本文主要研究内容
作者宁玉翠(2019)在《镉胁迫下蚯蚓(Eisenia fetida)氧化应激反应及解毒机制研究》一文中研究指出:蚯蚓对多数污染物比其他土壤动物敏感,可作为一种早期预警生物,用来研究和评价土壤污染状况及土壤环境质量。重金属污染的高度隐蔽、不可逆,以及长期、易积累性致使土壤生态系统受到不同程度影响。本研究以赤子爱胜蚓为受试生物,观测了镉胁迫下蚯蚓的中毒症状、行为以及生长抑制率等,测定了蚯蚓体内的氧化应激指标,分析不同胁迫时间和胁迫浓度后的氧化应激响应效应,同时,研究了镉胁迫对蚯蚓头部组织和尾部组织中氨基酸代谢的影响,以及镉胁迫后的蚯蚓体内和土壤中微生物群落的碳源利用变化,并结合氧化应激效应,探明了镉胁迫后的蚯蚓对自身生理机能的驱动机制。同时,借助于宏基因测序,分析了蚯蚓体内微生物群落和土壤微生物群落间的调控机制,揭示镉胁迫下蚯蚓生物体的解毒机制,为镉污染土壤的生态安全风险评价和今后开展受污染土壤的生物修复提供科学依据。具体研究结果如下:(1)蚯蚓对镉胁迫较为敏感,其中毒反应呈现明显的剂量-时间关系。随着镉浓度的增加,蚯蚓受到的毒害程度呈现整体增大,但局部有小幅度降低,当镉的毒害力超过蚯蚓的解毒力时,蚯蚓出现死亡。(2)人工土壤短期试验中,在蚯蚓的尾部组织中能够作为预警指示物、能够灵敏反应机体内氧化应激的主要指标有:CAT、TP、SOD和POD,头部组织中为TP、CAT和POD;长期试验中,尾部组织中的主要指标为GPX和MDA,头部组织中为GPX。自然土壤胁迫试验组的蚯蚓尾部组织中,能够灵敏有效指示其受到重金属镉胁迫的毒性大小的指标有:CAT、TP和MDA;头部组织中则为POD。(3)将改进的因子分析法、主成分分析法与传统生物统计学相结合,以及层次分析法和因子分析法相结合构建了生物标志物筛选模型,利用构建的模型可快速、有效并直观的筛选重金属胁迫下蚯蚓体内主要的氧化应激效应指标,解决了生物标志物的科学筛选和对生态系统污染的准确性和科学性评价。(4)镉胁迫改变了蚯蚓体内的代谢途径,使得氨基酸组分发生变化,同时,也影响了土壤和蚯蚓体内的微生物群落功能多样性,且随着胁迫时间的延长和胁迫浓度增加,蚯蚓会调整自身生理机能(包括体内微生物群落结和自身代谢机制),同时调控外界环境中微生物群落结构以获取生长所需的物质。本研究表明,蚯蚓头部组织中的天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、胱氨酸、蛋氨酸和组氨酸以及尾部组织中的胱氨酸和苯丙氨酸维持蚯蚓生理代谢,是用以抵御镉胁迫的重要氨基酸组分。碳源2-羟基苯甲酸、γ-羟丁酸、甘氨酰-L-谷氨酸、α-丁酮酸、苏氨酸和α-环式糊精是镉胁迫下蚯蚓维持自身正常生理代谢的重要碳源。(5)通过对镉胁迫后的蚯蚓体内的生理机能变化进行通径分析,揭示了镉胁迫下蚯蚓对自身氧化应激效应和微生物群落功能多样性的驱动过程:50 mg/kg镉胁迫下,蚯蚓体内的AChE可调控微生物群落中分布均匀的非优势种群。100-125 mg/kg镉胁迫下,MDA与微生物群落中的优势种群关系密切,且该种群微生物主要利用碳源D-半乳糖醛酸。250 mg/kg镉胁迫下,蚯蚓体内的微生物群落主要利用甘氨酰-L-谷氨酸合成谷氨酸,供给蚯蚓的脏器用以合成GSH。在高浓度(500 mg/kg)镉胁迫下,蚯蚓体内氧化应激效应主要用于维持自身基本的生理代谢;原生的微生物群落彻底退化,出现耐受重金属镉的先锋种,且该先锋种与GPX和CAT关系密切,主要碳源为甘氨酰-L-谷氨酸。同时,研究发现,在短期胁迫过程中,氧化应激效应比微生物群落对镉胁迫更加的敏感并有效,且氧化应激效应调控蚯蚓体内微生物群落功能多样性,而在长期镉胁迫下,微生物群落功能多样性的变化可能还受到其他因素的调控。(6)将典型相关思想融入TOPSIS法,建立了全新的数学模型,经由不同种类碳源的利用强度分析微生物群落在不同培养期后的变化,寻找敏感的时间节点和浓度节点,确定镉胁迫下的蚯蚓体内微生物群落和土壤中微生物群落间的调控关系,探明微生物随胁迫时间的演替过程。结果发现:短期胁迫试验中,镉胁迫下蚯蚓体内和土壤微生物群落间的调控过程可划分为5个阶段:胁迫1-3天,土壤中微生物群落受蚯蚓体内微生物群落调控;第4天,土壤中微生物群落仍受到镉胁迫的影响;在受镉胁迫5天,蚯蚓体内微生物与土壤中微生物处于稳定期向衰亡期过渡阶段,但在胁迫6-7天,蚯蚓体内微生物群落呈现优势态,形成了对土壤中微生物的主动调控,同时耐受镉的微生物开始出现并增殖;在短期胁迫后期(8-10天),蚯蚓体内的优势微生物对土壤微生物的调控作用减弱,而土壤微生物群落中的耐镉种群则在这一阶段逐渐进化,适应随时间逐渐增强的镉胁迫。长期胁迫试验表明,土壤微生物群落和蚯蚓体内微生物群落间差异增大,两者之间几乎不存在调控关系。(7)借助于第二代宏基因测序技术,对100 mg/kg镉短期胁迫下的蚯蚓体内和土壤中微生物进行功能基因分析。结果发现,在镉胁迫下的蚯蚓解毒机制中,HBA基因、NEUROD1基因和ABCA3基因为蚯蚓体内微生物群落的调控基因;TC.FEV.OM基因和cheBR基因则为土壤中微生物群落的主要调控基因。同时,研究证实第五调控阶段出现的耐镉微生物为马赛菌属中未命名的新物种。
Abstract
qiu yin dui duo shu wu ran wu bi ji ta tu rang dong wu min gan ,ke zuo wei yi chong zao ji yu jing sheng wu ,yong lai yan jiu he ping jia tu rang wu ran zhuang kuang ji tu rang huan jing zhi liang 。chong jin shu wu ran de gao du yin bi 、bu ke ni ,yi ji chang ji 、yi ji lei xing zhi shi tu rang sheng tai ji tong shou dao bu tong cheng du ying xiang 。ben yan jiu yi chi zi ai sheng yin wei shou shi sheng wu ,guan ce le ge xie pai xia qiu yin de zhong du zheng zhuang 、hang wei yi ji sheng chang yi zhi lv deng ,ce ding le qiu yin ti nei de yang hua ying ji zhi biao ,fen xi bu tong xie pai shi jian he xie pai nong du hou de yang hua ying ji xiang ying xiao ying ,tong shi ,yan jiu le ge xie pai dui qiu yin tou bu zu zhi he wei bu zu zhi zhong an ji suan dai xie de ying xiang ,yi ji ge xie pai hou de qiu yin ti nei he tu rang zhong wei sheng wu qun la de tan yuan li yong bian hua ,bing jie ge yang hua ying ji xiao ying ,tan ming le ge xie pai hou de qiu yin dui zi shen sheng li ji neng de qu dong ji zhi 。tong shi ,jie zhu yu hong ji yin ce xu ,fen xi le qiu yin ti nei wei sheng wu qun la he tu rang wei sheng wu qun la jian de diao kong ji zhi ,jie shi ge xie pai xia qiu yin sheng wu ti de jie du ji zhi ,wei ge wu ran tu rang de sheng tai an quan feng xian ping jia he jin hou kai zhan shou wu ran tu rang de sheng wu xiu fu di gong ke xue yi ju 。ju ti yan jiu jie guo ru xia :(1)qiu yin dui ge xie pai jiao wei min gan ,ji zhong du fan ying cheng xian ming xian de ji liang -shi jian guan ji 。sui zhao ge nong du de zeng jia ,qiu yin shou dao de du hai cheng du cheng xian zheng ti zeng da ,dan ju bu you xiao fu du jiang di ,dang ge de du hai li chao guo qiu yin de jie du li shi ,qiu yin chu xian si wang 。(2)ren gong tu rang duan ji shi yan zhong ,zai qiu yin de wei bu zu zhi zhong neng gou zuo wei yu jing zhi shi wu 、neng gou ling min fan ying ji ti nei yang hua ying ji de zhu yao zhi biao you :CAT、TP、SODhe POD,tou bu zu zhi zhong wei TP、CAThe POD;chang ji shi yan zhong ,wei bu zu zhi zhong de zhu yao zhi biao wei GPXhe MDA,tou bu zu zhi zhong wei GPX。zi ran tu rang xie pai shi yan zu de qiu yin wei bu zu zhi zhong ,neng gou ling min you xiao zhi shi ji shou dao chong jin shu ge xie pai de du xing da xiao de zhi biao you :CAT、TPhe MDA;tou bu zu zhi zhong ze wei POD。(3)jiang gai jin de yin zi fen xi fa 、zhu cheng fen fen xi fa yu chuan tong sheng wu tong ji xue xiang jie ge ,yi ji ceng ci fen xi fa he yin zi fen xi fa xiang jie ge gou jian le sheng wu biao zhi wu shai shua mo xing ,li yong gou jian de mo xing ke kuai su 、you xiao bing zhi guan de shai shua chong jin shu xie pai xia qiu yin ti nei zhu yao de yang hua ying ji xiao ying zhi biao ,jie jue le sheng wu biao zhi wu de ke xue shai shua he dui sheng tai ji tong wu ran de zhun que xing he ke xue xing ping jia 。(4)ge xie pai gai bian le qiu yin ti nei de dai xie tu jing ,shi de an ji suan zu fen fa sheng bian hua ,tong shi ,ye ying xiang le tu rang he qiu yin ti nei de wei sheng wu qun la gong neng duo yang xing ,ju sui zhao xie pai shi jian de yan chang he xie pai nong du zeng jia ,qiu yin hui diao zheng zi shen sheng li ji neng (bao gua ti nei wei sheng wu qun la jie he zi shen dai xie ji zhi ),tong shi diao kong wai jie huan jing zhong wei sheng wu qun la jie gou yi huo qu sheng chang suo xu de wu zhi 。ben yan jiu biao ming ,qiu yin tou bu zu zhi zhong de tian dong an suan 、gu an suan 、guang an suan 、dan an suan he zu an suan yi ji wei bu zu zhi zhong de guang an suan he ben bing an suan wei chi qiu yin sheng li dai xie ,shi yong yi di yu ge xie pai de chong yao an ji suan zu fen 。tan yuan 2-qiang ji ben jia suan 、γ-qiang ding suan 、gan an xian -L-gu an suan 、α-ding tong suan 、su an suan he α-huan shi hu jing shi ge xie pai xia qiu yin wei chi zi shen zheng chang sheng li dai xie de chong yao tan yuan 。(5)tong guo dui ge xie pai hou de qiu yin ti nei de sheng li ji neng bian hua jin hang tong jing fen xi ,jie shi le ge xie pai xia qiu yin dui zi shen yang hua ying ji xiao ying he wei sheng wu qun la gong neng duo yang xing de qu dong guo cheng :50 mg/kgge xie pai xia ,qiu yin ti nei de AChEke diao kong wei sheng wu qun la zhong fen bu jun yun de fei you shi chong qun 。100-125 mg/kgge xie pai xia ,MDAyu wei sheng wu qun la zhong de you shi chong qun guan ji mi qie ,ju gai chong qun wei sheng wu zhu yao li yong tan yuan D-ban ru tang quan suan 。250 mg/kgge xie pai xia ,qiu yin ti nei de wei sheng wu qun la zhu yao li yong gan an xian -L-gu an suan ge cheng gu an suan ,gong gei qiu yin de zang qi yong yi ge cheng GSH。zai gao nong du (500 mg/kg)ge xie pai xia ,qiu yin ti nei yang hua ying ji xiao ying zhu yao yong yu wei chi zi shen ji ben de sheng li dai xie ;yuan sheng de wei sheng wu qun la che de tui hua ,chu xian nai shou chong jin shu ge de xian feng chong ,ju gai xian feng chong yu GPXhe CATguan ji mi qie ,zhu yao tan yuan wei gan an xian -L-gu an suan 。tong shi ,yan jiu fa xian ,zai duan ji xie pai guo cheng zhong ,yang hua ying ji xiao ying bi wei sheng wu qun la dui ge xie pai geng jia de min gan bing you xiao ,ju yang hua ying ji xiao ying diao kong qiu yin ti nei wei sheng wu qun la gong neng duo yang xing ,er zai chang ji ge xie pai xia ,wei sheng wu qun la gong neng duo yang xing de bian hua ke neng hai shou dao ji ta yin su de diao kong 。(6)jiang dian xing xiang guan sai xiang rong ru TOPSISfa ,jian li le quan xin de shu xue mo xing ,jing you bu tong chong lei tan yuan de li yong jiang du fen xi wei sheng wu qun la zai bu tong pei yang ji hou de bian hua ,xun zhao min gan de shi jian jie dian he nong du jie dian ,que ding ge xie pai xia de qiu yin ti nei wei sheng wu qun la he tu rang zhong wei sheng wu qun la jian de diao kong guan ji ,tan ming wei sheng wu sui xie pai shi jian de yan ti guo cheng 。jie guo fa xian :duan ji xie pai shi yan zhong ,ge xie pai xia qiu yin ti nei he tu rang wei sheng wu qun la jian de diao kong guo cheng ke hua fen wei 5ge jie duan :xie pai 1-3tian ,tu rang zhong wei sheng wu qun la shou qiu yin ti nei wei sheng wu qun la diao kong ;di 4tian ,tu rang zhong wei sheng wu qun la reng shou dao ge xie pai de ying xiang ;zai shou ge xie pai 5tian ,qiu yin ti nei wei sheng wu yu tu rang zhong wei sheng wu chu yu wen ding ji xiang cui wang ji guo du jie duan ,dan zai xie pai 6-7tian ,qiu yin ti nei wei sheng wu qun la cheng xian you shi tai ,xing cheng le dui tu rang zhong wei sheng wu de zhu dong diao kong ,tong shi nai shou ge de wei sheng wu kai shi chu xian bing zeng shi ;zai duan ji xie pai hou ji (8-10tian ),qiu yin ti nei de you shi wei sheng wu dui tu rang wei sheng wu de diao kong zuo yong jian ruo ,er tu rang wei sheng wu qun la zhong de nai ge chong qun ze zai zhe yi jie duan zhu jian jin hua ,kuo ying sui shi jian zhu jian zeng jiang de ge xie pai 。chang ji xie pai shi yan biao ming ,tu rang wei sheng wu qun la he qiu yin ti nei wei sheng wu qun la jian cha yi zeng da ,liang zhe zhi jian ji hu bu cun zai diao kong guan ji 。(7)jie zhu yu di er dai hong ji yin ce xu ji shu ,dui 100 mg/kgge duan ji xie pai xia de qiu yin ti nei he tu rang zhong wei sheng wu jin hang gong neng ji yin fen xi 。jie guo fa xian ,zai ge xie pai xia de qiu yin jie du ji zhi zhong ,HBAji yin 、NEUROD1ji yin he ABCA3ji yin wei qiu yin ti nei wei sheng wu qun la de diao kong ji yin ;TC.FEV.OMji yin he cheBRji yin ze wei tu rang zhong wei sheng wu qun la de zhu yao diao kong ji yin 。tong shi ,yan jiu zheng shi di wu diao kong jie duan chu xian de nai ge wei sheng wu wei ma sai jun shu zhong wei ming ming de xin wu chong 。
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论文作者分别是来自东北农业大学的宁玉翠,发表于刊物东北农业大学2019-08-27论文,是一篇关于赤子爱胜蚓论文,镉胁迫论文,数学建模论文,解毒机制论文,宏基因测序论文,东北农业大学2019-08-27论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自东北农业大学2019-08-27论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:赤子爱胜蚓论文; 镉胁迫论文; 数学建模论文; 解毒机制论文; 宏基因测序论文; 东北农业大学2019-08-27论文;