tian you bu 79.625tou ;shu guang zui shao ,ping jun mei tian you bu 69.63tou 。zai zheng ge you bu ji jian ,leng sha sao ban ming he chi song sao ban ming cheng chong ji wei 6yue shang xun ~7yue xia xun ,gao feng ji wei 6yue xia xun ,wei gong sao ban ming cheng chong ji wei 6yue shang xun ~8yue xia xun ,gao feng ji wei 6yue xia xun he 7yue zhong xun 。dui 3chong sao ban ming dou shi zai 21:00~22:00you bu dao zui duo shu liang 。3chong sao ban ming de ci xiong xing bi sui zhao ji jie de tui yi bo dong jiao da ,you kai shi de xiao yu 1,dao jie jin yu 1,zui zhong da yu 1,dan zong de xing bi jie jin 1:1。(2)leng sha sao ban ming he chi song sao ban ming you chong de kong jian fen bu xing yi ji chou yang ji shu ying yong 7ge ju ji zhi biao yi ji Iwaode m*-mhui gui fen xi fa dui liang chong sao ban ming you chong de kong jian fen bu xing he chou yang ji shu jin hang le yan jiu 。yan jiu jie guo biao ming ,leng sha sao ban ming he chi song sao ban ming zai dong na xi bei si ge fang wei shang de fen bu mei you ming xian cha yi 。qiu guo bei hai lv he mei zhu chong kou mi du ,leng sha sao ban ming zai jie shi liang jiao gao de yang de xian zhe gao yu jie shi liang jiao di de yang de ,chi song sao ban ming zai jie shi liang bu tong de yang de ze cha yi bu xian zhe 。liang chong sao ban ming de 7ge ju ji du zhi biao jun xian shi wei ju ji fen bu ,ju fen bu de ji ben cheng fen wei ge ti qun ,leng sha sao ban ming ge ti jian xiang hu pai chi ,chi song sao ban ming ge ti jian xiang hu xi yin 。ju ji jun shu λ>2,biao ming ju ji fen bu shi you liang chong sao ban ming ge zi de ju ji xi xing he huan jing yin su de gong tong zuo yong yin qi de 。tong guo Iwaode m*-mhui gui fa de liang ge fen bu can shu αhe βzhi ,ji suan chu le zai bu tong jie shi liang xia liang chong sao ban ming you chong de li lun chou yang shu ju biao ji xu guan chou yang shu ju biao ,fang bian zai sheng chan diao cha fang zhi zhong cha yue shi yong 。(3)leng sha sao ban ming he chi song sao ban ming de sheng shi hang wei leng sha sao ban ming ci chong de yu hua hang wei ji zhong fa sheng zai 08:00~10:00,xiong chong yu hua hang wei ji zhong fa sheng zai 08:00~12:00。chi song sao ban ming ci chong de yu hua hang wei ji zhong fa sheng zai 02:00~08:00,xiong chong yu hua hang wei ji zhong fa sheng zai 04:00~8:00。liang chong sao ban ming ci e zai 1~5ri ling jun ke jin hang qiu ou ,leng sha sao ban ming zai 20:00~00:00wei qiu ou gao feng ji ,ci gao feng chu xian zai 00:40~08:00。chi song sao ban ming zai 20:00~00:00wei qiu ou gao feng ji ,ci gao feng chu xian zai 00:40-08:00。leng sha sao ban ming lin yuan qiu ou gao feng ji jiao shi nei di qian 1.5xiao shi ,chi song sao ban ming lin yuan qiu ou gao feng ji jiao shi nei di qian 1xiao shi 。lao ling chu nv ci e jiao gang yu hua ci e hui di qian jin hang qiu ou 。leng sha sao ban ming he chi song sao ban ming zai xiong xing jing zheng dui shou xin xi cun zai tiao jian xia ,xiong e hui yan chang jiao wei chi xu shi jian ,dan shi chan luan liang mei you xian zhe bian hua 。(4)leng sha sao ban ming yue dong chong tai yu yue dong chang suo leng sha sao ban ming yi di ling you chong 、lao shou you chong he yong yue dong ,ji zhong zhu yao yi lao shou you chong xing tai yue dong ,zhan 57.21%,yue dong chang suo wei qiu guo 、ku zhi la xie ceng he tu rang ,yi qiu guo wei zhu ,zhan 75.82%。ji zhong yi lao shou you chong xing tai zai gong song qiu guo zhong yue dong cheng huo lv zui gao ,wei 46.5%。zeng shang suo shu ,tong guo dui sao ban ming cheng chong de chong qun dong tai 、yue dong fang shi 、you chong de kong jian fen bu de yan jiu ,que ding sao ban ming chong tuan zu cheng ,zhang wo ji cheng chong ji you chong fa sheng te dian ,wei sao ban ming de you xiao zeng ge fang zhi di gong yi ju 。tong guo dui sao ban ming cheng chong de qiu ou 、jiao pei deng sheng shi hang wei jin hang guan cha yan jiu ,que ding ji qiu ou 、jiao pei gao feng ji yi ji ji ta sheng shi hang wei te zheng ,wei xing xin xi su de di qu yi ji lin jian fang zhi dian ding ji chu 。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自东北林业大学的牛豪杰,发表于刊物东北林业大学2019-11-18论文,是一篇关于梢斑螟论文,种群动态论文,空间分布格局论文,生殖行为论文,越冬论文,东北林业大学2019-11-18论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自东北林业大学2019-11-18论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:梢斑螟论文; 种群动态论文; 空间分布格局论文; 生殖行为论文; 越冬论文; 东北林业大学2019-11-18论文;