本文主要研究内容
作者谢元（2019）在《鹅观草生物学特性及其化学防除研究》一文中研究指出：鹅观草(Roegneria kamoji Ohwi)是我国长江中下游地区麦田新兴杂草,危害范围逐年扩大,部分地区逐渐演变为优势杂草种。本文探讨了鹅观草的生物学特性,明确了其与小麦之间的竞争关系,并进行了化学防除鹅观草的相关研究。1.以鹅观草种子为研究对象,探讨了鹅观草的结实情况和种子的休眠、萌发以及吸水特性,设置不同的温度、水势、盐浓度、酸碱度和播种深度处理鹅观草种子,研究其对萌发的影响。结果发现,鹅观草植株成熟时,株高为121.5 cm,穗长为24.3 cm,穗粒数为78.2粒,千粒重为5.34 g。赤霉素和硝酸钾处理,可解除种子休眠;种子萌发最适温度为25℃/15℃(昼/夜),种子萌发不需要光照;种子萌发对水势胁迫敏感,干旱环境抑制萌发;种子对盐分胁迫具一定耐受性,高盐抑制萌发;酸碱度对种子萌发影响较小,鹅观草种子出苗率随着播深的增加而下降,种子吸水性良好,水淹条件下储存有利于维持种子活力。2.在温室条件下,通过对鹅观草和小麦株高、单株总茎数和鲜重的比较分析,研究鹅观草的生长发育情况及不同密度鹅观草对小麦生物量和产量的影响。结果发现,鹅观草和小麦的生长发育进程高度相似,株高、单株总茎数和鲜重的增长趋势大致相同,鹅观草进入快速增长期的时期比小麦晚3周。小麦在成熟期前,株高高于鹅观草,收获时鹅观草株高超过小麦,整个生育期内鹅观草的单株总茎数高于小麦,地上部鲜重高于小麦。鹅观草通过影响小麦产量构成因素从而导致小麦减产;对小麦亩穗数影响最大,其次是穗粒数,对千粒重影响不显著。随着鹅观草密度的增加,小麦地上部鲜重显著降低,产量损失率增大,二者竞争关系明显。3.探索九种除草剂单剂对鹅观草3～7叶期幼苗的影响,结果发现防效均不理想,三叶期时鹅观草的防治效果相对较好。鹅观草种子对甲基二磺隆、啶磺草胺敏感,种子萌发和幼苗生长受到明显抑制,对氟唑磺隆不敏感,鹅观草3～4叶期幼苗对三种ALS抑制剂类除草剂均表现出抗性。甲基二磺隆与氟唑磺隆、唑草酮与炔草酯复配浓度达到田间推荐剂量时,无法达到ED90防效水平,复配方案不适用。二甲四氯钠与吡氟酰草胺复配效果为加成作用,施用浓度达到田间推荐剂量时,综合防效为95.7%,适于防除以鹅观草为优势种的杂草群落。
Abstract
e guan cao (Roegneria kamoji Ohwi)shi wo guo chang jiang zhong xia you de ou mai tian xin xing za cao ,wei hai fan wei zhu nian kuo da ,bu fen de ou zhu jian yan bian wei you shi za cao chong 。ben wen tan tao le e guan cao de sheng wu xue te xing ,ming que le ji yu xiao mai zhi jian de jing zheng guan ji ,bing jin hang le hua xue fang chu e guan cao de xiang guan yan jiu 。1.yi e guan cao chong zi wei yan jiu dui xiang ,tan tao le e guan cao de jie shi qing kuang he chong zi de xiu mian 、meng fa yi ji xi shui te xing ,she zhi bu tong de wen du 、shui shi 、yan nong du 、suan jian du he bo chong shen du chu li e guan cao chong zi ,yan jiu ji dui meng fa de ying xiang 。jie guo fa xian ,e guan cao zhi zhu cheng shou shi ,zhu gao wei 121.5 cm,sui chang wei 24.3 cm,sui li shu wei 78.2li ,qian li chong wei 5.34 g。chi mei su he xiao suan jia chu li ,ke jie chu chong zi xiu mian ;chong zi meng fa zui kuo wen du wei 25℃/15℃(zhou /ye ),chong zi meng fa bu xu yao guang zhao ;chong zi meng fa dui shui shi xie pai min gan ,gan han huan jing yi zhi meng fa ;chong zi dui yan fen xie pai ju yi ding nai shou xing ,gao yan yi zhi meng fa ;suan jian du dui chong zi meng fa ying xiang jiao xiao ,e guan cao chong zi chu miao lv sui zhao bo shen de zeng jia er xia jiang ,chong zi xi shui xing liang hao ,shui yan tiao jian xia chu cun you li yu wei chi chong zi huo li 。2.zai wen shi tiao jian xia ,tong guo dui e guan cao he xiao mai zhu gao 、chan zhu zong jing shu he xian chong de bi jiao fen xi ,yan jiu e guan cao de sheng chang fa yo qing kuang ji bu tong mi du e guan cao dui xiao mai sheng wu liang he chan liang de ying xiang 。jie guo fa xian ,e guan cao he xiao mai de sheng chang fa yo jin cheng gao du xiang shi ,zhu gao 、chan zhu zong jing shu he xian chong de zeng chang qu shi da zhi xiang tong ,e guan cao jin ru kuai su zeng chang ji de shi ji bi xiao mai wan 3zhou 。xiao mai zai cheng shou ji qian ,zhu gao gao yu e guan cao ,shou huo shi e guan cao zhu gao chao guo xiao mai ,zheng ge sheng yo ji nei e guan cao de chan zhu zong jing shu gao yu xiao mai ,de shang bu xian chong gao yu xiao mai 。e guan cao tong guo ying xiang xiao mai chan liang gou cheng yin su cong er dao zhi xiao mai jian chan ;dui xiao mai mu sui shu ying xiang zui da ,ji ci shi sui li shu ,dui qian li chong ying xiang bu xian zhe 。sui zhao e guan cao mi du de zeng jia ,xiao mai de shang bu xian chong xian zhe jiang di ,chan liang sun shi lv zeng da ,er zhe jing zheng guan ji ming xian 。3.tan suo jiu chong chu cao ji chan ji dui e guan cao 3～7xie ji you miao de ying xiang ,jie guo fa xian fang xiao jun bu li xiang ,san xie ji shi e guan cao de fang zhi xiao guo xiang dui jiao hao 。e guan cao chong zi dui jia ji er huang long 、ding huang cao an min gan ,chong zi meng fa he you miao sheng chang shou dao ming xian yi zhi ,dui fu zuo huang long bu min gan ,e guan cao 3～4xie ji you miao dui san chong ALSyi zhi ji lei chu cao ji jun biao xian chu kang xing 。jia ji er huang long yu fu zuo huang long 、zuo cao tong yu gui cao zhi fu pei nong du da dao tian jian tui jian ji liang shi ,mo fa da dao ED90fang xiao shui ping ,fu pei fang an bu kuo yong 。er jia si lv na yu bi fu xian cao an fu pei xiao guo wei jia cheng zuo yong ,shi yong nong du da dao tian jian tui jian ji liang shi ,zeng ge fang xiao wei 95.7%,kuo yu fang chu yi e guan cao wei you shi chong de za cao qun la 。
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论文作者分别是来自浙江大学的谢元，发表于刊物浙江大学2019-09-18论文，是一篇关于鹅观草论文,生物学特性论文,除草剂论文,耐药性论文,防除效果论文,浙江大学2019-09-18论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自浙江大学2019-09-18论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。