本文主要研究内容
作者王建峰(2019)在《超声辅助水下湿法焊接电弧气泡行为及焊接特性研究》一文中研究指出:水下湿法焊接(Underwater wet welding,UWW)因具有成本低、操作简单及适用能力强等优点,在水下海洋结构件建造与维修中获得了广泛应用。在UWW过程中,电弧周围营造的局部气相区,称为电弧气泡。由于电弧气泡与周围水介质的相互作用,其动态行为会影响电弧稳定性,进而将直接决定焊接过程质量,所以如何改善电弧气泡动态行为是UWW稳定施焊的重中之重。鉴于功率超声在焊接领域广泛应用,利用其特有的声学特性来影响焊接过程具有很好的发展潜力。因此,本文从电弧气泡行为研究的角度出发,提出超声辅助水下湿法焊接(Ultrasonic wave-assisted UWW,U-UWW)这一新方法,通过声辐射力控制电弧气泡动态变化来保证焊接过程稳定性。文中依次分析声场作用下气泡演变过程、电弧稳定性及焊缝成形的变化规律,结合空间声场模拟结果,详细地探讨超声的引入对电弧气泡的影响,揭示电弧气泡的改变对电弧稳定性及熔滴过渡行为的影响机制,并从热过程变化的角度,阐明U-UWW接头性能的改善作用。本文的研究不仅为实现声调控气泡技术提供理论基础,还对提升水下焊接质量具有重要意义。分析了常规UWW和U-UWW电弧气泡行为。采用高速摄像装置和电信号分析系统,对不同焊接参数下常规UWW电弧气泡演变过程进行观察与分析,获得了四种不同的电弧气泡演变模式。以电弧气泡几何尺寸变化为依据,确定常规UWW形成稳定电弧气泡的条件,并通过机械约束方式验证了电弧气泡稳定性评价的可行性。同时,研究了声场作用下不同电弧气泡演变模式的影响规律,发现其形状及运动过程发生变化,其中常见的缩颈现象被消除,气泡的动态稳定性得到改善,其改善程度受焊接参数和声场参数的影响。研究了U-UWW电弧稳定性的变化规律,发现不同焊接参数和声场参数下,U-UWW电弧稳定性均优于常规UWW。借助焊接过程电信号特征和高速摄像等方式研究熔滴过渡行为的变化规律,分析电弧气泡的变化对熔滴过渡过程的影响,着重从熔滴特征尺寸、形态及过渡过程稳定性等方面探究超声所带来的影响。施加超声后熔滴排斥现象减弱,熔滴直径由4.5mm减小到3.83mm,过渡频率由7.9Hz增加到10.5Hz,熔滴过渡周期缩短且过渡过程相对稳定。基于焊缝成形的变化,建立了U-UWW过程稳定性与焊缝成形之间的对应关系,电弧稳定性与熔滴过渡变化对焊缝成形产生影响。在超声作用下,熔池表面始终附着稳定的大尺寸气泡,减少了水介质的冷却散热,使得更多的热量转移到焊接熔池中,焊缝熔深和熔宽均增加。此外,气泡-声相互作用程度也与声场参数、焊接参数有关,导致焊缝几何形状发生变化,在不同焊接参数下,U-UWW的熔合比均增加。结合相应的试验数据,建立平面声场轴对称模型,提取声压、时间平均势及声辐射力等数据,研究了水介质空间内声场分布状态。发现气泡的存在使得水中声压分布明显改变,气泡表面方向向下的轴向声辐射力是约束气泡上浮的主要因素。随后分析了声辐射力与电弧气泡的作用机制,声辐射力改变了常规UWW电弧气泡受力平衡情况,使得电弧气泡在运动过程中存在不同程度的横向偏移。结合水中气泡的运动特征分析声辐射力的作用效果,阐明了声辐射力的影响本质,揭示了四种电弧气泡演变模式在超声作用下出现差异的原因。电弧气泡运动特征的改变使得气体拖曳力和气泡浮力对熔滴过渡的阻碍作用减弱,这是熔滴尺寸和排斥角度减小、过渡频率增加的主要原因。对比分析了常规UWW和U-UWW接头组织和力学性能,从声调控气泡的角度出发,研究了超声对焊接接头组织和力学性能的影响机制。在U-UWW焊缝区相变组织中观察到针状铁素体的存在,在完全相变热影响区,马氏体含量减少而上贝氏体含量增加。与常规UWW相比,U-UWW焊缝和熔合线处冲击韧性均呈现不同程度的提升,接头具有良好的力学性能。对于接头硬度而言,U-UWW焊缝区和热影响区硬度值均低于常规UWW,并且硬度值的跳动减小。对比研究了超声加载方式对焊接熔池凝固过程的影响,并结合热循环特点,揭示了U-UWW接头性能改善的作用机制。将超声加载在母材表面并通过母材传递到熔池中,焊缝相变组织产物与常规UWW的相似,但是晶粒尺寸和形貌产生差异,热影响区组织并没有发生变化,这与超声加载在电弧气泡上方时气泡声调控作用机制不同。声调控作用下气泡演变特征的改变使得焊接热过程明显改善,导致热影响区冷却速度呈现不同程度的降低,熔合线附近热影响区t8/5冷却时间由4s增加到6.4s,最终焊接接头微观组织产生变化,其变化趋势与焊接热过程的特点基本一致。在U-UWW中焊接热过程的变化是造成焊接接头组织和性能改善的最本质原因。
Abstract
shui xia shi fa han jie (Underwater wet welding,UWW)yin ju you cheng ben di 、cao zuo jian chan ji kuo yong neng li jiang deng you dian ,zai shui xia hai xiang jie gou jian jian zao yu wei xiu zhong huo de le an fan ying yong 。zai UWWguo cheng zhong ,dian hu zhou wei ying zao de ju bu qi xiang ou ,chen wei dian hu qi pao 。you yu dian hu qi pao yu zhou wei shui jie zhi de xiang hu zuo yong ,ji dong tai hang wei hui ying xiang dian hu wen ding xing ,jin er jiang zhi jie jue ding han jie guo cheng zhi liang ,suo yi ru he gai shan dian hu qi pao dong tai hang wei shi UWWwen ding shi han de chong zhong zhi chong 。jian yu gong lv chao sheng zai han jie ling yu an fan ying yong ,li yong ji te you de sheng xue te xing lai ying xiang han jie guo cheng ju you hen hao de fa zhan qian li 。yin ci ,ben wen cong dian hu qi pao hang wei yan jiu de jiao du chu fa ,di chu chao sheng fu zhu shui xia shi fa han jie (Ultrasonic wave-assisted UWW,U-UWW)zhe yi xin fang fa ,tong guo sheng fu she li kong zhi dian hu qi pao dong tai bian hua lai bao zheng han jie guo cheng wen ding xing 。wen zhong yi ci fen xi sheng chang zuo yong xia qi pao yan bian guo cheng 、dian hu wen ding xing ji han feng cheng xing de bian hua gui lv ,jie ge kong jian sheng chang mo ni jie guo ,xiang xi de tan tao chao sheng de yin ru dui dian hu qi pao de ying xiang ,jie shi dian hu qi pao de gai bian dui dian hu wen ding xing ji rong di guo du hang wei de ying xiang ji zhi ,bing cong re guo cheng bian hua de jiao du ,chan ming U-UWWjie tou xing neng de gai shan zuo yong 。ben wen de yan jiu bu jin wei shi xian sheng diao kong qi pao ji shu di gong li lun ji chu ,hai dui di sheng shui xia han jie zhi liang ju you chong yao yi yi 。fen xi le chang gui UWWhe U-UWWdian hu qi pao hang wei 。cai yong gao su she xiang zhuang zhi he dian xin hao fen xi ji tong ,dui bu tong han jie can shu xia chang gui UWWdian hu qi pao yan bian guo cheng jin hang guan cha yu fen xi ,huo de le si chong bu tong de dian hu qi pao yan bian mo shi 。yi dian hu qi pao ji he che cun bian hua wei yi ju ,que ding chang gui UWWxing cheng wen ding dian hu qi pao de tiao jian ,bing tong guo ji xie yao shu fang shi yan zheng le dian hu qi pao wen ding xing ping jia de ke hang xing 。tong shi ,yan jiu le sheng chang zuo yong xia bu tong dian hu qi pao yan bian mo shi de ying xiang gui lv ,fa xian ji xing zhuang ji yun dong guo cheng fa sheng bian hua ,ji zhong chang jian de su geng xian xiang bei xiao chu ,qi pao de dong tai wen ding xing de dao gai shan ,ji gai shan cheng du shou han jie can shu he sheng chang can shu de ying xiang 。yan jiu le U-UWWdian hu wen ding xing de bian hua gui lv ,fa xian bu tong han jie can shu he sheng chang can shu xia ,U-UWWdian hu wen ding xing jun you yu chang gui UWW。jie zhu han jie guo cheng dian xin hao te zheng he gao su she xiang deng fang shi yan jiu rong di guo du hang wei de bian hua gui lv ,fen xi dian hu qi pao de bian hua dui rong di guo du guo cheng de ying xiang ,zhao chong cong rong di te zheng che cun 、xing tai ji guo du guo cheng wen ding xing deng fang mian tan jiu chao sheng suo dai lai de ying xiang 。shi jia chao sheng hou rong di pai chi xian xiang jian ruo ,rong di zhi jing you 4.5mmjian xiao dao 3.83mm,guo du pin lv you 7.9Hzzeng jia dao 10.5Hz,rong di guo du zhou ji su duan ju guo du guo cheng xiang dui wen ding 。ji yu han feng cheng xing de bian hua ,jian li le U-UWWguo cheng wen ding xing yu han feng cheng xing zhi jian de dui ying guan ji ,dian hu wen ding xing yu rong di guo du bian hua dui han feng cheng xing chan sheng ying xiang 。zai chao sheng zuo yong xia ,rong chi biao mian shi zhong fu zhao wen ding de da che cun qi pao ,jian shao le shui jie zhi de leng que san re ,shi de geng duo de re liang zhuai yi dao han jie rong chi zhong ,han feng rong shen he rong kuan jun zeng jia 。ci wai ,qi pao -sheng xiang hu zuo yong cheng du ye yu sheng chang can shu 、han jie can shu you guan ,dao zhi han feng ji he xing zhuang fa sheng bian hua ,zai bu tong han jie can shu xia ,U-UWWde rong ge bi jun zeng jia 。jie ge xiang ying de shi yan shu ju ,jian li ping mian sheng chang zhou dui chen mo xing ,di qu sheng ya 、shi jian ping jun shi ji sheng fu she li deng shu ju ,yan jiu le shui jie zhi kong jian nei sheng chang fen bu zhuang tai 。fa xian qi pao de cun zai shi de shui zhong sheng ya fen bu ming xian gai bian ,qi pao biao mian fang xiang xiang xia de zhou xiang sheng fu she li shi yao shu qi pao shang fu de zhu yao yin su 。sui hou fen xi le sheng fu she li yu dian hu qi pao de zuo yong ji zhi ,sheng fu she li gai bian le chang gui UWWdian hu qi pao shou li ping heng qing kuang ,shi de dian hu qi pao zai yun dong guo cheng zhong cun zai bu tong cheng du de heng xiang pian yi 。jie ge shui zhong qi pao de yun dong te zheng fen xi sheng fu she li de zuo yong xiao guo ,chan ming le sheng fu she li de ying xiang ben zhi ,jie shi le si chong dian hu qi pao yan bian mo shi zai chao sheng zuo yong xia chu xian cha yi de yuan yin 。dian hu qi pao yun dong te zheng de gai bian shi de qi ti tuo ye li he qi pao fu li dui rong di guo du de zu ai zuo yong jian ruo ,zhe shi rong di che cun he pai chi jiao du jian xiao 、guo du pin lv zeng jia de zhu yao yuan yin 。dui bi fen xi le chang gui UWWhe U-UWWjie tou zu zhi he li xue xing neng ,cong sheng diao kong qi pao de jiao du chu fa ,yan jiu le chao sheng dui han jie jie tou zu zhi he li xue xing neng de ying xiang ji zhi 。zai U-UWWhan feng ou xiang bian zu zhi zhong guan cha dao zhen zhuang tie su ti de cun zai ,zai wan quan xiang bian re ying xiang ou ,ma shi ti han liang jian shao er shang bei shi ti han liang zeng jia 。yu chang gui UWWxiang bi ,U-UWWhan feng he rong ge xian chu chong ji ren xing jun cheng xian bu tong cheng du de di sheng ,jie tou ju you liang hao de li xue xing neng 。dui yu jie tou ying du er yan ,U-UWWhan feng ou he re ying xiang ou ying du zhi jun di yu chang gui UWW,bing ju ying du zhi de tiao dong jian xiao 。dui bi yan jiu le chao sheng jia zai fang shi dui han jie rong chi ning gu guo cheng de ying xiang ,bing jie ge re xun huan te dian ,jie shi le U-UWWjie tou xing neng gai shan de zuo yong ji zhi 。jiang chao sheng jia zai zai mu cai biao mian bing tong guo mu cai chuan di dao rong chi zhong ,han feng xiang bian zu zhi chan wu yu chang gui UWWde xiang shi ,dan shi jing li che cun he xing mao chan sheng cha yi ,re ying xiang ou zu zhi bing mei you fa sheng bian hua ,zhe yu chao sheng jia zai zai dian hu qi pao shang fang shi qi pao sheng diao kong zuo yong ji zhi bu tong 。sheng diao kong zuo yong xia qi pao yan bian te zheng de gai bian shi de han jie re guo cheng ming xian gai shan ,dao zhi re ying xiang ou leng que su du cheng xian bu tong cheng du de jiang di ,rong ge xian fu jin re ying xiang ou t8/5leng que shi jian you 4szeng jia dao 6.4s,zui zhong han jie jie tou wei guan zu zhi chan sheng bian hua ,ji bian hua qu shi yu han jie re guo cheng de te dian ji ben yi zhi 。zai U-UWWzhong han jie re guo cheng de bian hua shi zao cheng han jie jie tou zu zhi he xing neng gai shan de zui ben zhi yuan yin 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自哈尔滨工业大学的王建峰,发表于刊物哈尔滨工业大学2019-12-07论文,是一篇关于水下湿法焊接论文,声辐射力论文,气泡行为论文,电弧稳定性论文,热过程论文,哈尔滨工业大学2019-12-07论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自哈尔滨工业大学2019-12-07论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:水下湿法焊接论文; 声辐射力论文; 气泡行为论文; 电弧稳定性论文; 热过程论文; 哈尔滨工业大学2019-12-07论文;