本文主要研究内容
作者詹汉（2019）在《扶埂开沟膜下灌对温室番茄节水效应的研究》一文中研究指出：根据沟灌入渗特性,提出扶埂开沟膜下灌新型灌水技术,即在传统沟灌技术上进行改进,增加垄高,降低沟深,与覆膜技术相结合,利于沟灌侧向入渗。为进一步探明扶埂开沟膜下灌温室大棚内的节水效益,以番茄为研究对象,通过扶埂开沟膜下灌与常规沟灌对比研究,分析两种沟灌方式对温室番茄的生长、产量、光合特性及水分利用效率的影响,探索扶埂开沟膜下灌对土壤水分运移的规律,以期获得适用于温室番茄沟灌的节水高效灌溉制度。取得的主要成果如下:(1)在扶埂开沟膜下灌条件下,山于水平向含水量梯度的存在,导致垄背水分补给明显,且在覆膜条件下,垄背水分损失少,水分在垄上运移时间增多,入渗湿润锋成扁平化。扶埂开沟膜下灌能够改善温室番茄田间小气候,温室内平均温度比常规沟灌的温室温度提高6.73%,湿度降低7.01%,对温室内升温、降湿效果明显。(2)在扶埂开沟膜下灌条件下,水分调亏生育阶段的不同使温室番茄的耗水量存在差异。从整个生育阶段分析,番茄在结果期耗水量最大,开花坐果期次之,苗期最少。全生育期番茄耗水量,充分灌溉(FCK处理)>苗期调亏灌溉(FL1处理)>开花坐果期调亏灌溉(FL2处理)>结果期调亏灌溉(FL3处理)。(3)扶埂开沟膜下灌温室番茄的株高、径粗、叶面积指数、千物质积累均高于常规沟灌。运用Losgistic模型得到扶埂开沟膜下灌温室番茄株高的生长经验模型,实测值与模拟值的决定系数均在0.99以上。运用高斯模型得到扶埂开沟膜下灌温室番茄叶面积指数的生长经验模型,实测值与模拟值的决定系数均在0.98以上。番茄在所期进行水分调亏处理复水后补偿效果明显,可提高番茄的叶绿素a、b含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度。(4)与常规沟灌相比,扶埂开沟膜下灌水分利用效率提高约16.81%。所有处理中FL1处理(苗期调亏灌溉)的灌溉水利用效率最高,FL3处理(结果期调亏灌溉)的维生素C、番茄红素含量最大,糖酸比处于最佳范围内找通过计算获得,扶埂开沟膜下灌条件下温室番茄水分生产函数模型为Ya/Ym=(ET2/ETm1)00068(ET2/ETm2)0.2087(ET3/ETM3)0.3773.(5)运用AHP-DEA-灰色关联综合效益评价方法,将番茄的品质、经济效益综合的考虑并对各个处理进行评价。从综合评判指数来看,FL1处理(扶埂开沟膜下灌+苗期调亏)评价值最高。表明扶埂开沟膜下灌+温室番茄苗期亏水处理(灌溉下限为田持的60%)为最优方案,即:苗期灌水1次+开花坐果期灌溉4次+结果期5次,每次灌水定额为40mm,总灌水量400mm。
Abstract
gen ju gou guan ru shen te xing ,di chu fu geng kai gou mo xia guan xin xing guan shui ji shu ,ji zai chuan tong gou guan ji shu shang jin hang gai jin ,zeng jia long gao ,jiang di gou shen ,yu fu mo ji shu xiang jie ge ,li yu gou guan ce xiang ru shen 。wei jin yi bu tan ming fu geng kai gou mo xia guan wen shi da peng nei de jie shui xiao yi ,yi fan jia wei yan jiu dui xiang ,tong guo fu geng kai gou mo xia guan yu chang gui gou guan dui bi yan jiu ,fen xi liang chong gou guan fang shi dui wen shi fan jia de sheng chang 、chan liang 、guang ge te xing ji shui fen li yong xiao lv de ying xiang ,tan suo fu geng kai gou mo xia guan dui tu rang shui fen yun yi de gui lv ,yi ji huo de kuo yong yu wen shi fan jia gou guan de jie shui gao xiao guan gai zhi du 。qu de de zhu yao cheng guo ru xia :(1)zai fu geng kai gou mo xia guan tiao jian xia ,shan yu shui ping xiang han shui liang ti du de cun zai ,dao zhi long bei shui fen bu gei ming xian ,ju zai fu mo tiao jian xia ,long bei shui fen sun shi shao ,shui fen zai long shang yun yi shi jian zeng duo ,ru shen shi run feng cheng bian ping hua 。fu geng kai gou mo xia guan neng gou gai shan wen shi fan jia tian jian xiao qi hou ,wen shi nei ping jun wen du bi chang gui gou guan de wen shi wen du di gao 6.73%,shi du jiang di 7.01%,dui wen shi nei sheng wen 、jiang shi xiao guo ming xian 。(2)zai fu geng kai gou mo xia guan tiao jian xia ,shui fen diao kui sheng yo jie duan de bu tong shi wen shi fan jia de hao shui liang cun zai cha yi 。cong zheng ge sheng yo jie duan fen xi ,fan jia zai jie guo ji hao shui liang zui da ,kai hua zuo guo ji ci zhi ,miao ji zui shao 。quan sheng yo ji fan jia hao shui liang ,chong fen guan gai (FCKchu li )>miao ji diao kui guan gai (FL1chu li )>kai hua zuo guo ji diao kui guan gai (FL2chu li )>jie guo ji diao kui guan gai (FL3chu li )。(3)fu geng kai gou mo xia guan wen shi fan jia de zhu gao 、jing cu 、xie mian ji zhi shu 、qian wu zhi ji lei jun gao yu chang gui gou guan 。yun yong Losgisticmo xing de dao fu geng kai gou mo xia guan wen shi fan jia zhu gao de sheng chang jing yan mo xing ,shi ce zhi yu mo ni zhi de jue ding ji shu jun zai 0.99yi shang 。yun yong gao si mo xing de dao fu geng kai gou mo xia guan wen shi fan jia xie mian ji zhi shu de sheng chang jing yan mo xing ,shi ce zhi yu mo ni zhi de jue ding ji shu jun zai 0.98yi shang 。fan jia zai suo ji jin hang shui fen diao kui chu li fu shui hou bu chang xiao guo ming xian ,ke di gao fan jia de xie lu su a、bhan liang 、jing guang ge su lv 、zheng teng su lv 、qi kong dao du 。(4)yu chang gui gou guan xiang bi ,fu geng kai gou mo xia guan shui fen li yong xiao lv di gao yao 16.81%。suo you chu li zhong FL1chu li (miao ji diao kui guan gai )de guan gai shui li yong xiao lv zui gao ,FL3chu li (jie guo ji diao kui guan gai )de wei sheng su C、fan jia gong su han liang zui da ,tang suan bi chu yu zui jia fan wei nei zhao tong guo ji suan huo de ,fu geng kai gou mo xia guan tiao jian xia wen shi fan jia shui fen sheng chan han shu mo xing wei Ya/Ym=(ET2/ETm1)00068(ET2/ETm2)0.2087(ET3/ETM3)0.3773.(5)yun yong AHP-DEA-hui se guan lian zeng ge xiao yi ping jia fang fa ,jiang fan jia de pin zhi 、jing ji xiao yi zeng ge de kao lv bing dui ge ge chu li jin hang ping jia 。cong zeng ge ping pan zhi shu lai kan ,FL1chu li (fu geng kai gou mo xia guan +miao ji diao kui )ping jia zhi zui gao 。biao ming fu geng kai gou mo xia guan +wen shi fan jia miao ji kui shui chu li (guan gai xia xian wei tian chi de 60%)wei zui you fang an ,ji :miao ji guan shui 1ci +kai hua zuo guo ji guan gai 4ci +jie guo ji 5ci ,mei ci guan shui ding e wei 40mm,zong guan shui liang 400mm。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自西安理工大学的詹汉，发表于刊物西安理工大学2019-07-19论文，是一篇关于扶埂开沟膜下灌论文,番茄生长模型论文,灌溉制度论文,水分利用效率论文,灰色关联分析法论文,西安理工大学2019-07-19论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自西安理工大学2019-07-19论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：扶埂开沟膜下灌论文; 番茄生长模型论文; 灌溉制度论文; 水分利用效率论文; 灰色关联分析法论文; 西安理工大学2019-07-19论文;