本文主要研究内容
作者刘志晓（2019）在《聚芳醚砜类复合超滤膜的制备及性能研究》一文中研究指出：随着人口增长及工业化的快速发展,大量排放的生活污水及工业废水不仅造成水资源严重浪费而且危害到人类的健康和安全。因此,对这些污水废水进行净化处理是关系到国计民生的大事。相对于传统的水处理方法,膜分离技术在污水废水处理方面有着节能、环保、简单操作等优势。但在实际应用过程中也存在着渗透通量低、选择性低、易污染及通量与截留率之间严重的trade-off效应等问题。而这些问题往往与分离膜自身的形貌结构及化学性质有关。因此,本论文以综合性能优异的聚芳醚砜类材料为超滤膜基质材料,从膜本身出发,通过不同改性方法来调节聚芳醚砜类超滤膜的形貌结构和化学性质,从而得到高渗透通量,高选择性及优异抗污染性能的超滤膜。首先,我们选择了简单、普遍的共混改性方法,具体地,我们通过一系列化学反应成功合成了一种亲水但不溶于水的磺化超支化聚醚砜(SHBPES),并以其为填料与聚醚砜(PES)进行共混,通过浸渍-沉淀相转化法成功制备一系列PES复合超滤膜。结果表明,由于SHBPES末端富含-SO3H,SHBPES的添加提高了超滤膜的亲水性及开孔率,超滤膜的渗透通量及抗污性能有所增强。其中,当SHBPES添加量为30%时,对应复合超滤膜M3呈现了优异的综合性能,其纯水通量达到265.4 L/m2?h,是纯PES膜的1.8倍,BSA截留率及通量恢复率分别达到98.2%和82.7%。但我们发现,SHBPES的引入对PES超滤膜渗透通量的提高幅度并不是很大,还不能令人满意,因此,在此基础上,我们引入了具有中空管状结构的埃洛石纳米管(HNTs),这种多孔结构可以作为水运输通道并更大程度的提高膜的开孔率及孔道之间的互穿性,可大幅度提高膜的渗透通量;同时为增强HNTs亲水性及与基体材料的相容性,我们利用上一章的SHBPES来修饰HNTs得到HNT-SHBPES。然后,以HNT-SHBPES为填料与PES掺杂制备了一系列的有机-无机杂化复合超滤膜。我们发现,HNT-SHBPES的掺杂显著提高膜的亲水性及开孔率。当HNT-SHBPES添加量为8%时表现出最优的综合性能,其纯水通量达到351.6 L/m2 h,是纯PES膜的2.2倍,这主要归因于亲水SHBPES和多孔HNTs的协同作用。另外,由于HNT-SHBPES与PES基质之间良好的相容性,有机-无机杂化膜在拥有高渗透通量的同时保持了高的污染物截留率,trade-off效应减弱。然而,从大规模工业化生产及应用的角度来讲,共混改性总是存在着填料与基质之间相容性的问题,特别是无机纳米材料,在制备过程中很难保证膜的无缺陷性及应用过程中性能的持久稳定性,因此,我们采用了更为稳定,有效的本体改性的方法,具体地,通过亲核缩聚反应将含有亲水羧基侧基的酚酞啉双酚单体成功引入聚砜(PSF)分子骨架合成得到一系列羧基含量不同的羧化聚砜共聚物(PSF-COOH)。然后以它们为膜材料利用相转化的方法制备了一系列羧化聚砜超滤膜。我们发现随着共聚物分子骨架中羧基含量的增多,所对应的超滤膜的亲水性及孔隙率逐渐增大,皮层厚度逐渐变薄且上表面由致密变为多孔,膜的渗透通量及抗污染性能显著的提高。其中,当酚酞啉含量为100%时,其对应的超滤膜PSF-COOH-100%呈现了最优异的综合性能,其纯水通量达到329.6 L/m2?h,为纯PSF膜的2.65倍,BSA截留率及通量恢复率也分别达到94.6%和92.5%。最后,为进一步开发超滤膜的新性能,新应用,我们利用简单相转化方法制备了能够实现更小尺寸染料分子高选择分离的紧致超滤膜。具体地,我们利用上一章的PSF-COOK60%为填料,以PSF-COOH60%为膜材料,通过调节PSF-COOK60%与PSF-COOH60%的质量比制备一系列复合膜。研究发现,随着PSF-COOK60%添加量的增加,对应铸膜液的粘度,复合膜表面电负性,亲水性,上皮层厚度呈现逐渐增大的趋势,而上表面形貌却由多孔变得致密。当PSF-COOK60%与PSFCOOH60%质量比为3:7时,对应复合膜M3拥有最大的电负性,上表面平均孔径降低至1.825nm,属于紧致超滤膜,其表现出高效的染料/盐混合物的分离效率,染料截留率高于95.5%,Na Cl和Na2SO4截留率低至5.6%,纯水通量达到153.8L/m2?h,远大于传统纳滤膜的渗透通量。另外,M3也表现出优异的抗染料污染性能及宽泛的使用条件(溶液酸碱性,温度,压力)。
Abstract
sui zhao ren kou zeng chang ji gong ye hua de kuai su fa zhan ,da liang pai fang de sheng huo wu shui ji gong ye fei shui bu jin zao cheng shui zi yuan yan chong lang fei er ju wei hai dao ren lei de jian kang he an quan 。yin ci ,dui zhe xie wu shui fei shui jin hang jing hua chu li shi guan ji dao guo ji min sheng de da shi 。xiang dui yu chuan tong de shui chu li fang fa ,mo fen li ji shu zai wu shui fei shui chu li fang mian you zhao jie neng 、huan bao 、jian chan cao zuo deng you shi 。dan zai shi ji ying yong guo cheng zhong ye cun zai zhao shen tou tong liang di 、shua ze xing di 、yi wu ran ji tong liang yu jie liu lv zhi jian yan chong de trade-offxiao ying deng wen ti 。er zhe xie wen ti wang wang yu fen li mo zi shen de xing mao jie gou ji hua xue xing zhi you guan 。yin ci ,ben lun wen yi zeng ge xing neng you yi de ju fang mi feng lei cai liao wei chao lv mo ji zhi cai liao ,cong mo ben shen chu fa ,tong guo bu tong gai xing fang fa lai diao jie ju fang mi feng lei chao lv mo de xing mao jie gou he hua xue xing zhi ,cong er de dao gao shen tou tong liang ,gao shua ze xing ji you yi kang wu ran xing neng de chao lv mo 。shou xian ,wo men shua ze le jian chan 、pu bian de gong hun gai xing fang fa ,ju ti de ,wo men tong guo yi ji lie hua xue fan ying cheng gong ge cheng le yi chong qin shui dan bu rong yu shui de huang hua chao zhi hua ju mi feng (SHBPES),bing yi ji wei tian liao yu ju mi feng (PES)jin hang gong hun ,tong guo jin zi -chen dian xiang zhuai hua fa cheng gong zhi bei yi ji lie PESfu ge chao lv mo 。jie guo biao ming ,you yu SHBPESmo duan fu han -SO3H,SHBPESde tian jia di gao le chao lv mo de qin shui xing ji kai kong lv ,chao lv mo de shen tou tong liang ji kang wu xing neng you suo zeng jiang 。ji zhong ,dang SHBPEStian jia liang wei 30%shi ,dui ying fu ge chao lv mo M3cheng xian le you yi de zeng ge xing neng ,ji chun shui tong liang da dao 265.4 L/m2?h,shi chun PESmo de 1.8bei ,BSAjie liu lv ji tong liang hui fu lv fen bie da dao 98.2%he 82.7%。dan wo men fa xian ,SHBPESde yin ru dui PESchao lv mo shen tou tong liang de di gao fu du bing bu shi hen da ,hai bu neng ling ren man yi ,yin ci ,zai ci ji chu shang ,wo men yin ru le ju you zhong kong guan zhuang jie gou de ai luo dan na mi guan (HNTs),zhe chong duo kong jie gou ke yi zuo wei shui yun shu tong dao bing geng da cheng du de di gao mo de kai kong lv ji kong dao zhi jian de hu chuan xing ,ke da fu du di gao mo de shen tou tong liang ;tong shi wei zeng jiang HNTsqin shui xing ji yu ji ti cai liao de xiang rong xing ,wo men li yong shang yi zhang de SHBPESlai xiu shi HNTsde dao HNT-SHBPES。ran hou ,yi HNT-SHBPESwei tian liao yu PEScan za zhi bei le yi ji lie de you ji -mo ji za hua fu ge chao lv mo 。wo men fa xian ,HNT-SHBPESde can za xian zhe di gao mo de qin shui xing ji kai kong lv 。dang HNT-SHBPEStian jia liang wei 8%shi biao xian chu zui you de zeng ge xing neng ,ji chun shui tong liang da dao 351.6 L/m2 h,shi chun PESmo de 2.2bei ,zhe zhu yao gui yin yu qin shui SHBPEShe duo kong HNTsde xie tong zuo yong 。ling wai ,you yu HNT-SHBPESyu PESji zhi zhi jian liang hao de xiang rong xing ,you ji -mo ji za hua mo zai yong you gao shen tou tong liang de tong shi bao chi le gao de wu ran wu jie liu lv ,trade-offxiao ying jian ruo 。ran er ,cong da gui mo gong ye hua sheng chan ji ying yong de jiao du lai jiang ,gong hun gai xing zong shi cun zai zhao tian liao yu ji zhi zhi jian xiang rong xing de wen ti ,te bie shi mo ji na mi cai liao ,zai zhi bei guo cheng zhong hen nan bao zheng mo de mo que xian xing ji ying yong guo cheng zhong xing neng de chi jiu wen ding xing ,yin ci ,wo men cai yong le geng wei wen ding ,you xiao de ben ti gai xing de fang fa ,ju ti de ,tong guo qin he su ju fan ying jiang han you qin shui suo ji ce ji de fen tai lin shuang fen chan ti cheng gong yin ru ju feng (PSF)fen zi gu jia ge cheng de dao yi ji lie suo ji han liang bu tong de suo hua ju feng gong ju wu (PSF-COOH)。ran hou yi ta men wei mo cai liao li yong xiang zhuai hua de fang fa zhi bei le yi ji lie suo hua ju feng chao lv mo 。wo men fa xian sui zhao gong ju wu fen zi gu jia zhong suo ji han liang de zeng duo ,suo dui ying de chao lv mo de qin shui xing ji kong xi lv zhu jian zeng da ,pi ceng hou du zhu jian bian bao ju shang biao mian you zhi mi bian wei duo kong ,mo de shen tou tong liang ji kang wu ran xing neng xian zhe de di gao 。ji zhong ,dang fen tai lin han liang wei 100%shi ,ji dui ying de chao lv mo PSF-COOH-100%cheng xian le zui you yi de zeng ge xing neng ,ji chun shui tong liang da dao 329.6 L/m2?h,wei chun PSFmo de 2.65bei ,BSAjie liu lv ji tong liang hui fu lv ye fen bie da dao 94.6%he 92.5%。zui hou ,wei jin yi bu kai fa chao lv mo de xin xing neng ,xin ying yong ,wo men li yong jian chan xiang zhuai hua fang fa zhi bei le neng gou shi xian geng xiao che cun ran liao fen zi gao shua ze fen li de jin zhi chao lv mo 。ju ti de ,wo men li yong shang yi zhang de PSF-COOK60%wei tian liao ,yi PSF-COOH60%wei mo cai liao ,tong guo diao jie PSF-COOK60%yu PSF-COOH60%de zhi liang bi zhi bei yi ji lie fu ge mo 。yan jiu fa xian ,sui zhao PSF-COOK60%tian jia liang de zeng jia ,dui ying zhu mo ye de nian du ,fu ge mo biao mian dian fu xing ,qin shui xing ,shang pi ceng hou du cheng xian zhu jian zeng da de qu shi ,er shang biao mian xing mao que you duo kong bian de zhi mi 。dang PSF-COOK60%yu PSFCOOH60%zhi liang bi wei 3:7shi ,dui ying fu ge mo M3yong you zui da de dian fu xing ,shang biao mian ping jun kong jing jiang di zhi 1.825nm,shu yu jin zhi chao lv mo ,ji biao xian chu gao xiao de ran liao /yan hun ge wu de fen li xiao lv ,ran liao jie liu lv gao yu 95.5%,Na Clhe Na2SO4jie liu lv di zhi 5.6%,chun shui tong liang da dao 153.8L/m2?h,yuan da yu chuan tong na lv mo de shen tou tong liang 。ling wai ,M3ye biao xian chu you yi de kang ran liao wu ran xing neng ji kuan fan de shi yong tiao jian (rong ye suan jian xing ,wen du ,ya li )。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自吉林大学的刘志晓，发表于刊物吉林大学2019-06-25论文，是一篇关于聚芳醚砜类论文,超滤膜论文,高渗透通量论文,效应论文,抗污染性能论文,吉林大学2019-06-25论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自吉林大学2019-06-25论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：聚芳醚砜类论文; 超滤膜论文; 高渗透通量论文; 效应论文; 抗污染性能论文; 吉林大学2019-06-25论文;