本文主要研究内容
作者刘一茗（2019）在《西藏伦坡拉盆地油气成藏动力学研究》一文中研究指出：伦坡拉盆地位于西藏自治区班戈县境内,是在燕山褶皱期海相基底上发展起来的新生代陆相盆地,盆地经历了断陷、拗陷及构造隆升三个构造演化阶段,后期的构造隆升对盆地原生油气藏有着强烈的调整改造作用。伦坡拉盆地的勘探程度较低,实际资料和理论认识也比较少,但作为西藏地区唯一获工业性油气流的盆地,不管是勘探实践,还是理论研究,均具有重要的研究价值与意义。本文基于伦坡拉盆地实际油气地质特征及资料状况,充分利用研究区现有钻井、测井、地震及分析测试资料并吸纳前人相关研究成果和勘探最新进展,补充开展野外地质调查、岩心观察及相关测试分析工作,以油气成藏动力学理论为指导,点（钻井）-线（剖面）-面（平面）相结合,系统分析评价伦坡拉盆地烃源岩、储层、保存及温压等油气成藏地质条件,定量、动态刻画其油气生排运聚过程,并探讨油气藏的调整改造过程,最后在典型油藏对比解剖的基础上,建立油气成藏模式,总结成藏主控因素,进而预测盆地有利油气成藏区带。论文主要取得了以下成果及认识:1.油气地质成藏条件伦坡拉盆地以始新统牛堡组为主要烃源岩,且有机质丰度在不同凹陷不同层位表现出较大的差异性。横向上,各层系烃源岩有机质丰度分布总体上有“西高东低、北高于南”的特征,好烃源岩（TOC>0.8%）主要发育于盆地中西部蒋日阿错凹陷和江加错凹陷。元素分析法、显微组分分析法、岩石热解分析法和氯仿沥青“A”族组成判别法等多种方法研究表明,伦坡拉盆地牛堡组烃源岩有机质类型以II1型为主,I型次之。实测镜质体反射率（Ro）揭示,牛堡组二段烃源岩现今大多处于中成熟阶段（0.7%<Ro<1.3%）,牛堡组三段烃源岩则多处于低成熟阶段（0.5%<Ro<0.7%）。油源对比证实,储集于牛堡组二段的原油主要来源于其自身烃源岩,属自生自储型,而储集于牛堡组三段的原油部分来源于牛堡组二段,部分来源于其自身,既有自生自储型,也有下生上储型。伦坡拉盆地发育三角洲、扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲及湖底扇等储集体,岩性以砂砾岩、细砂岩、白云质粉砂岩、灰质粉砂岩及白云岩等为主,其储集物性多呈低孔低渗的特征,且不同凹陷之间存在一定的差异。其中,西部蒋日阿错凹陷和东部爬错凹陷以牛堡组三段中亚段储层物性最好,而中部江加错凹陷牛堡组二段下亚段储集物性最好。伦坡拉盆地发育牛堡组二段、牛堡组三段、丁青湖组二段及丁青湖组三段四套泥质岩盖层,其中以牛堡组二段上亚段和牛堡组三段下亚段盖层最为重要,其单层泥岩厚度最大可达600m,泥地比最高达0.9,排替压力最高达13MPa,具有较强的区域封盖能力,为油气保存提供了有利的封盖条件。伦坡拉盆地牛堡组地层水型以NaHCO3型为主,pH值普遍高于7,Ca2+与Mg2+成正相关关系,地层水矿化度较低,且随深度增加有降低的趋势,反映该区地层水处于积极交替带内,多为开启的、氧化-弱氧化水文地质环境,油气保存条件多为较差-差级别。伦坡拉盆地受晚期断裂改造强烈,中东部发育大量张扭性质的调节断层,对原生油气藏起调整改造作用,西部则多为“通天”类型的大断裂,对原生油气藏有着较大的破坏作用。2.油气成藏动力学过程在野外露头、钻井岩心、测井及地震资料识别的基础上,综合应用流体包裹体法、泥岩声波时差法及地层对比法恢复的牛堡组顶界面剥蚀量在平面上表现为中部剥蚀量小,南北剥蚀量大,且北部大于南部的特征;应用地层对比法估算的丁青湖组顶界面剥蚀厚度在盆地西部约600m,东部约300m。伦坡拉盆地单井埋藏史曲线呈“两段式”,断陷期的总沉降速率及构造沉降速率明显高于坳陷期及调整改造期。伦坡拉盆地具有较高的古、今地温梯度,属于典型的“热盆”,受牛堡组沉积末期和丁青湖组沉积末期两次地壳抬升的影响,盆地地温场经历两期“升温-降温”演化过程。不同凹陷烃源岩热成熟史存在较大差异,蒋日阿错凹陷牛堡组一段和牛堡组二段下亚段烃源岩进入生油及生气门限的时间均早于江加错凹陷和爬错凹陷,且现今多处于中-高成熟阶段（Ro=0.7%-2.0%）,而牛堡组二段上亚段及以上层系烃源岩则表现为中东部江加错凹陷和爬错凹陷进入生油门限的时间早于西部蒋日阿错凹陷,且现今多处于低成熟阶段（Ro=0.5%-0.7%）。伦坡拉盆地牛堡组同一层段烃源岩开始生排油的时间早于生排气时间,且生排油率大于生排气率,但排气效率高于排油效率,排气效率多高于50%,而排油效率则多小于50%;受烃源岩热演化程度的制约,深部烃源岩生排烃时间早于浅部烃源岩,生排油气率也相对较大;牛堡组二段中亚段及其以上烃源岩层段至今尚无规模天然气的生成与排出。伦坡拉盆地主成藏期的压力和流体势平面分布具有较好的继承性,古压力在平面上呈现为“中部高两侧低”,古流体势在平面上呈现为“中南部高,西北及东部低”。在此基础上,结合沉积相、烃源岩热成熟度以及封盖能力分布对油气二次运移路径和圈闭预测的结果揭示,盆地中央凹陷带的岩性圈闭是原生气藏的有利聚集区。显微岩相学观察揭示伦坡拉盆地牛堡组储层发育盐水、含烃盐水及烃类三种类型的流体包裹体,并主要呈线状、带状分布在石英微裂隙和方解石胶结物中。烃类包裹体的荧光颜色丰富,具蓝白色、蓝色、黄色及橙黄色等,定性指示不同成熟度原油的多期充注;烃类包裹体荧光光谱主峰波长存在495nm与540nm两个峰值,定量揭示盆地牛堡组存在两期油气充注。基于与烃类包裹体相伴生的同期盐水包裹体的均一温度在地层埋藏史图上的投点结果,确定出伦坡盆地牛堡组储层两期油气充注的时间分别为距今30-27Ma与23-21Ma,并以第二期为主。伦坡拉盆地晚期断裂活动、地层褶皱、抬升剥蚀及地层切割作用强烈,原生油气藏形成后普遍经历了物理调整改造作用,并在此基础上大多遭受了生物降解、水洗、氧化等化学调整与改造作用,导致其原油轻质组分减小,重质组分增加,密度变大,黏度增高,从而形成了现今的稠油藏。3.油气成藏模式及主控因素伦坡拉盆地目前已发现的8个油藏中有7个为稠油藏,1个为轻质油藏,且现已发现的油藏主要分布在中央凹陷带的断裂发育区,并具纵向分布层位多,横向运移距离长,油藏调整改造活跃的特点。基于典型油藏精细解剖,可将伦坡拉盆地油藏的成藏模式划归为“晚期破坏型”与“晚期保存型”两大类。其中,“晚期破坏型”多形成稠油藏,如红星梁稠油藏（早期超压-断层联合封闭晚期断层破坏型）、红山头稠油藏（近源断层垂向输导晚期断层破坏型）及长山古油藏（中源砂体侧向输导晚期抬升破坏型）,而“晚期保存型”则形成常规油藏,如罗马迪库油藏（远源砂体侧向输导晚期保存型）。综合油气成藏地质条件分析、成藏动力学过程重建及典型油藏精细解剖等成果,提出伦坡拉盆地油气成藏受烃源、储层和保存“三元”复合控制,并进而将伦坡拉盆地的勘探区带按成藏条件评价划分为I、II、III三类,其中I类区带2个,包括以构造-岩性圈闭为主的蒋日阿错凹陷及爬错凹陷,其成藏条件最为优越;II类区带2个,为以构造-岩性圈闭为主的达玉山逆掩推覆带及以岩性圈闭为主的江加错凹陷;III类区带3个,包括以构造圈闭为主的鄂加卒逆冲褶皱带与伦坡日-长山褶皱隆起带及以构造-岩性圈闭为主的蒋日阿错南冲断褶皱带,其成藏条件相对较差。
Abstract
lun po la pen de wei yu xi cang zi zhi ou ban ge xian jing nei ,shi zai yan shan zhe zhou ji hai xiang ji de shang fa zhan qi lai de xin sheng dai liu xiang pen de ,pen de jing li le duan xian 、ao xian ji gou zao long sheng san ge gou zao yan hua jie duan ,hou ji de gou zao long sheng dui pen de yuan sheng you qi cang you zhao jiang lie de diao zheng gai zao zuo yong 。lun po la pen de de kan tan cheng du jiao di ,shi ji zi liao he li lun ren shi ye bi jiao shao ,dan zuo wei xi cang de ou wei yi huo gong ye xing you qi liu de pen de ,bu guan shi kan tan shi jian ,hai shi li lun yan jiu ,jun ju you chong yao de yan jiu jia zhi yu yi yi 。ben wen ji yu lun po la pen de shi ji you qi de zhi te zheng ji zi liao zhuang kuang ,chong fen li yong yan jiu ou xian you zuan jing 、ce jing 、de zhen ji fen xi ce shi zi liao bing xi na qian ren xiang guan yan jiu cheng guo he kan tan zui xin jin zhan ,bu chong kai zhan ye wai de zhi diao cha 、yan xin guan cha ji xiang guan ce shi fen xi gong zuo ,yi you qi cheng cang dong li xue li lun wei zhi dao ,dian （zuan jing ）-xian （pou mian ）-mian （ping mian ）xiang jie ge ,ji tong fen xi ping jia lun po la pen de ting yuan yan 、chu ceng 、bao cun ji wen ya deng you qi cheng cang de zhi tiao jian ,ding liang 、dong tai ke hua ji you qi sheng pai yun ju guo cheng ,bing tan tao you qi cang de diao zheng gai zao guo cheng ,zui hou zai dian xing you cang dui bi jie pou de ji chu shang ,jian li you qi cheng cang mo shi ,zong jie cheng cang zhu kong yin su ,jin er yu ce pen de you li you qi cheng cang ou dai 。lun wen zhu yao qu de le yi xia cheng guo ji ren shi :1.you qi de zhi cheng cang tiao jian lun po la pen de yi shi xin tong niu bao zu wei zhu yao ting yuan yan ,ju you ji zhi feng du zai bu tong ao xian bu tong ceng wei biao xian chu jiao da de cha yi xing 。heng xiang shang ,ge ceng ji ting yuan yan you ji zhi feng du fen bu zong ti shang you “xi gao dong di 、bei gao yu na ”de te zheng ,hao ting yuan yan （TOC>0.8%）zhu yao fa yo yu pen de zhong xi bu jiang ri a cuo ao xian he jiang jia cuo ao xian 。yuan su fen xi fa 、xian wei zu fen fen xi fa 、yan dan re jie fen xi fa he lv fang li qing “A”zu zu cheng pan bie fa deng duo chong fang fa yan jiu biao ming ,lun po la pen de niu bao zu ting yuan yan you ji zhi lei xing yi II1xing wei zhu ,Ixing ci zhi 。shi ce jing zhi ti fan she lv （Ro）jie shi ,niu bao zu er duan ting yuan yan xian jin da duo chu yu zhong cheng shou jie duan （0.7%<Ro<1.3%）,niu bao zu san duan ting yuan yan ze duo chu yu di cheng shou jie duan （0.5%<Ro<0.7%）。you yuan dui bi zheng shi ,chu ji yu niu bao zu er duan de yuan you zhu yao lai yuan yu ji zi shen ting yuan yan ,shu zi sheng zi chu xing ,er chu ji yu niu bao zu san duan de yuan you bu fen lai yuan yu niu bao zu er duan ,bu fen lai yuan yu ji zi shen ,ji you zi sheng zi chu xing ,ye you xia sheng shang chu xing 。lun po la pen de fa yo san jiao zhou 、shan san jiao zhou 、bian zhuang he san jiao zhou ji hu de shan deng chu ji ti ,yan xing yi sha li yan 、xi sha yan 、bai yun zhi fen sha yan 、hui zhi fen sha yan ji bai yun yan deng wei zhu ,ji chu ji wu xing duo cheng di kong di shen de te zheng ,ju bu tong ao xian zhi jian cun zai yi ding de cha yi 。ji zhong ,xi bu jiang ri a cuo ao xian he dong bu pa cuo ao xian yi niu bao zu san duan zhong ya duan chu ceng wu xing zui hao ,er zhong bu jiang jia cuo ao xian niu bao zu er duan xia ya duan chu ji wu xing zui hao 。lun po la pen de fa yo niu bao zu er duan 、niu bao zu san duan 、ding qing hu zu er duan ji ding qing hu zu san duan si tao ni zhi yan gai ceng ,ji zhong yi niu bao zu er duan shang ya duan he niu bao zu san duan xia ya duan gai ceng zui wei chong yao ,ji chan ceng ni yan hou du zui da ke da 600m,ni de bi zui gao da 0.9,pai ti ya li zui gao da 13MPa,ju you jiao jiang de ou yu feng gai neng li ,wei you qi bao cun di gong le you li de feng gai tiao jian 。lun po la pen de niu bao zu de ceng shui xing yi NaHCO3xing wei zhu ,pHzhi pu bian gao yu 7,Ca2+yu Mg2+cheng zheng xiang guan guan ji ,de ceng shui kuang hua du jiao di ,ju sui shen du zeng jia you jiang di de qu shi ,fan ying gai ou de ceng shui chu yu ji ji jiao ti dai nei ,duo wei kai qi de 、yang hua -ruo yang hua shui wen de zhi huan jing ,you qi bao cun tiao jian duo wei jiao cha -cha ji bie 。lun po la pen de shou wan ji duan lie gai zao jiang lie ,zhong dong bu fa yo da liang zhang niu xing zhi de diao jie duan ceng ,dui yuan sheng you qi cang qi diao zheng gai zao zuo yong ,xi bu ze duo wei “tong tian ”lei xing de da duan lie ,dui yuan sheng you qi cang you zhao jiao da de po huai zuo yong 。2.you qi cheng cang dong li xue guo cheng zai ye wai lou tou 、zuan jing yan xin 、ce jing ji de zhen zi liao shi bie de ji chu shang ,zeng ge ying yong liu ti bao guo ti fa 、ni yan sheng bo shi cha fa ji de ceng dui bi fa hui fu de niu bao zu ding jie mian bao shi liang zai ping mian shang biao xian wei zhong bu bao shi liang xiao ,na bei bao shi liang da ,ju bei bu da yu na bu de te zheng ;ying yong de ceng dui bi fa gu suan de ding qing hu zu ding jie mian bao shi hou du zai pen de xi bu yao 600m,dong bu yao 300m。lun po la pen de chan jing mai cang shi qu xian cheng “liang duan shi ”,duan xian ji de zong chen jiang su lv ji gou zao chen jiang su lv ming xian gao yu ao xian ji ji diao zheng gai zao ji 。lun po la pen de ju you jiao gao de gu 、jin de wen ti du ,shu yu dian xing de “re pen ”,shou niu bao zu chen ji mo ji he ding qing hu zu chen ji mo ji liang ci de ke tai sheng de ying xiang ,pen de de wen chang jing li liang ji “sheng wen -jiang wen ”yan hua guo cheng 。bu tong ao xian ting yuan yan re cheng shou shi cun zai jiao da cha yi ,jiang ri a cuo ao xian niu bao zu yi duan he niu bao zu er duan xia ya duan ting yuan yan jin ru sheng you ji sheng qi men xian de shi jian jun zao yu jiang jia cuo ao xian he pa cuo ao xian ,ju xian jin duo chu yu zhong -gao cheng shou jie duan （Ro=0.7%-2.0%）,er niu bao zu er duan shang ya duan ji yi shang ceng ji ting yuan yan ze biao xian wei zhong dong bu jiang jia cuo ao xian he pa cuo ao xian jin ru sheng you men xian de shi jian zao yu xi bu jiang ri a cuo ao xian ,ju xian jin duo chu yu di cheng shou jie duan （Ro=0.5%-0.7%）。lun po la pen de niu bao zu tong yi ceng duan ting yuan yan kai shi sheng pai you de shi jian zao yu sheng pai qi shi jian ,ju sheng pai you lv da yu sheng pai qi lv ,dan pai qi xiao lv gao yu pai you xiao lv ,pai qi xiao lv duo gao yu 50%,er pai you xiao lv ze duo xiao yu 50%;shou ting yuan yan re yan hua cheng du de zhi yao ,shen bu ting yuan yan sheng pai ting shi jian zao yu jian bu ting yuan yan ,sheng pai you qi lv ye xiang dui jiao da ;niu bao zu er duan zhong ya duan ji ji yi shang ting yuan yan ceng duan zhi jin shang mo gui mo tian ran qi de sheng cheng yu pai chu 。lun po la pen de zhu cheng cang ji de ya li he liu ti shi ping mian fen bu ju you jiao hao de ji cheng xing ,gu ya li zai ping mian shang cheng xian wei “zhong bu gao liang ce di ”,gu liu ti shi zai ping mian shang cheng xian wei “zhong na bu gao ,xi bei ji dong bu di ”。zai ci ji chu shang ,jie ge chen ji xiang 、ting yuan yan re cheng shou du yi ji feng gai neng li fen bu dui you qi er ci yun yi lu jing he juan bi yu ce de jie guo jie shi ,pen de zhong yang ao xian dai de yan xing juan bi shi yuan sheng qi cang de you li ju ji ou 。xian wei yan xiang xue guan cha jie shi lun po la pen de niu bao zu chu ceng fa yo yan shui 、han ting yan shui ji ting lei san chong lei xing de liu ti bao guo ti ,bing zhu yao cheng xian zhuang 、dai zhuang fen bu zai dan ying wei lie xi he fang jie dan jiao jie wu zhong 。ting lei bao guo ti de ying guang yan se feng fu ,ju lan bai se 、lan se 、huang se ji cheng huang se deng ,ding xing zhi shi bu tong cheng shou du yuan you de duo ji chong zhu ;ting lei bao guo ti ying guang guang pu zhu feng bo chang cun zai 495nmyu 540nmliang ge feng zhi ,ding liang jie shi pen de niu bao zu cun zai liang ji you qi chong zhu 。ji yu yu ting lei bao guo ti xiang ban sheng de tong ji yan shui bao guo ti de jun yi wen du zai de ceng mai cang shi tu shang de tou dian jie guo ,que ding chu lun po pen de niu bao zu chu ceng liang ji you qi chong zhu de shi jian fen bie wei ju jin 30-27Mayu 23-21Ma,bing yi di er ji wei zhu 。lun po la pen de wan ji duan lie huo dong 、de ceng zhe zhou 、tai sheng bao shi ji de ceng qie ge zuo yong jiang lie ,yuan sheng you qi cang xing cheng hou pu bian jing li le wu li diao zheng gai zao zuo yong ,bing zai ci ji chu shang da duo zao shou le sheng wu jiang jie 、shui xi 、yang hua deng hua xue diao zheng yu gai zao zuo yong ,dao zhi ji yuan you qing zhi zu fen jian xiao ,chong zhi zu fen zeng jia ,mi du bian da ,nian du zeng gao ,cong er xing cheng le xian jin de chou you cang 。3.you qi cheng cang mo shi ji zhu kong yin su lun po la pen de mu qian yi fa xian de 8ge you cang zhong you 7ge wei chou you cang ,1ge wei qing zhi you cang ,ju xian yi fa xian de you cang zhu yao fen bu zai zhong yang ao xian dai de duan lie fa yo ou ,bing ju zong xiang fen bu ceng wei duo ,heng xiang yun yi ju li chang ,you cang diao zheng gai zao huo yue de te dian 。ji yu dian xing you cang jing xi jie pou ,ke jiang lun po la pen de you cang de cheng cang mo shi hua gui wei “wan ji po huai xing ”yu “wan ji bao cun xing ”liang da lei 。ji zhong ,“wan ji po huai xing ”duo xing cheng chou you cang ,ru gong xing liang chou you cang （zao ji chao ya -duan ceng lian ge feng bi wan ji duan ceng po huai xing ）、gong shan tou chou you cang （jin yuan duan ceng chui xiang shu dao wan ji duan ceng po huai xing ）ji chang shan gu you cang （zhong yuan sha ti ce xiang shu dao wan ji tai sheng po huai xing ）,er “wan ji bao cun xing ”ze xing cheng chang gui you cang ,ru luo ma di ku you cang （yuan yuan sha ti ce xiang shu dao wan ji bao cun xing ）。zeng ge you qi cheng cang de zhi tiao jian fen xi 、cheng cang dong li xue guo cheng chong jian ji dian xing you cang jing xi jie pou deng cheng guo ,di chu lun po la pen de you qi cheng cang shou ting yuan 、chu ceng he bao cun “san yuan ”fu ge kong zhi ,bing jin er jiang lun po la pen de de kan tan ou dai an cheng cang tiao jian ping jia hua fen wei I、II、IIIsan lei ,ji zhong Ilei ou dai 2ge ,bao gua yi gou zao -yan xing juan bi wei zhu de jiang ri a cuo ao xian ji pa cuo ao xian ,ji cheng cang tiao jian zui wei you yue ;IIlei ou dai 2ge ,wei yi gou zao -yan xing juan bi wei zhu de da yu shan ni yan tui fu dai ji yi yan xing juan bi wei zhu de jiang jia cuo ao xian ;IIIlei ou dai 3ge ,bao gua yi gou zao juan bi wei zhu de e jia cu ni chong zhe zhou dai yu lun po ri -chang shan zhe zhou long qi dai ji yi gou zao -yan xing juan bi wei zhu de jiang ri a cuo na chong duan zhe zhou dai ,ji cheng cang tiao jian xiang dui jiao cha 。
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论文作者分别是来自中国地质大学的刘一茗，发表于刊物中国地质大学2019-09-24论文，是一篇关于油气成藏论文,流体包裹体论文,成藏模式论文,主控因素论文,伦坡拉盆地论文,中国地质大学2019-09-24论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自中国地质大学2019-09-24论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：油气成藏论文; 流体包裹体论文; 成藏模式论文; 主控因素论文; 伦坡拉盆地论文; 中国地质大学2019-09-24论文;