本文主要研究内容
作者陶子曦（2019）在《林下仿野生栽培金线莲品质动态变化研究》一文中研究指出：金线莲(Anoectochilus roxburghii)为兰科(Orchidaceae),开唇兰属(Anoectochilus)草本植物,主产于福建和台湾地区,具有止痛镇咳、清热解毒、祛风利湿等功效。它既可以治疗肺结核咳血,糖尿病等病症,又在缓解膀胱炎,风湿性及类风湿性关节炎方面也有显著疗效。随着其药用价值和保健功能开发利用,金线莲的野生资源变得日渐匮乏。目前,金线莲产业主要以组织培养与人工栽培为主。但是这种现状也存在着许多不足,如市场上的金线莲鱼龙混杂,品质参差不齐;组织培养后的金线莲苗是否有必要进行移植,移植时间为多久以及金线莲栽培的基地选择、管理措施等目前还未有规范的标准。本研究以福建金线莲品种“福建小圆叶”的组培苗为实验材料,在组织培养5个月后,将其移栽到林下仿野生环境中,探究金线莲移植过程中其品质、植物生长调节剂残留的动态变化规律;比较分析组培金线莲与移植后金线莲的显微结构差异;进一步分析仿野生栽培过程中土壤养分及微生物群落的动态变化规律;为金线莲质量标准的建立以及规范化栽培提供理论依据。主要研究结果如下。1、通过对不同月份林下仿野生金线莲生长量的动态统计分析发现:金线莲的株高、株重、和叶片数随着移栽后时间推移不断增加;其中株高和株重移栽后第六个月达到最大值,叶片数在第八个月达到最大值,而全草折干率呈现“M”型变化趋势,移栽后六至八个月全草折干率处于较高水平。根据金线莲生长量的变化速度,可以得出金线莲移栽后的生长规律为:移栽后前两个月为缓苗期,三个月至七个月是快速生长期,第八个月为生长迟缓期。通过比较组培金线莲和移栽后金线莲茎和叶片显微结构发现,移栽后茎中维管束明显增多,叶片中叶肉细胞明显变大,气孔密度增加,而且在移栽后茎叶切片中能观察到清晰的草酸钙针晶。2、通过对移栽后不同月份金线莲的各有效成分及植物生长调节剂的动态分析发现:移栽后金线莲总多糖随移栽时间推移不断积累,在第七个月达到最大值,进一步通过HPLC对多糖的水解产物中单糖组分分析发现,金线莲组培苗和移植苗中多糖均含有甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖和阿拉伯糖,而在移栽六个月后出现了鼠李糖,所有组分中最主要的单糖为葡萄糖,半乳糖次之;总黄酮在移栽后前三个月缓慢上升,随后四到七个月含量逐渐下降;通过HPLC技术对金线莲中12种游离氨基酸分析发现,组培苗中各种氨基酸含量较高,移栽后各种氨基酸含量显著下降;通过ICP-MS对金线莲6中特征元素测定,结果显示:移栽后金线莲中Zn、Mn、Ca和Mg元素含量有所降低,Fe和Cr含量波动变化,总体来说特征元素含量无明显积累。此外,在组培金线莲中检测到较高残留量的植物生长调节剂2,4-D与NAA,移栽后其含量逐渐降低,移栽后四个月检测不到。3、金线莲移植过程中,土壤中有机质、速效磷的含量和土壤pH随月份逐渐降低,其中有机质的含量与种植时间呈显著负相关,而土壤总氮、总钾、总磷、速效氮、速效钾与种植时间均呈正相关关系。通过对微生物群落结构分析发现,微生物的数量随着移植时间略有增加,且微生物的生物多样性增加。从门水平上来看,移栽过程中金线莲根表土的细菌群落结构逐渐向野生型靠近,主要的微生物门类为变形菌门和酸杆菌门等。进一步从属水平上来看,不同移栽时期微生物群落结构有着明显变化,一些植物根际促生菌(假单胞菌属)、具有降解芳香化合物类的菌属(新鞘脂菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、苯基杆菌属)、具有解磷功能的菌属(黄杆菌属)在M4样本中丰度明显高于其它样本,拟杆菌属、乳酸菌属等在M2样本中显著聚集,而芽单胞菌属、热酸菌属等在M8样本中丰度明显高于其它样本。总的来说,金线莲组培苗的移植是十分必要的,且移植时间应不少于4个月;综合生物量和有效成分含量来看,其最佳采收期应为移栽后7个月;在金线莲栽培基地的选择中,应该选取那些植被覆盖率高,且植被类型为阔叶林与毛竹林的富含有机质与微生物的土壤;在金线莲的移栽过程中,应该适当补充有机质的量,长期种植时需要调节土壤酸碱度与适当补充磷肥,或者采收后使该区域土壤休耕一段时间后再进行种植。
Abstract
jin xian lian (Anoectochilus roxburghii)wei lan ke (Orchidaceae),kai chun lan shu (Anoectochilus)cao ben zhi wu ,zhu chan yu fu jian he tai wan de ou ,ju you zhi tong zhen hai 、qing re jie du 、qu feng li shi deng gong xiao 。ta ji ke yi zhi liao fei jie he hai xie ,tang niao bing deng bing zheng ,you zai huan jie bang guang yan ,feng shi xing ji lei feng shi xing guan jie yan fang mian ye you xian zhe liao xiao 。sui zhao ji yao yong jia zhi he bao jian gong neng kai fa li yong ,jin xian lian de ye sheng zi yuan bian de ri jian kui fa 。mu qian ,jin xian lian chan ye zhu yao yi zu zhi pei yang yu ren gong zai pei wei zhu 。dan shi zhe chong xian zhuang ye cun zai zhao hu duo bu zu ,ru shi chang shang de jin xian lian yu long hun za ,pin zhi can cha bu ji ;zu zhi pei yang hou de jin xian lian miao shi fou you bi yao jin hang yi zhi ,yi zhi shi jian wei duo jiu yi ji jin xian lian zai pei de ji de shua ze 、guan li cuo shi deng mu qian hai wei you gui fan de biao zhun 。ben yan jiu yi fu jian jin xian lian pin chong “fu jian xiao yuan xie ”de zu pei miao wei shi yan cai liao ,zai zu zhi pei yang 5ge yue hou ,jiang ji yi zai dao lin xia fang ye sheng huan jing zhong ,tan jiu jin xian lian yi zhi guo cheng zhong ji pin zhi 、zhi wu sheng chang diao jie ji can liu de dong tai bian hua gui lv ;bi jiao fen xi zu pei jin xian lian yu yi zhi hou jin xian lian de xian wei jie gou cha yi ;jin yi bu fen xi fang ye sheng zai pei guo cheng zhong tu rang yang fen ji wei sheng wu qun la de dong tai bian hua gui lv ;wei jin xian lian zhi liang biao zhun de jian li yi ji gui fan hua zai pei di gong li lun yi ju 。zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia 。1、tong guo dui bu tong yue fen lin xia fang ye sheng jin xian lian sheng chang liang de dong tai tong ji fen xi fa xian :jin xian lian de zhu gao 、zhu chong 、he xie pian shu sui zhao yi zai hou shi jian tui yi bu duan zeng jia ;ji zhong zhu gao he zhu chong yi zai hou di liu ge yue da dao zui da zhi ,xie pian shu zai di ba ge yue da dao zui da zhi ,er quan cao she gan lv cheng xian “M”xing bian hua qu shi ,yi zai hou liu zhi ba ge yue quan cao she gan lv chu yu jiao gao shui ping 。gen ju jin xian lian sheng chang liang de bian hua su du ,ke yi de chu jin xian lian yi zai hou de sheng chang gui lv wei :yi zai hou qian liang ge yue wei huan miao ji ,san ge yue zhi qi ge yue shi kuai su sheng chang ji ,di ba ge yue wei sheng chang chi huan ji 。tong guo bi jiao zu pei jin xian lian he yi zai hou jin xian lian jing he xie pian xian wei jie gou fa xian ,yi zai hou jing zhong wei guan shu ming xian zeng duo ,xie pian zhong xie rou xi bao ming xian bian da ,qi kong mi du zeng jia ,er ju zai yi zai hou jing xie qie pian zhong neng guan cha dao qing xi de cao suan gai zhen jing 。2、tong guo dui yi zai hou bu tong yue fen jin xian lian de ge you xiao cheng fen ji zhi wu sheng chang diao jie ji de dong tai fen xi fa xian :yi zai hou jin xian lian zong duo tang sui yi zai shi jian tui yi bu duan ji lei ,zai di qi ge yue da dao zui da zhi ,jin yi bu tong guo HPLCdui duo tang de shui jie chan wu zhong chan tang zu fen fen xi fa xian ,jin xian lian zu pei miao he yi zhi miao zhong duo tang jun han you gan lou tang 、pu tao tang 、ban ru tang he a la bai tang ,er zai yi zai liu ge yue hou chu xian le shu li tang ,suo you zu fen zhong zui zhu yao de chan tang wei pu tao tang ,ban ru tang ci zhi ;zong huang tong zai yi zai hou qian san ge yue huan man shang sheng ,sui hou si dao qi ge yue han liang zhu jian xia jiang ;tong guo HPLCji shu dui jin xian lian zhong 12chong you li an ji suan fen xi fa xian ,zu pei miao zhong ge chong an ji suan han liang jiao gao ,yi zai hou ge chong an ji suan han liang xian zhe xia jiang ;tong guo ICP-MSdui jin xian lian 6zhong te zheng yuan su ce ding ,jie guo xian shi :yi zai hou jin xian lian zhong Zn、Mn、Cahe Mgyuan su han liang you suo jiang di ,Fehe Crhan liang bo dong bian hua ,zong ti lai shui te zheng yuan su han liang mo ming xian ji lei 。ci wai ,zai zu pei jin xian lian zhong jian ce dao jiao gao can liu liang de zhi wu sheng chang diao jie ji 2,4-Dyu NAA,yi zai hou ji han liang zhu jian jiang di ,yi zai hou si ge yue jian ce bu dao 。3、jin xian lian yi zhi guo cheng zhong ,tu rang zhong you ji zhi 、su xiao lin de han liang he tu rang pHsui yue fen zhu jian jiang di ,ji zhong you ji zhi de han liang yu chong zhi shi jian cheng xian zhe fu xiang guan ,er tu rang zong dan 、zong jia 、zong lin 、su xiao dan 、su xiao jia yu chong zhi shi jian jun cheng zheng xiang guan guan ji 。tong guo dui wei sheng wu qun la jie gou fen xi fa xian ,wei sheng wu de shu liang sui zhao yi zhi shi jian lve you zeng jia ,ju wei sheng wu de sheng wu duo yang xing zeng jia 。cong men shui ping shang lai kan ,yi zai guo cheng zhong jin xian lian gen biao tu de xi jun qun la jie gou zhu jian xiang ye sheng xing kao jin ,zhu yao de wei sheng wu men lei wei bian xing jun men he suan gan jun men deng 。jin yi bu cong shu shui ping shang lai kan ,bu tong yi zai shi ji wei sheng wu qun la jie gou you zhao ming xian bian hua ,yi xie zhi wu gen ji cu sheng jun (jia chan bao jun shu )、ju you jiang jie fang xiang hua ge wu lei de jun shu (xin qiao zhi jun shu 、qiao an chun chan bao jun shu 、ben ji gan jun shu )、ju you jie lin gong neng de jun shu (huang gan jun shu )zai M4yang ben zhong feng du ming xian gao yu ji ta yang ben ,ni gan jun shu 、ru suan jun shu deng zai M2yang ben zhong xian zhe ju ji ,er ya chan bao jun shu 、re suan jun shu deng zai M8yang ben zhong feng du ming xian gao yu ji ta yang ben 。zong de lai shui ,jin xian lian zu pei miao de yi zhi shi shi fen bi yao de ,ju yi zhi shi jian ying bu shao yu 4ge yue ;zeng ge sheng wu liang he you xiao cheng fen han liang lai kan ,ji zui jia cai shou ji ying wei yi zai hou 7ge yue ;zai jin xian lian zai pei ji de de shua ze zhong ,ying gai shua qu na xie zhi bei fu gai lv gao ,ju zhi bei lei xing wei kuo xie lin yu mao zhu lin de fu han you ji zhi yu wei sheng wu de tu rang ;zai jin xian lian de yi zai guo cheng zhong ,ying gai kuo dang bu chong you ji zhi de liang ,chang ji chong zhi shi xu yao diao jie tu rang suan jian du yu kuo dang bu chong lin fei ,huo zhe cai shou hou shi gai ou yu tu rang xiu geng yi duan shi jian hou zai jin hang chong zhi 。
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论文作者分别是来自福建农林大学的陶子曦，发表于刊物福建农林大学2019-08-30论文，是一篇关于金线莲论文,仿野生栽培论文,活性成分论文,土壤养分论文,动态变化论文,福建农林大学2019-08-30论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自福建农林大学2019-08-30论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：金线莲论文; 仿野生栽培论文; 活性成分论文; 土壤养分论文; 动态变化论文; 福建农林大学2019-08-30论文;