TheContrastiveSurveyofWushu,JudoandTaekwondofromCulturePerspective

天津体育学院天津300381

摘要：运用比较分析法与文献资料法，论述了柔道、跆拳道在适应现代体育的发展过程中进行文化改革和文化传播获得成功的因素，指出中国武术散打在恢复发展过程中严重脱离了中国武术文化的衣钵，提出具有鲜明的中国传统文化符号特征，是武术散打国际化与传播的关键；保持中国武术的文化特点、民族特性是中国武术散打发展的基本要求。

关键词：武术柔道跆拳道文化比较TheContrastiveSurveyofWushu,JudoandTaekwondofromCulturePerspective

ZhangTianxia

Abstract:Thispapermainlydeals,bymeansofcomparativeanalysisanddocument,withthesuccessfulfactorsofJudoandTaekwondowhichhaveachievedgreatsuccessintheprocessofthedevelopmentofthemodernsports.MeantimeitalsopointsoutthatChineseWushuhasseparatedfromtheWushu’sspiritsinthecourseofitsrevival.Furthermore,ithasputforwardthetraditionalculturesignswithdistinctcharacteristics.Finally,tomaintaintheculturalcharacteristicsofChinesemartialartsandethnicidentityisabasicrequirementforthedevelopmentofChineseWushu.

Keywords:WushuJudoTaekwondoCultureComparison

【中图分类号】G80【文献标识码】A【文章编号】1009-9646(2009)06-0083-05

1.Introduction

Theworldpoliticalsituationshavechangedremarkablyduringthemiddleandthelateperiodofthe20thcentury.Itiswell-knowntoallthatglobalizationwhichhasbeenformedbecauseofthespeedyeconomicgrowthisabrandednewconcept.Whenitcomestothe21stcentury,thecharacteristicsofglobalizationhasbeenallthemoreobvious.Andglobalizationnowisbecomingatrendthatcannotbestopped.Thetrendsofglobalizationnotonlytouchuponpoliticalandeconomicfields,butalsocausemanynewproblemsinthedevelopmentofthecultureoftheworld,especiallyexertgreatimpactupontheculturesofsometheirowncountriesandpeoples.Peoplehavedifferentviewsasforglobalization,butalongwiththedevelopmentandrealizationofglobalization,peoplesharemanyconcernsthatmatterinthecourseofglobalization.Sportsculture,anintegralpartofChineseculture,hasbecomethecenterofstudy,especiallyWushu,whichisconsideredasnationaltraditionalsportsculture.WiththespeedydevelopmentofChineseeconomy,Chinesetraditionalsportsespeciallyathleticssportshasimprovedgreatly.However,thereisahiddendangerbehindthisdevelopment,thatistosay,ChinesesportsisgraduallylosingitsownculturalquintessencewhileitcravesfortheidentityintheformofWesternsports.Whenitcomestomartialarts,wemeanthatthepresentmartialartsareinthedirectionofathleticssothatitcanadaptitselftothetrendofwesternsports.PeoplestudyWushujustfromthestandpointofitsfunctions.Evenwhenpeoplestudyitfromacultureperspectivetheyjustdoitfromaninterpretationandanalysis.However,weshoulddevelopandpromoteWushufromitscultureandnationalcharacteristics.HereIwouldliketotalkaboutthecharacteristicsofWushuanditsnationalcharacteroftheinheritanceanddevelopmentofJudo,Taekwondo.ThroughanalysisandcomparisonwewilltrytofindoutthedeficienciesofChinesemartialarts.ThesuccessfulintroductionanddevelopmentofJudoandTaekwondointheinvolvementoftheOlympicGamesindicatethatthemodernOlympicGamesembodythedifferencesbetweentheEastandtheWest.TheculturaldevelopmenthasprovidedalotofvaluablethingsforChineseWushuknownworldwide.BywayoftheculturalstudyintermsofWushu,JudoandTaekwondowehavenewunderstandingofChinesemartialartsintheinternationalculturaldevelopment,meanwhileithasprovidedchanceofspreadingChinesemartialartsintheworld.

2.TheComparisonofChineseMartialArtsandJudoandTaekwondofromtheStandpointofSportsCulture

ChineseWushu,alsoknownasgongfu(alsospeltaskungfu)ormartialarts,avaluableculturalheritageoftheChinesenation,isatraditionalChinesesportwithauniquenationalcharacteristic.Itenjoysalonghistoryandalargenumberofpractitioners.Basedonmovementsemployedinfighting,suchaskicking,striking,throwing,catching,repelling,andstabbing,Wushuispracticedinvarioustypesofsetexercise,eitherbarehandedorslow,hardorsoft,thepractitionerswrestlewitheachotherandtrytooutwiteachother,whichhelpthemtobuildtheirphysique,heightentheirwill,cultivatethemselvesandpreservetheirlives.

ChineseWushuislonginhistory,richincontentandvariedinform.TodayWushugenerallyfallsinto5categories:barehandedexercises,exerciseswithweapons,dualcombats,groupperformances,andcombatusingoffensiveanddefensiveskills.

Wushuhasbecomewidelypopularamongthecommonpeople.Asaresult,thereappearedquiteafewmartialartistswithuniqueskillssuchasYueNǚ,YuanGong,LuShigong,etc.Topromotetheexchangesofwushu,extraordinarymartialartistscamefromallpartsofthecountryforacompetitiontwiceayear,onceinspringandonceinautumn.Hand-to-handcombatandswordplaybecamethemostpopulareventsofcompetition.Wushuatthistimedidnotjustmeetpeople’sneedsforsurvival.Itgraduallybecamepartofpeople’severydaylifeorculturalenjoyment.Withthedevelopmentofhistory,Wushubegantobecomeanimportantcomponentofhumanculture.

Sportscultureismainlymanifestedintheformofphysicalactivityandcontainsgenerousspiritofnationalculture.Intheprocessofculturaldevelopment,ithasbecomeavisibleandexplicitculturalsymbol.TheChinesenationhasalonghistoryofcivilization.IntheprocessofevolutionChinesepeoplehavecreatedbrilliantculture.Traditionalsportshavebecomestrongerandstrongerduringthisperiod.China’suniquewayofthinking、theoreticalform、values、thespiritsandlanguagestyleallhavemadegreatcontributiontothegrowthofChinesesportsculture.Asaculturalheritage,traditionalsportshaveaprofoundculturalbackgroundandmeantimeplayaleadingroleinthehistoryofChinesecivilization,amongwhichWushuisthemostrepresentative.Basedonthisuniqueculturewhenweconductastudyweshouldpidethissportscultureintospiritculture,behaviorcultureandmaterialculture.Itcanbeseenfromthechartbelow:TheComparisonofJudoandTaekwondowithWushufromaCulturalPerspective

Sports

CultureSpirit

CultureMaterialSystemCultureBehaviorSystemCulturetheValueofSportsNationalCostumeGymnasiumProtector&CompetitionAreaRankRules&PurposesWushu

SandaPoliteness

-oriented

Generalsensemandatory

uniformwith

nofeaturesVariousWushu

schooland

instituteofPEHeadgear,Legprotector,chestprotector,protectivecup,mouthpiece,glove.

Thecompetitionring:

hight-60cm

length-800cm

width-800cm

coveredbyasoftmatPrimaryDan

(1ST-3rd)

MiddleDan

(4th-6th)

TopDan

(7th-9th)encourageto

attackactively、

emphasisoncreation,

braveryJudoteachespatience

emphasison

JudoeducationuniqueJapanese

uniform,judogi,

consistingof

pants,ajacket

andabelttied

twicearound

thewaist.Anmultiple

countyguildin

transmitting

andstudyNoaddprotector

JudoCompetition

areamin14m2

max16m2

Thecompetitionarea

ismadeoftatamior

othermaterial

analogoustotatami1st-5thKyu

1st-10thDanEmphasison

etiquette

encourageto

subdue

opponentsby

usingtechniqueTaekw

ondoAthletesbowto

eachotheratthe

beginningand

intheend

surpass

oneselffortitudetaekwondo

uniformcalled

dobokAnmultiple

countyguild

ineducation

andstudyHelmet,groin,forearmprotection,shinguards,hogu

Ａ12squaremeters

coveredbyamat.

The8msquarein

middleisthecontest

area&theouterpart

iscalledthealertzone10Geups

9Dans

3poomsTeachespatienceandtheresolvetoovercomeanydifficultyanddevelopstheself-confidenceinanysituation2.1TheComparisonofSpiritsCulture.

2.1.1TheComparisonofMorality.JapaneseJudoattachesmoreimportancetomindexercise.Itassociatesmindandtechniquewithbodyandaimstocultivatepeople’sidentityandcharacter.Throughthetraining,itaimstodevelopthespiritsofloyaltyandreward,awarenessofhumiliationandpraiseofviolence.Moreover,onthebasisofbodybuilding,italsoinstillstheelementofmind-training.Moreimportantitplacesimportanceonthemanners,behaviorandthemoralityofteachers.Itseekstheunityofstruggleandpeaceintheprocessofcompetition.

TaekwondohasabsorbedthethoughtsofChineseConfucianethicseducationandmanifesteditselfintheformofetiquette.Itpraisesthespiritsofetiquettefromthebeginningtotheend,kindnessandmodesty,thespiritsofperseveranceandselfimprovement.Itrequiresthedoerstoperformnotonappearance,butfromthebottomoftheirhearts.Afteralongtermpracticeandcompetition,suchetiquetteismadetorootintheirDNA.

ChineseWushu,oneitemwhichpresentsChinesetraditionalculturequintessence,canbecalled“themoralfist”.Fromthewaysofattackanddefense,wecanseethatitformswithdoctrineofthemeanandtheinaction.AndTaijiquanpaysattentiontothesacrificeandthemotionlessnessandflexibility.Taijiquanembodiesthemoralcharacternotonlyinoralorwrittenform,butintheconcreteskillwhichadoptstheprinciplesofkindnesseither.

2.1.2Comparisonbetweentheaestheticideas.Inthepracticeofjudo,we’rerequiredtohavethesenseofcorrectetiquette,selfcontrol,honestyandobedience.Inthe“freeanddisordered”onetoonewrestling,thoughitisfierce,westillshouldperfectlyselfdisciplinetoachievethe“Tao”degree,whichmeansweshould“makegooduseofourenergyandbenefitourselvesandothers”.Insuchwaywe’llgetalongwitheachotherharmoniouslyandachievepeacefulcoexistencebetweencountries.

IntheTaekwondopractice,theorientationis“thesenseofetiquette,thesenseofhonorandshameaswellasthespiritofperseverance”.Itaimstofosterusthespiritofbravery,decisivenessandpatience,throughwhichwecanbuildupthecharacterofstickatitivenessandactivepersonalityandformthevirtueofbenevolenceandmodesty.Sothecharacterofpatriotismanddedicationarebuiltupaswell.Asanintegratedcultureideology,“Taiji”treatstheconcept“Integrationofnatureandman”asthecoreofculturalcharacter.ChineseWushufollowstheideaofbenevolence,righteousness,propriety,wisdomandfidelity,whichistheessenceofChinesetraditionalcultureandembodiestheunitynotonlybetweenmanandmanalsomanandnature.However,ononehand,WushuSandaexternallyshowsthewesterncivilization—fullofheroics、stuntandexcitement;ontheotherhand,itinternallyhasashortageoforientalcivilizationcharacter.Justasthesayinggoes,onlywhatisnationalbelongstotheworld,everynationhasitsowncultureanditcouldn’tliveordevelopwithoutitsownculture.Butasapartofthenationalculture,thetraditionalphysicalculture,andtraditionalsportswoulddeclineandevendisappeariftheyarecontrolledbythewesternphysicalcultureideas.Nottosaytodevelopandstrengthenit.

2.2Comparisonsofthematerialculture.

2.2.1Comparisonbetweenthefields.Taekwondocompetitionfieldis12㎡.Itisahorizontalandflatsquare.Thereshouldbeaspongycushiononthefield.Ifnecessary,thefiledshouldbe50to60cmhigherthanthefloor.Theanglebetweenthesupportequipmentandthefloorshouldbelessthan30°.The8㎡squareinthecenteristhecompetitionsection.

Thecompetitionareainjudoconsistsofvinylcoveredfoammats,ortatami,twometerslong,ameterwideandjoinedtogethertofroma14-metersquarewiththreespecificareas.Theinnerarea,thegreencontestarea,isasixmetersquare.Itisboundedbyaonemeterredarea,ordangerzone,whichalertsjudocompetitorsthattheyarenearlyoutofbounds.Theoutsidezone,thesafetyzone,isthreemeterswide.Thisareaisoutofbounds.Twopiecesoftape,oneblueandonewhite,appearinthemiddleofthecontestarea.Fourmetersapart,theymarkwherethecompetitorsorjudokastandtobeginandendeachbout.

ThecompetitionfieldofSandaisanarena.Itisawoodstagewhichis60cmhigh,800cmwideand800cmlong.Thestageiscoveredwithaflexiblemat,whichisalsocoveredbyacanvassheet.ThereisaTaijimapinthecenterofthestage,whosediameteris100cm.Theedgeis5cmwidemarkedwitharedline.The10cmwideyellowwarninglineisabout90cmawayfromtheedgeonthefoursides.Thegroundallaroundthestagelayssupplementarymats,whichareabout20~40cmhighand200cmwide.

2.2.2Comparisonbetweenthenationalcostume.ThepropertyofJapanesejudoclothingshowsitsnationidentityofJudosport.Theathletesarebarehandedandbarefooted,ADanbeltistiedonthewaist,whichmakesthedistinctionveryvisible.Meanwhiletheuseofthemulticolorcostumemakesthecompetitionmoreappreciativeandfairer.

TaekwondocostumeshowsthevividKoreanationalcharacter.ThepatternandcolorofthecostumereflecttheKoreantraditionthatwhiteistheirfavoritecolor.Itisaddedwiththewhite,redandblackbelttodistinguishdifferentranksandintensifythespectators’visualfeeling.

WushuSandaathleteswearpantsandsportsgiblet,whichnotonlybreaksawayfromtheinnateChinesetraditionalcharacterapparently,butalsogoesfarbeyondthetraditionalChineseWushuspiritruthlessly.

2.2.3Thecomparisonbetweentheassemblyhalls.TheJapanesejudo’s“preachinghall”isnotonlyitsresearchcenter,butalsooneofspreadingways.ThroughtheJudoassociationintheworld,Japanbringsforwardtheideathat“popularizingthejudopreachinghalltofurtherthefriendshipandcommunicationbetweentheJudoexperts.Throughthedevelopmentoftheresearchmethod,Judoisputforwardintheworld.”Morethan170countrieshavetakenpartintheinternationalJudoassociation.

TheKoreanTaekwondoisspreadthroughthe“Taekwondohall”.TheTaekwondohallsaroundtheworldbecomethelargestspreadingnetwork,whichmakesitconvenientforthepeopleintheworldtolearnandpractiseTaekwondo.TheNationalTaekwondoCollegeinSouthKoreaisconsideredastheTaekwondoteachingandtheoreticalresearchcenterofthewholeworld.Therearemorethan160countriesanddistrictswhichbecomethemembersoftheworldTaekwondoassociation.About70millionpeoplearetakingpartinthesport.

2.3Thecomparisonbetweentheactionsystems.

2.3.1Thecomparisonbetweenthescorestandards.

2.3.1.1Itshowsthedifferentevaluationideasandmethods.TheevaluationofWuahuSandatakesonthefollowingcharacteristics:①thetraditional“arena”idea②theideatogetscore“delicately”③emphasisthedifficultyoftheaction.TheTaekwondoshowsitsbrief,exactandenergeticcharacter.Itemphasesonthecontrollingcharacter.

2.3.1.2Comparisonbetweendifferentevaluationideasandmethods.Thegreatcommunicativeandmeltingtrendofthe21stcenturymakesthenationalphysicalgamemoreinternationalandappreciative.ThestandardoftheTaekwondocompetitionhasnoconceptofthemovementsandposition,soitiseasytopopularize,controlandjudge.Theathletewhocorrectlyandpowerfullystrikestheopponentscertainpartwillscore.Itespeciallymeetsthewesternsportsthoughtbecauseitisobjectiveandeasilyevaluated.Itencouragestheathletestostrikeandkickboldlyinthecompetitionfieldandlettheenergyexplodedtotallyinamoment,whichcatersfortheaudiences’requirementofexcitementandfierceness.

TheevaluatingstandardintheWushuSandacompetitionisthatonewhoisbeatenoffthe“arena”twicewilllosethegame.Itinheritsthetraditionalstandardof“DaLeitai”.“Leitai”,whichmeansastage,isthesymbolofaqualifiedwarrior.Onewhoisoutofthestagemeanslosingthegames.Nomatterhowfierceorpassivethecompetitionis,nocompetitorcaneasilygiveup.Thecompetitor’sspiritandwillinthecompetitionarehighlypraised.Thiscompetitionencouragesusingspecialskillstogetscores.Itemphasizestogetscoreby“skill”.Thatistoencouragethecompetitorstousesuitableskilltowinthegame.Itshowstheintegratedstrategyofournationandournationalcharacteristic.Forinstance,accordingtothe“rulesof2004WushuSanda”,amendedbyChineseWushuadministration.WushuSandapaysmoreattentiontothedifficultmotivation.Thiscatersforthemodernsportsrequirement.Itisaperfectcombinationofstrength,speed,skillandenergy.Itismuchmoreexciting,fierceandamazing.

2.3.2ThecomparisonoftheactionlimitationsandpunishmentstandardsbetweenSandaandTaekwondo.

2.3.2.1Theactionlimitationandpunishmentstandardissimilarinthemass.Theybothattachtheimportancetothebuildingofsportmoralityandsportspirit.Theyalsolaystressonthesafetyoftheplayer.Bothpayattentiontothegooddevelopmentoftheskillandadvocateanexciting,fierceandnormalcompetition.Bothreflecthighsportprinciple.

2.3.2.2TheDifferenceofbehaviorlimitationandpenalizedrulesbetweenWushuSandaandTaekwondo.①ThepenalizedrulesinWushuSandaarethatifonesideisexhortedorwarned,theotherscores;Taekwondoisthattheparticipantwhoiswarnedorscorescutwillbesubtractedscores.②ThepenalizedrulesinWushuSandaaremoreinclinedtothenatureandcategoryoffoul,conductingexhortationorwarning;Taekwondomainlymakeswarningorscorescuttingaccordingtothedegreeoffoul.③WushuSandastressesmorethenegativepenaltyincontest;Taekwondomainlyfocusesonthenonstandardizedtechnicalpenalty,reflectingthedifferentrespectiveideasofartofattackanddefense,technicalspiritsanddistinctevaluatingpointofviewandapproach.

2.3.3Comparisonofranksobtained.Judowinsthehonorifictitleof‘TraditionalJapaneseAthletics’inJapan.Judoranksystemwasestablishedin1884.Rankpromotionsystemcontainsfivegrades,tenDanswasmadetopushpeopletopractiseJudo,whichwasalsoregardedasthesymboloflearningandjudgingthedegreeofcultivatingone’smind.Taekwondoiscalled‘traditionalKoreanathletics’inKorea,thepromotionofranksdonotaskonlyfortheabilityofpractisingbutalsofortheabilityofwrestling,whichpreservestheintegrityoftraditionaltacticscomprehensively,andmanifeststhefeaturesoftechnicalwrestlingproject.TheranksofTaekwondoincludetengrades,threeclassesandnineranks.Thedistinctionsbetweenthemareratherdetailedandstandard.TheseventhandtheninthareonlyimpartedtothosewhosurpassothersinknowledgeorthosewhohavemaderemarkablecontributionstoTaekwondoathletics.GettingtheTaekwondocoachqualificationinKoreaneedsnotonlypassingthetechnicalexams,butalsotheexamsofmoraltasteandknowledge.Thehighrankcoachesalsohavetopassthethesisdefense.ThiskindofdistincthierarchysystemmakesTaekwondoathleticsnotonlyhavethetechnicalandvisualnature,butalsotheacademicnature.

ThegradeassessmentofChineseWushuSandaisonlyconfinedtotheactualcombat.ItnotonlybreakawayfromWushuestablishedseriesofmovement,butalsoporcesfromthepatternofkeepingfitandpractising,andthefeaturesofdisplayingrichandvariedartofattackanddefense,whichChineseWushustresses.Evenworse,mostpractisingpersonsarelackoftherelevantknowledge,andnotacceptinggoodeducation,whichmakesWushupractisersthemselvesnotpossessthedeservedhumanisticqualities,sotheyhavenothinglikeinpublicizingandpopularizingofChinesenationalculture.

2.3.4Contrastofcontestsystems.Japanenjoysthefameof‘countryofJudo,holdingthefirstpostwarNationalJudoContestin1948andsettingupJapaneseJudoLeaguein1949.NowcenteringontheNationalJudoContestCongress,JapanholdsRegionalJuniorHighSchoolStudents’JudoContest(equaltothesecondaryschoolstudentsinChina),UniversityStudents’SuperiorContest(equaltoseniorstudentsinChina).NationalUniversityStudents’WinningContestetc.JapandirectedthefirstinternationalJudochampionshipin1956.InTokyoOlympicsin1964,Men’sJudoofficiallybecamethecontestitem.Women’sJudoalsoofficiallybecamethecontestiteminOlympicsin1992.

InternationalContestofTaekwondomainlyincludesinternationalTaekwondochampionship、Asian、AfricanTaekwondoChampionship,InternationalUniversityAthleticsinTaekwondocontest,InternationalSoldiers’AthleticsinTaekwondocontestetc.KoreaseizedthechanceofholdingOlympicsinSoulin1988,makingTaekwondobecometheOlympicsperformingitem.In2000TaekwondoofficiallybecameOlympics’contestevent.SandainWushuathleticswasregardedasapeculiarathleticeventinourcountry,resumedin1979,butthesystemofcontestlackscoherenceabroadandathome,whichisaconsciousproblemthatSandacontestsystemhas.Atpresent,nationalcontestmainlymakesuseofthewayofthepointprotectiveappliance,butinternationalconteststilladoptstheprotectiveappliance.Andwhetherthereareprotectiveappliancesornot,itwillcausegreatdistinctionbetweentacticalarrangementandtechnicalexploitation.

2.3.5Contrastofcontestpatterns.Judoitselfincludescomprehensivelywrestlingtechniquesofkicking,beatingthrowingandcatching.TheymadetechnicallimitationandhadsomedangeroustechniquesintraditionalJudodeletedinordertomakeJudoentertheOlympics.Thusformsthetechnicalsystemofcenteringonthrowingskillsandfixedskillsontheground.Thiskindofcontestpatternwhichdoesnotdefeattheopponentbyphysicalpowerbutcontroltheopponentbytechniqueshelpdeveloptechnicalproficiency.

InordertoconformtotherequirementoftheOlympics,technicallimitationiscarriedoutonthetraditionalTaekwondointheprocessofreform,whichgivesprominencetothecharacteroflegskillsandninetypercenttechniquesofTaekwondoarelegskills,whichiscalledtheartoflegs.Theconcisenessoftheactionisbeneficialtothemasteryofactionandqualifiedassessment.

ModernathleticsSandaregardscloseattack,farkickasthemajorwayofattackanddefense.Initsprocessofdevelopment,‘catch’–oneinfourtechniquesintraditionalWushuwasdeleted.AlthoughsafetyofSandaisguaranteed,thealienationwascausedtothetraditionalWushuskills,anditcannolongerrepresentthecharacterofartofattackanddefensewhicharestressedbyChineseWushuspirit.

3.Conclusion

3.1Culturaldifferenceisthepremiseoftheculturedisseminationbetweencountries.Soculturecharacteristicandculturetraditionhavebecomeanimportantsymbolofanation.TaijibecomesasymbolofChinaandChinesecostumebecomesasymbolofKongfu.Allthesereflectthespecialattractionofournationalsportsculture.ThetraditionalWushuissuperiortotheJudoandTaekwondonotonlyonthebeatingeffect,butalsoonthefunctionofbodybuildingandtheculturespirit.ButChineseSandawentfurtherandfurtheroffthetraditionalWushuculture.Whenitreturnstoitsdevelopment,itfellbehindTaekwondoandJudowhetherinmoralitycultivationorinthetransmittingoftechnique.So,ChineseWushu’sreformshouldaimatenhancingthedevelopmentofthetraditionalsport.WeshoulddeveloptraditionalWushuonthebasesofthemultidevelopmentofsport.

3.2Becauseofitsuniquecultureideology,thoughtsandvalues,ChineseWushuhasgreatinfluenceonTaekwondo.ButWushuSanda,JudoandTaekwondoaresimilarinthefightingskill.ItgivesuptheessenceofChineseWushufightingskillintheform.Undertherestraintofthewesternmode,WushuSandaimitatestheprotection,costumeandthecompetitionmethodmechanically,whichmakesthecontentofourtraditionalsportsystemnearlydisappear.ButJudoandTaekwondohavesuccessfullywontheirownplacesinthecompetitivesportworldwhichruledbythewesternsport.ThisisbecauseJudoandTaekwondokeepanduseagreatnumberoftheirownnationalculturesymbols.SoWushuSandareformshouldsucceedthedynamicsymbolsofChinesesportculture.

3.3CompetitiveWushuisourcountry’smainpopularizationintheworldwhichisfitforOlympicstrategyofWushu,butwhetheritisfitforthemostoverseapeople’srequirementisnotcertain.SowhenwepopularizecompetitiveWushu,weshouldalsopayattentiontothetraditionalWushu’spopularization.Withthefastdevelopmentofmodernlife,peoplearemoreadapttolearnsomesportitemswhichareeasytolearn.ComparedwithcomplicatedskillofWushutheycan’tgetshorttermeffect,anditcouldn’tmeetmostoverseapeople’sneeds.WushuterminologiesofitsuniqueethnicstylehasbeenformedduringthedevelopmentofWushu.ManyWushuterminologiescanonlybeunderstoodandacceptedwhenpeopleknowChinesetraditionalculturebackgroundandknowledge.Inaddition,theChinese–EnglishtranslationofWushulacksitsnormandunityatpresent,anditseriouslyaffectWushu’sinternationalpopularization.

3.4Asthefactthatthepersityofculturemakestheworldcolorful,weshouldunderstandandrespectthepersity.GeneralizationintheglobalizationofOlympicdoesn’tmeanuniformedstandardorsingleculture,Europeanizationorwesternization.Olympiceducationshouldbemulticultural.Likewise,Chinesetraditionalsportsshouldmakeeffortstodevelopouruniquespiritandcultureonthebaseofintegratingwesternsportsandmodernsports.Onceanationlosesitsownculture,itwilllosesitsplaceintheworld.Likewise,thedevelopmentoftraditionalsportsisinthesamestate.Ifwelosetheprecioussportsculture,itwillbesuchanevil.SoChineseWushushouldassimilatemeritsofothersportsonthebaseofpreservingitsownnationalcharacteristic.Inthisway,Wushuwillbeacceptedbythewholeworld.Reference

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