本文主要研究内容
作者樊路杰（2019）在《桑叶对育肥猪生长发育、脂质代谢和肉品质的影响》一文中研究指出：我国是世界猪肉生产大国,猪肉产量超过世界总产量的一半。生猪养殖消耗大量的蛋白质饲料,而我国蛋白质饲料如豆粕等却主要依赖进口,这极大限制了我国生猪产业的发展。我国拥有丰富的桑叶资源,桑叶具有丰富的营养价值,蛋白含量与苜蓿相似(约16%),且富含多种有益的生物活性成分。因此,桑叶是一种理想的新型蛋白质饲料,可以极大缓解我国蛋白质饲料短缺的问题。本研究以72头体重、体况相近的三元(杜×长×大)杂交育肥猪为实验对象,随机分为3组(对照组/Control,桑叶组/MF和发酵桑叶组/FMF),每组4个重复(6头猪/重复)。对照组饲喂普通商品育肥猪日粮(基础日粮),桑叶组和发酵桑叶组日粮是在基础日粮中分别添加5%(w/w)的桑叶或发酵桑叶。饲喂期45天。取得主要结果如下:1、发酵可以降低桑叶中粗纤维含量,提高粗脂肪、粗蛋白和多酚含量。2、在日粮中添加桑叶或发酵桑叶显著提高育肥猪肉料比(P<0.05),降低背膘厚(P<0.05);而对皮厚、体斜长、体宽和眼肌面积等胴体性状无显著影响(P>0.05)。3、添加桑叶或发酵桑叶后育肥猪血清甘油三酯(Triglyceride,TG)和总胆固醇(Total cholesterol,TC)极显著降低(P<0.01);高密度胆固醇(High density cholesterol,HDL-c)和低密度胆固醇(Low density cholesterol,LDL-c)分别极显著升高和降低(P<0.01),HDL-c/LDL-c值极显著升高(P<0.01);血清游离胆固醇(Free cholesterol,FC)只在添加桑叶组显著降低(P<0.05);血清游离脂肪酸(Free fatty acid,FFA)、载脂蛋白A(Apolipoprotein A,APO-A)、载脂蛋白B(Apolipoprotein B,APO-B)和血糖(Glucose,Glu)无显著变化(P>0.05)。在桑叶和发酵桑叶组,血清超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dismutase,SOD)含量显著下降(P<0.05),而总抗氧化能(Total anti-oxidative capacity,T-AOC)在桑叶组显著升高(P<0.05),丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)、脂质过氧化物(Lipid peroxide,LPO)无显著差异(P>0.05)。此外,桑叶或发酵桑叶显著升高了血清瘦素(Leptin)水平(P<0.05);脂联素(Adiponectin)只在桑叶组中显著升高(P<0.05);而胰岛素(Insulin)和糖皮质激素(Glucocorticoid)无显著变化(P>0.05)。4、添加桑叶或发酵桑叶后,猪背部皮下脂肪细胞显著变小,脂解相关的激素敏感性脂肪酶(Hormone-sensitive triglayceride lipase,HSL)蛋白表达量显著升高(P<0.05),而甘油三酯脂肪酶(Adipose triglyceride lipase,ATGL)无显著变化(P>0.05)。脂合成相关的蛋白中,脂肪酸合成酶(Fatty acid synthase,FAS)在添加桑叶后显著下降(P<0.05),而在发酵桑叶组中无显著变化(P>0.05);CCAAT增强子结合蛋白α(CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein Alpha,C/EBPα)、CCAAT增强子结合蛋白β(CCAAT/enhancer binding protein,C/EBPβ)、甾醇调节元件结合蛋白1(Sterol regulatory element binding protein 1,SREBP1)和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(Peroxisome proliferator activated receptorγ,PPARγ)的蛋白表达量在两个处理组中均无显著差异(P>0.05);瘦素信号通路中瘦素受体(Leptin receptor,Leptin-R)在添加桑叶和发酵桑叶后显著升高(P<0.05),同时信号传导与转录激活因子3(Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription,STAT3)的磷酸化水平也显著升高(P<0.05),表明瘦素介导的信号通路被显著增强。同时,在两个处理组肝脏和肌肉中甘油三酯的含量显著升高(P<0.05)。5、添加桑叶或发酵桑叶后,肌肉失水率在发酵桑叶组中显著升高(P<0.05),而pH、滴水损失和肉色均无显著变化(P>0.05);丝氨酸、谷氨酸、缬氨酸、苯丙氨酸和组氨酸在发酵桑叶组中显著降低(P<0.05),其它氨基酸无显著变化(P>0.05);脂肪酸组成和肌肉抗氧化能力无显著变化(P>0.05)。综上所述,在日粮中添加桑叶或发酵桑叶可以显著提高肉料比,降低育肥猪背膘厚度,提高肌内脂肪含量。且对猪肉品质无显著影响。
Abstract
wo guo shi shi jie zhu rou sheng chan da guo ,zhu rou chan liang chao guo shi jie zong chan liang de yi ban 。sheng zhu yang shi xiao hao da liang de dan bai zhi si liao ,er wo guo dan bai zhi si liao ru dou po deng que zhu yao yi lai jin kou ,zhe ji da xian zhi le wo guo sheng zhu chan ye de fa zhan 。wo guo yong you feng fu de sang xie zi yuan ,sang xie ju you feng fu de ying yang jia zhi ,dan bai han liang yu mu xu xiang shi (yao 16%),ju fu han duo chong you yi de sheng wu huo xing cheng fen 。yin ci ,sang xie shi yi chong li xiang de xin xing dan bai zhi si liao ,ke yi ji da huan jie wo guo dan bai zhi si liao duan que de wen ti 。ben yan jiu yi 72tou ti chong 、ti kuang xiang jin de san yuan (du ×chang ×da )za jiao yo fei zhu wei shi yan dui xiang ,sui ji fen wei 3zu (dui zhao zu /Control,sang xie zu /MFhe fa jiao sang xie zu /FMF),mei zu 4ge chong fu (6tou zhu /chong fu )。dui zhao zu si wei pu tong shang pin yo fei zhu ri liang (ji chu ri liang ),sang xie zu he fa jiao sang xie zu ri liang shi zai ji chu ri liang zhong fen bie tian jia 5%(w/w)de sang xie huo fa jiao sang xie 。si wei ji 45tian 。qu de zhu yao jie guo ru xia :1、fa jiao ke yi jiang di sang xie zhong cu qian wei han liang ,di gao cu zhi fang 、cu dan bai he duo fen han liang 。2、zai ri liang zhong tian jia sang xie huo fa jiao sang xie xian zhe di gao yo fei zhu rou liao bi (P<0.05),jiang di bei biao hou (P<0.05);er dui pi hou 、ti xie chang 、ti kuan he yan ji mian ji deng dong ti xing zhuang mo xian zhe ying xiang (P>0.05)。3、tian jia sang xie huo fa jiao sang xie hou yo fei zhu xie qing gan you san zhi (Triglyceride,TG)he zong dan gu chun (Total cholesterol,TC)ji xian zhe jiang di (P<0.01);gao mi du dan gu chun (High density cholesterol,HDL-c)he di mi du dan gu chun (Low density cholesterol,LDL-c)fen bie ji xian zhe sheng gao he jiang di (P<0.01),HDL-c/LDL-czhi ji xian zhe sheng gao (P<0.01);xie qing you li dan gu chun (Free cholesterol,FC)zhi zai tian jia sang xie zu xian zhe jiang di (P<0.05);xie qing you li zhi fang suan (Free fatty acid,FFA)、zai zhi dan bai A(Apolipoprotein A,APO-A)、zai zhi dan bai B(Apolipoprotein B,APO-B)he xie tang (Glucose,Glu)mo xian zhe bian hua (P>0.05)。zai sang xie he fa jiao sang xie zu ,xie qing chao yang hua wu qi hua mei (Superoxide Dismutase,SOD)han liang xian zhe xia jiang (P<0.05),er zong kang yang hua neng (Total anti-oxidative capacity,T-AOC)zai sang xie zu xian zhe sheng gao (P<0.05),bing er quan (Malondialdehyde,MDA)、zhi zhi guo yang hua wu (Lipid peroxide,LPO)mo xian zhe cha yi (P>0.05)。ci wai ,sang xie huo fa jiao sang xie xian zhe sheng gao le xie qing shou su (Leptin)shui ping (P<0.05);zhi lian su (Adiponectin)zhi zai sang xie zu zhong xian zhe sheng gao (P<0.05);er yi dao su (Insulin)he tang pi zhi ji su (Glucocorticoid)mo xian zhe bian hua (P>0.05)。4、tian jia sang xie huo fa jiao sang xie hou ,zhu bei bu pi xia zhi fang xi bao xian zhe bian xiao ,zhi jie xiang guan de ji su min gan xing zhi fang mei (Hormone-sensitive triglayceride lipase,HSL)dan bai biao da liang xian zhe sheng gao (P<0.05),er gan you san zhi zhi fang mei (Adipose triglyceride lipase,ATGL)mo xian zhe bian hua (P>0.05)。zhi ge cheng xiang guan de dan bai zhong ,zhi fang suan ge cheng mei (Fatty acid synthase,FAS)zai tian jia sang xie hou xian zhe xia jiang (P<0.05),er zai fa jiao sang xie zu zhong mo xian zhe bian hua (P>0.05);CCAATzeng jiang zi jie ge dan bai α(CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein Alpha,C/EBPα)、CCAATzeng jiang zi jie ge dan bai β(CCAAT/enhancer binding protein,C/EBPβ)、zai chun diao jie yuan jian jie ge dan bai 1(Sterol regulatory element binding protein 1,SREBP1)he guo yang hua wu mei ti zeng shi wu ji huo shou ti (Peroxisome proliferator activated receptorγ,PPARγ)de dan bai biao da liang zai liang ge chu li zu zhong jun mo xian zhe cha yi (P>0.05);shou su xin hao tong lu zhong shou su shou ti (Leptin receptor,Leptin-R)zai tian jia sang xie he fa jiao sang xie hou xian zhe sheng gao (P<0.05),tong shi xin hao chuan dao yu zhuai lu ji huo yin zi 3(Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription,STAT3)de lin suan hua shui ping ye xian zhe sheng gao (P<0.05),biao ming shou su jie dao de xin hao tong lu bei xian zhe zeng jiang 。tong shi ,zai liang ge chu li zu gan zang he ji rou zhong gan you san zhi de han liang xian zhe sheng gao (P<0.05)。5、tian jia sang xie huo fa jiao sang xie hou ,ji rou shi shui lv zai fa jiao sang xie zu zhong xian zhe sheng gao (P<0.05),er pH、di shui sun shi he rou se jun mo xian zhe bian hua (P>0.05);si an suan 、gu an suan 、xie an suan 、ben bing an suan he zu an suan zai fa jiao sang xie zu zhong xian zhe jiang di (P<0.05),ji ta an ji suan mo xian zhe bian hua (P>0.05);zhi fang suan zu cheng he ji rou kang yang hua neng li mo xian zhe bian hua (P>0.05)。zeng shang suo shu ,zai ri liang zhong tian jia sang xie huo fa jiao sang xie ke yi xian zhe di gao rou liao bi ,jiang di yo fei zhu bei biao hou du ,di gao ji nei zhi fang han liang 。ju dui zhu rou pin zhi mo xian zhe ying xiang 。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自西北农林科技大学的樊路杰，发表于刊物西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文，是一篇关于桑叶论文,育肥猪论文,生长性能论文,脂质沉积论文,肉品质论文,西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：桑叶论文; 育肥猪论文; 生长性能论文; 脂质沉积论文; 肉品质论文; 西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文;