本文主要研究内容
作者方晓敏(2019)在《超滤浓缩EPS及其正渗透膜分离实验研究》一文中研究指出:活性污泥法乃目前常规污水处理技术,其问题是处理过程中产生大量难以处理/处置的剩余污泥。剩余污泥中胞外聚合物(EPS)占其干重比例达1040%,所含特殊官能团对水中重金属离子具有很强的吸附能力,况且EPS还会影响到污泥的脱水性能。如果能将EPS回收利用,则在获得重金属吸附剂的同时也可改善污泥脱水性能,亦可实现污泥减量作用。传统分离EPS方法不仅含水率高、能耗大,且存在二次污染问题。相形之下,膜分离则无后顾之忧。因此,本研究采用超滤以及正渗透(死端与扫流模式)膜过滤方式,以藻酸盐和实际EPS作为研究对象,探究其膜污染机理,以及EPS膜分离回收过程与重金属离子吸附去除相耦合作用。不同提取方法获得EPS产量及组分有所不同,本研究以CER法获得的EPS作为研究对象。金属离子可与EPS中羧酸基团结合,可减轻超滤膜过滤过程中膜污染现象,金属离子减轻程度为Al3+>Fe3+>Ca2+>Mg2+,且三价金属离子较二价离子来说效果要好。EPS对Pb2+理论最大吸附量高达645.2 mg/g,EPS滤饼层对Pb2+、Cu2+与Cd2+去除率均可达80%以上。EPS超滤膜回收与重金属离子去除耦合实验显示,重金属离子去除率受超滤膜对EPS回收率与EPS滤饼吸附过程过滤压力影响。Ca2+与硅藻土能减轻EPS膜浓缩回收的过滤阻抗,但不影响重金属离子去除率。Ca2+减轻膜污染只在低过滤压力下(p1=20 kPa)方有效果。正渗透膜朝向会影响正渗透过程中的水通量,且活性层朝向驱动液侧时通量下降速要高于朝向料液侧。因Ca2+与SA发生交联反应,减轻了扫流以及死端无隔板正渗透过程中的膜污染现象。死端过滤时污垢层较为致密,因而水通量下降速率高于扫流模式,且因驱动液被稀释而引起的通量下降部分很少。正渗透隔板会使单位膜面积上积累的污垢增多,导致通量急剧下降;通过添加Ca2+之方式并不能有效减轻膜污染。
Abstract
huo xing wu ni fa nai mu qian chang gui wu shui chu li ji shu ,ji wen ti shi chu li guo cheng zhong chan sheng da liang nan yi chu li /chu zhi de sheng yu wu ni 。sheng yu wu ni zhong bao wai ju ge wu (EPS)zhan ji gan chong bi li da 1040%,suo han te shu guan neng tuan dui shui zhong chong jin shu li zi ju you hen jiang de xi fu neng li ,kuang ju EPShai hui ying xiang dao wu ni de tuo shui xing neng 。ru guo neng jiang EPShui shou li yong ,ze zai huo de chong jin shu xi fu ji de tong shi ye ke gai shan wu ni tuo shui xing neng ,yi ke shi xian wu ni jian liang zuo yong 。chuan tong fen li EPSfang fa bu jin han shui lv gao 、neng hao da ,ju cun zai er ci wu ran wen ti 。xiang xing zhi xia ,mo fen li ze mo hou gu zhi you 。yin ci ,ben yan jiu cai yong chao lv yi ji zheng shen tou (si duan yu sao liu mo shi )mo guo lv fang shi ,yi zao suan yan he shi ji EPSzuo wei yan jiu dui xiang ,tan jiu ji mo wu ran ji li ,yi ji EPSmo fen li hui shou guo cheng yu chong jin shu li zi xi fu qu chu xiang ou ge zuo yong 。bu tong di qu fang fa huo de EPSchan liang ji zu fen you suo bu tong ,ben yan jiu yi CERfa huo de de EPSzuo wei yan jiu dui xiang 。jin shu li zi ke yu EPSzhong suo suan ji tuan jie ge ,ke jian qing chao lv mo guo lv guo cheng zhong mo wu ran xian xiang ,jin shu li zi jian qing cheng du wei Al3+>Fe3+>Ca2+>Mg2+,ju san jia jin shu li zi jiao er jia li zi lai shui xiao guo yao hao 。EPSdui Pb2+li lun zui da xi fu liang gao da 645.2 mg/g,EPSlv bing ceng dui Pb2+、Cu2+yu Cd2+qu chu lv jun ke da 80%yi shang 。EPSchao lv mo hui shou yu chong jin shu li zi qu chu ou ge shi yan xian shi ,chong jin shu li zi qu chu lv shou chao lv mo dui EPShui shou lv yu EPSlv bing xi fu guo cheng guo lv ya li ying xiang 。Ca2+yu gui zao tu neng jian qing EPSmo nong su hui shou de guo lv zu kang ,dan bu ying xiang chong jin shu li zi qu chu lv 。Ca2+jian qing mo wu ran zhi zai di guo lv ya li xia (p1=20 kPa)fang you xiao guo 。zheng shen tou mo chao xiang hui ying xiang zheng shen tou guo cheng zhong de shui tong liang ,ju huo xing ceng chao xiang qu dong ye ce shi tong liang xia jiang su yao gao yu chao xiang liao ye ce 。yin Ca2+yu SAfa sheng jiao lian fan ying ,jian qing le sao liu yi ji si duan mo ge ban zheng shen tou guo cheng zhong de mo wu ran xian xiang 。si duan guo lv shi wu gou ceng jiao wei zhi mi ,yin er shui tong liang xia jiang su lv gao yu sao liu mo shi ,ju yin qu dong ye bei xi shi er yin qi de tong liang xia jiang bu fen hen shao 。zheng shen tou ge ban hui shi chan wei mo mian ji shang ji lei de wu gou zeng duo ,dao zhi tong liang ji ju xia jiang ;tong guo tian jia Ca2+zhi fang shi bing bu neng you xiao jian qing mo wu ran 。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自北京建筑大学的方晓敏,发表于刊物北京建筑大学2019-07-05论文,是一篇关于胞外聚合物论文,超滤论文,重金属吸附论文,正渗透论文,死端过滤论文,扫流过滤论文,北京建筑大学2019-07-05论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自北京建筑大学2019-07-05论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:胞外聚合物论文; 超滤论文; 重金属吸附论文; 正渗透论文; 死端过滤论文; 扫流过滤论文; 北京建筑大学2019-07-05论文;