本文主要研究内容
作者王文军(2019)在《灰枣不同树形的冠层特性、光合特性与果实产量及品质关系的研究》一文中研究指出:本研究以新疆建设兵团第一师阿拉尔农场的灰枣树为试验材料,针对因枣树形杂乱不统一,难以实现科学有效的统一管理,而导致的枣果实品质不佳、产量不高的问题。通过简约化“主干形”与当地常规小冠疏层形两种灰枣树形的比较,初步探究了这两种树形的冠层特性、光合特性与果实产量及品质的关系,主要研究结果如下:1.灰枣主干形的枝量相对于小冠疏层形树形较少,LAI较小,MTA、DIFN和TRANS较大。主干形树形二次枝和枣吊数量分别为27条/株、407条/株,小冠疏层形二次枝和枣吊数量分别为44条/株、673条/株。两种树形的LAI从57月份逐月递增,7月份到达峰值(主干形3.62、小冠疏层形4.13)后,8、9月份下降;MTA的变化规律与LAI基本相似,但峰值出现在8月份(主干形50.8°、小冠疏层形46.1°);DIFN与MTA的变化规律正好相反,58月份逐月递减,8月份达最低值(主干形0.16、小冠疏层形0.08)后,9月份上升;TRANS在59月份的值,均以主干形树形较大。2.灰枣主干形树形的Pn、Gs及Evap相对于小冠疏层形树形较大,Ci较小。季节变化中:两种树形的Pn、Gs、Evap和Ci均在58月份呈逐月逐月递增趋势,8月份达峰值(Pn:主干形19.46μmol/(m2·s),小冠疏层形17.05μmol/(m2·s);Gs:主干形0.647mmol/(m2·s),小冠疏层形0.438mmol/(m2·s);Evap:主干形6.10mmolH2O/(m2·s)、小冠疏层形4.84mmolH2O/(m2·s);Ci:主干形449.91μmolCO2/mol,小冠疏层形386.35μmolCO2/mol),9月份下降。日变化中:8月初,两种树形的净光合速率日变化呈不对称“双峰”曲线,第一个波峰均出现在13:00左右,为全天光合作用的最高值(主干形18.65μmol/(m2·s)、小冠疏层形16.51μmol/(m2·s)),第二个波峰出现在17:00左右;波谷为15:00左右。两种树形的净光合速率值均为早晚较低,近中午较高,在9:0021:00时间段中,除了15:00左右以外,主干形树形的净光合速率均比小冠疏层形树形高。不同树冠空间内:8月初,主干形树形在不同树冠层次、部位及方向间的Pn、Gs、Evap均显著大于小冠疏层形树形,大小依次为:树冠的上层>中层>下层,树冠的外围>内堂,树冠东南侧>西北侧,而Ci变化规律与之相反,即:树冠下层>中层>上层,树冠内堂>外围,树冠西北侧>南东侧。通过对光响应曲线的拟合可知,在8月初,主干形树形的光补偿点(LCP)相对于小冠疏层形较低,而光饱和点(LSP)和最大净光合速率(Pmax)较大,主干形LCP值为27μmol/(m2·s)、小冠疏层形为36μmol/(m2·s);主干形LSP值为1311μmol/(m2·s)、小冠疏层形为1239μmol/(m2·s);主干形Pmax值为24.24μmol/(m2·s)、小冠疏层形为21.79μmol/(m2·s)。3.灰枣主干形和小冠疏层形的比叶重及叶绿素含量的最大值均出现在树冠的上层外围,且主干形的比叶重和叶绿素含量较高,分别为:主干形比叶重0.12 g/cm2、叶绿素含量1.81 mg/g,小冠疏层形比叶重0.115 g/cm2、叶绿素含量1.71 mg/g。两种树形的比叶重和叶绿素含量最小值均出现在树冠的下层内堂。不同树冠方向间比叶重及叶绿素含量也存在显著差异,即:两种树形树冠东南侧的比叶重和叶绿素含量显著大于西北侧,且在树冠各方向间,主干形树形的比叶重和叶绿素含量较大。4.灰枣主干形树形的产量相对于小冠疏层形略低(主干形单株产量4.82Kg、小冠疏层形5.63 Kg),但主干形树形在冠层间的产量分布较均匀,小冠疏层形树形则集中分布在树冠中层。具体表现在:主干形树冠的上、中、下层产量分别占总产量的33.32%、37.01%和29.61%,小冠疏层形为24.99%、41.65%、33.36%。树冠不同部位间,两种树形产量均主要分布在树冠的外围,且东南侧的产量较西北侧稍高。5.灰枣主干形树形的果实品质比小冠疏层形的果实品质更优。主干形树形在树冠各层次、部位及方向上枣果实的单果重、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖以及维生素C的含量值相对于小冠疏层形均更大。如:主干形树冠上层外围枣果实的单果重11.4g、可溶性固形物34.3%、可溶性糖32.03%、维生素C含量431.75 mg/100g,小冠疏层形单果重10.21g、可溶性固形物31.9%、可溶性糖30.36%、维生素C含量424.79 mg/100g。结论:在株行距为1×3m的栽植密度下,主干形与小冠疏层形相比,是更适合当地灰枣生产的树形。
Abstract
ben yan jiu yi xin jiang jian she bing tuan di yi shi a la er nong chang de hui zao shu wei shi yan cai liao ,zhen dui yin zao shu xing za luan bu tong yi ,nan yi shi xian ke xue you xiao de tong yi guan li ,er dao zhi de zao guo shi pin zhi bu jia 、chan liang bu gao de wen ti 。tong guo jian yao hua “zhu gan xing ”yu dang de chang gui xiao guan shu ceng xing liang chong hui zao shu xing de bi jiao ,chu bu tan jiu le zhe liang chong shu xing de guan ceng te xing 、guang ge te xing yu guo shi chan liang ji pin zhi de guan ji ,zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :1.hui zao zhu gan xing de zhi liang xiang dui yu xiao guan shu ceng xing shu xing jiao shao ,LAIjiao xiao ,MTA、DIFNhe TRANSjiao da 。zhu gan xing shu xing er ci zhi he zao diao shu liang fen bie wei 27tiao /zhu 、407tiao /zhu ,xiao guan shu ceng xing er ci zhi he zao diao shu liang fen bie wei 44tiao /zhu 、673tiao /zhu 。liang chong shu xing de LAIcong 57yue fen zhu yue di zeng ,7yue fen dao da feng zhi (zhu gan xing 3.62、xiao guan shu ceng xing 4.13)hou ,8、9yue fen xia jiang ;MTAde bian hua gui lv yu LAIji ben xiang shi ,dan feng zhi chu xian zai 8yue fen (zhu gan xing 50.8°、xiao guan shu ceng xing 46.1°);DIFNyu MTAde bian hua gui lv zheng hao xiang fan ,58yue fen zhu yue di jian ,8yue fen da zui di zhi (zhu gan xing 0.16、xiao guan shu ceng xing 0.08)hou ,9yue fen shang sheng ;TRANSzai 59yue fen de zhi ,jun yi zhu gan xing shu xing jiao da 。2.hui zao zhu gan xing shu xing de Pn、Gsji Evapxiang dui yu xiao guan shu ceng xing shu xing jiao da ,Cijiao xiao 。ji jie bian hua zhong :liang chong shu xing de Pn、Gs、Evaphe Cijun zai 58yue fen cheng zhu yue zhu yue di zeng qu shi ,8yue fen da feng zhi (Pn:zhu gan xing 19.46μmol/(m2·s),xiao guan shu ceng xing 17.05μmol/(m2·s);Gs:zhu gan xing 0.647mmol/(m2·s),xiao guan shu ceng xing 0.438mmol/(m2·s);Evap:zhu gan xing 6.10mmolH2O/(m2·s)、xiao guan shu ceng xing 4.84mmolH2O/(m2·s);Ci:zhu gan xing 449.91μmolCO2/mol,xiao guan shu ceng xing 386.35μmolCO2/mol),9yue fen xia jiang 。ri bian hua zhong :8yue chu ,liang chong shu xing de jing guang ge su lv ri bian hua cheng bu dui chen “shuang feng ”qu xian ,di yi ge bo feng jun chu xian zai 13:00zuo you ,wei quan tian guang ge zuo yong de zui gao zhi (zhu gan xing 18.65μmol/(m2·s)、xiao guan shu ceng xing 16.51μmol/(m2·s)),di er ge bo feng chu xian zai 17:00zuo you ;bo gu wei 15:00zuo you 。liang chong shu xing de jing guang ge su lv zhi jun wei zao wan jiao di ,jin zhong wu jiao gao ,zai 9:0021:00shi jian duan zhong ,chu le 15:00zuo you yi wai ,zhu gan xing shu xing de jing guang ge su lv jun bi xiao guan shu ceng xing shu xing gao 。bu tong shu guan kong jian nei :8yue chu ,zhu gan xing shu xing zai bu tong shu guan ceng ci 、bu wei ji fang xiang jian de Pn、Gs、Evapjun xian zhe da yu xiao guan shu ceng xing shu xing ,da xiao yi ci wei :shu guan de shang ceng >zhong ceng >xia ceng ,shu guan de wai wei >nei tang ,shu guan dong na ce >xi bei ce ,er Cibian hua gui lv yu zhi xiang fan ,ji :shu guan xia ceng >zhong ceng >shang ceng ,shu guan nei tang >wai wei ,shu guan xi bei ce >na dong ce 。tong guo dui guang xiang ying qu xian de ni ge ke zhi ,zai 8yue chu ,zhu gan xing shu xing de guang bu chang dian (LCP)xiang dui yu xiao guan shu ceng xing jiao di ,er guang bao he dian (LSP)he zui da jing guang ge su lv (Pmax)jiao da ,zhu gan xing LCPzhi wei 27μmol/(m2·s)、xiao guan shu ceng xing wei 36μmol/(m2·s);zhu gan xing LSPzhi wei 1311μmol/(m2·s)、xiao guan shu ceng xing wei 1239μmol/(m2·s);zhu gan xing Pmaxzhi wei 24.24μmol/(m2·s)、xiao guan shu ceng xing wei 21.79μmol/(m2·s)。3.hui zao zhu gan xing he xiao guan shu ceng xing de bi xie chong ji xie lu su han liang de zui da zhi jun chu xian zai shu guan de shang ceng wai wei ,ju zhu gan xing de bi xie chong he xie lu su han liang jiao gao ,fen bie wei :zhu gan xing bi xie chong 0.12 g/cm2、xie lu su han liang 1.81 mg/g,xiao guan shu ceng xing bi xie chong 0.115 g/cm2、xie lu su han liang 1.71 mg/g。liang chong shu xing de bi xie chong he xie lu su han liang zui xiao zhi jun chu xian zai shu guan de xia ceng nei tang 。bu tong shu guan fang xiang jian bi xie chong ji xie lu su han liang ye cun zai xian zhe cha yi ,ji :liang chong shu xing shu guan dong na ce de bi xie chong he xie lu su han liang xian zhe da yu xi bei ce ,ju zai shu guan ge fang xiang jian ,zhu gan xing shu xing de bi xie chong he xie lu su han liang jiao da 。4.hui zao zhu gan xing shu xing de chan liang xiang dui yu xiao guan shu ceng xing lve di (zhu gan xing chan zhu chan liang 4.82Kg、xiao guan shu ceng xing 5.63 Kg),dan zhu gan xing shu xing zai guan ceng jian de chan liang fen bu jiao jun yun ,xiao guan shu ceng xing shu xing ze ji zhong fen bu zai shu guan zhong ceng 。ju ti biao xian zai :zhu gan xing shu guan de shang 、zhong 、xia ceng chan liang fen bie zhan zong chan liang de 33.32%、37.01%he 29.61%,xiao guan shu ceng xing wei 24.99%、41.65%、33.36%。shu guan bu tong bu wei jian ,liang chong shu xing chan liang jun zhu yao fen bu zai shu guan de wai wei ,ju dong na ce de chan liang jiao xi bei ce shao gao 。5.hui zao zhu gan xing shu xing de guo shi pin zhi bi xiao guan shu ceng xing de guo shi pin zhi geng you 。zhu gan xing shu xing zai shu guan ge ceng ci 、bu wei ji fang xiang shang zao guo shi de chan guo chong 、ke rong xing gu xing wu 、ke rong xing tang yi ji wei sheng su Cde han liang zhi xiang dui yu xiao guan shu ceng xing jun geng da 。ru :zhu gan xing shu guan shang ceng wai wei zao guo shi de chan guo chong 11.4g、ke rong xing gu xing wu 34.3%、ke rong xing tang 32.03%、wei sheng su Chan liang 431.75 mg/100g,xiao guan shu ceng xing chan guo chong 10.21g、ke rong xing gu xing wu 31.9%、ke rong xing tang 30.36%、wei sheng su Chan liang 424.79 mg/100g。jie lun :zai zhu hang ju wei 1×3mde zai zhi mi du xia ,zhu gan xing yu xiao guan shu ceng xing xiang bi ,shi geng kuo ge dang de hui zao sheng chan de shu xing 。
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论文作者分别是来自塔里木大学的王文军,发表于刊物塔里木大学2019-06-18论文,是一篇关于灰枣论文,主干形论文,冠层特性论文,光合特性论文,果实品质论文,塔里木大学2019-06-18论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自塔里木大学2019-06-18论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。