本文主要研究内容
作者余斌潇(2019)在《贵州草海湿地植物对沉积物中磷形态分布的影响》一文中研究指出:贵州草海因历史原因曾遭受过大面积排水放干,导致其完整的生态结构被严重破坏。人为活动的加剧加速了草海湿地生态功能结构的退化,目前草海水质已处于轻中度富营养化状态。磷作为湿地水体富营养化的关键性限制因子之一,在水体和沉积物中以多种不同的形态存在,具有不同的迁移特性和生物有效性,对湿地水体富营养化控制至关重要。本文采用化学连续提取法对草海沉积物不同形态磷进行提取分析,根据磷形态的迁移转化特性和生物有效性对沉积物磷二次释放潜力进行充分评估;湿地植物作为草海生态功能结构中不可忽视的重要组成,对水体和沉积物中磷的地球化学行为具有重要影响,通过野外样品调查分析和室内对比培养等方式,以不同植被条件下水体和沉积物磷组分为研究对象,结合沉积物理化因子相关关系分析,讨论草海沉积物磷形态迁移转化的影响因素,可为草海水体富营养化提供合理建议。主要结果如下:(1)湿地植物系统对水体营养物质具有良好的吸收作用,在降低水体氮磷水平的同时有利于抑制水体中藻类的繁殖。不同植被类型下,草海湖区沉积物总磷(TP)平均含量为0.38±0.07 g·kg-1,剖面特征反映出草海近些年存在一定程度的受污染现象。草海沉积物有机磷(Or-p)是提取磷形态的主要组成,在水深区域(湖心)含量突出,其积累与湿地植物关系密切并对应该部分较高的潜在磷释放风险。碎屑钙磷(De-p)、闭蓄态磷(Oc-p)和自生钙磷(Aca-p)含量相对次之,在空间分布上无明显特征,对草海水体富营养化影响较小。交换态磷(Ex-p)、铝磷(Al-p)和铁磷(Fe-p)在草海沉积物磷形态中占比不大,但其赋存转化受沉积物理化因子(pH、TN和SOC等)影响明显,具有较强的迁移特性和生物利用性。(2)草海湖滨带芦苇植物体不同部位磷含量存在差异分布,呈现叶TP>茎TP>根TP的典型生物积累特征。根据芦苇磷积累特点能反映出该区域沉积物的受污染情况,建议通过定期收割芦苇等方式以减少磷流向水体的比例。芦苇根际沉积物TP含量为0.69±0.18g·kg-1,高于非根际沉积物TP含量,根系沉积物TP积累特征反映出植物生长对周围环境具有良好的磷富集作用。在空间分布上,沉积物TP分布特征反映出草海湖滨带对外源磷有一个良好的截留作用,应重视草海周边湖滨带的生态保护工作。芦苇根际沉积物磷形态含量顺序为有机磷Or-p(43.78%)>碎屑钙磷De-p(29.50%)>自生钙磷Aca-p(12.38%)>闭蓄态磷Oc-p(12.20%)>交换态Ex-p(1.75%)>铝磷Al-p(0.27%)>铁磷Fe-p(0.13%)。其中Or-p的积累主要源于芦苇残体腐烂沉积,在根际含量高于非根际。Aca-p的积累与沉积物自身性质相关,与沉积物pH呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),其含量沿公路至湖区呈逐步递减特征。根际沉积物Ex-p含量高于非根际,含量沿公路至湖区呈逐步递减特征,其迁移转化受多重环境因子的共同影响。(3)在为期12周的室内对比培养中,湿地植物生长能有效促进上覆水体pH升高,加速界面可溶性磷酸盐(SRP)交互趋于稳定的低水平,降低水体总磷(TP)含量。植物生长能在一定程度上降低沉积物总磷(TP)水平,表明植物生长对沉积物营养物质具有良好的吸收作用,且芦苇的吸收效果优于水葱。植物生长能显著降低沉积物活性磷(Act-p)水平,与植物株高呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01),对沉积物磷的直接释放风险控制具有重要意义;植物生长对沉积物有机磷(Or-p)的含量变化表现为轻度的影响,对沉积物非活性磷(Ina-p)含量变化无明显影响效果。
Abstract
gui zhou cao hai yin li shi yuan yin ceng zao shou guo da mian ji pai shui fang gan ,dao zhi ji wan zheng de sheng tai jie gou bei yan chong po huai 。ren wei huo dong de jia ju jia su le cao hai shi de sheng tai gong neng jie gou de tui hua ,mu qian cao hai shui zhi yi chu yu qing zhong du fu ying yang hua zhuang tai 。lin zuo wei shi de shui ti fu ying yang hua de guan jian xing xian zhi yin zi zhi yi ,zai shui ti he chen ji wu zhong yi duo chong bu tong de xing tai cun zai ,ju you bu tong de qian yi te xing he sheng wu you xiao xing ,dui shi de shui ti fu ying yang hua kong zhi zhi guan chong yao 。ben wen cai yong hua xue lian xu di qu fa dui cao hai chen ji wu bu tong xing tai lin jin hang di qu fen xi ,gen ju lin xing tai de qian yi zhuai hua te xing he sheng wu you xiao xing dui chen ji wu lin er ci shi fang qian li jin hang chong fen ping gu ;shi de zhi wu zuo wei cao hai sheng tai gong neng jie gou zhong bu ke hu shi de chong yao zu cheng ,dui shui ti he chen ji wu zhong lin de de qiu hua xue hang wei ju you chong yao ying xiang ,tong guo ye wai yang pin diao cha fen xi he shi nei dui bi pei yang deng fang shi ,yi bu tong zhi bei tiao jian xia shui ti he chen ji wu lin zu fen wei yan jiu dui xiang ,jie ge chen ji wu li hua yin zi xiang guan guan ji fen xi ,tao lun cao hai chen ji wu lin xing tai qian yi zhuai hua de ying xiang yin su ,ke wei cao hai shui ti fu ying yang hua di gong ge li jian yi 。zhu yao jie guo ru xia :(1)shi de zhi wu ji tong dui shui ti ying yang wu zhi ju you liang hao de xi shou zuo yong ,zai jiang di shui ti dan lin shui ping de tong shi you li yu yi zhi shui ti zhong zao lei de fan shi 。bu tong zhi bei lei xing xia ,cao hai hu ou chen ji wu zong lin (TP)ping jun han liang wei 0.38±0.07 g·kg-1,pou mian te zheng fan ying chu cao hai jin xie nian cun zai yi ding cheng du de shou wu ran xian xiang 。cao hai chen ji wu you ji lin (Or-p)shi di qu lin xing tai de zhu yao zu cheng ,zai shui shen ou yu (hu xin )han liang tu chu ,ji ji lei yu shi de zhi wu guan ji mi qie bing dui ying gai bu fen jiao gao de qian zai lin shi fang feng xian 。sui xie gai lin (De-p)、bi xu tai lin (Oc-p)he zi sheng gai lin (Aca-p)han liang xiang dui ci zhi ,zai kong jian fen bu shang mo ming xian te zheng ,dui cao hai shui ti fu ying yang hua ying xiang jiao xiao 。jiao huan tai lin (Ex-p)、lv lin (Al-p)he tie lin (Fe-p)zai cao hai chen ji wu lin xing tai zhong zhan bi bu da ,dan ji fu cun zhuai hua shou chen ji wu li hua yin zi (pH、TNhe SOCdeng )ying xiang ming xian ,ju you jiao jiang de qian yi te xing he sheng wu li yong xing 。(2)cao hai hu bin dai lu wei zhi wu ti bu tong bu wei lin han liang cun zai cha yi fen bu ,cheng xian xie TP>jing TP>gen TPde dian xing sheng wu ji lei te zheng 。gen ju lu wei lin ji lei te dian neng fan ying chu gai ou yu chen ji wu de shou wu ran qing kuang ,jian yi tong guo ding ji shou ge lu wei deng fang shi yi jian shao lin liu xiang shui ti de bi li 。lu wei gen ji chen ji wu TPhan liang wei 0.69±0.18g·kg-1,gao yu fei gen ji chen ji wu TPhan liang ,gen ji chen ji wu TPji lei te zheng fan ying chu zhi wu sheng chang dui zhou wei huan jing ju you liang hao de lin fu ji zuo yong 。zai kong jian fen bu shang ,chen ji wu TPfen bu te zheng fan ying chu cao hai hu bin dai dui wai yuan lin you yi ge liang hao de jie liu zuo yong ,ying chong shi cao hai zhou bian hu bin dai de sheng tai bao hu gong zuo 。lu wei gen ji chen ji wu lin xing tai han liang shun xu wei you ji lin Or-p(43.78%)>sui xie gai lin De-p(29.50%)>zi sheng gai lin Aca-p(12.38%)>bi xu tai lin Oc-p(12.20%)>jiao huan tai Ex-p(1.75%)>lv lin Al-p(0.27%)>tie lin Fe-p(0.13%)。ji zhong Or-pde ji lei zhu yao yuan yu lu wei can ti fu lan chen ji ,zai gen ji han liang gao yu fei gen ji 。Aca-pde ji lei yu chen ji wu zi shen xing zhi xiang guan ,yu chen ji wu pHcheng xian zhe zheng xiang guan guan ji (P<0.05),ji han liang yan gong lu zhi hu ou cheng zhu bu di jian te zheng 。gen ji chen ji wu Ex-phan liang gao yu fei gen ji ,han liang yan gong lu zhi hu ou cheng zhu bu di jian te zheng ,ji qian yi zhuai hua shou duo chong huan jing yin zi de gong tong ying xiang 。(3)zai wei ji 12zhou de shi nei dui bi pei yang zhong ,shi de zhi wu sheng chang neng you xiao cu jin shang fu shui ti pHsheng gao ,jia su jie mian ke rong xing lin suan yan (SRP)jiao hu qu yu wen ding de di shui ping ,jiang di shui ti zong lin (TP)han liang 。zhi wu sheng chang neng zai yi ding cheng du shang jiang di chen ji wu zong lin (TP)shui ping ,biao ming zhi wu sheng chang dui chen ji wu ying yang wu zhi ju you liang hao de xi shou zuo yong ,ju lu wei de xi shou xiao guo you yu shui cong 。zhi wu sheng chang neng xian zhe jiang di chen ji wu huo xing lin (Act-p)shui ping ,yu zhi wu zhu gao cheng ji xian zhe fu xiang guan guan ji (P<0.01),dui chen ji wu lin de zhi jie shi fang feng xian kong zhi ju you chong yao yi yi ;zhi wu sheng chang dui chen ji wu you ji lin (Or-p)de han liang bian hua biao xian wei qing du de ying xiang ,dui chen ji wu fei huo xing lin (Ina-p)han liang bian hua mo ming xian ying xiang xiao guo 。
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论文作者分别是来自贵州师范大学的余斌潇,发表于刊物贵州师范大学2019-07-22论文,是一篇关于贵州草海论文,沉积物论文,磷形态论文,湿地植物论文,释放风险论文,贵州师范大学2019-07-22论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自贵州师范大学2019-07-22论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:贵州草海论文; 沉积物论文; 磷形态论文; 湿地植物论文; 释放风险论文; 贵州师范大学2019-07-22论文;