本文主要研究内容
作者秦洋（2019）在《不同交联剂熔融共混对羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉膜结构与性能的影响》一文中研究指出：传统石油基塑料非降解特性造成的环境压力和生态灾害,严重威胁着人类的生存与可持续发展,可降解塑料已被世人公认为最有发展前景的传统石油基塑料的主要替代产品。目前,在可降解塑料产品中,淀粉基降解塑料是最有潜力的天然聚合物材料。但是与传统塑料相比,淀粉基降解塑料吸湿性强、力学性能差等缺陷制约了其推广和应用。本文选取了成膜后具有较好力学性能的高直链玉米淀粉为基材,采用SEM、13C-SSNMR、ATR-FTIR、SLS/DLS、XRD等先进分析手段,研究了熔融挤出中不同交联剂对羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉结构与性能的影响,明确了不同交联剂对羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉的分子结构和分子间相互作用及结晶结构的影响,揭示了不同交联剂对羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉膜力学性能的影响及熔融挤出交联提高羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉性能的机制,以期为高性能羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉膜的开发与应用提供理论与技术支持。主要结果如下:（1）碱处理对高直链玉米淀粉膜的性能有明显影响,即随着氢氧化钠用量的增加,高直链玉米淀粉膜的抗拉强度逐渐降低,而断裂伸长率逐渐升高。添加2%的NaOH的高直链玉米淀粉膜的抗拉强度为10.03 MPa,断裂伸长率为40%;添加10%的NaOH高直链玉米淀粉膜的,抗拉强度为7.69 Mpa,断裂伸长率为60%（2）添加2%的NaOH能够促进淀粉分子的有序性重排,形成Eh型结晶结构,增大单螺旋结构的间距,提高淀粉分子流动性,并减缓重结晶的进程;添加10%的NaOH则能使高直链玉米淀粉的羟基在挤出过程中发生氧化,形成多羰基的结构,并引发淀粉分子链的降解与交联。（3）实现了柠檬酸与羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉的交联反应挤出以及热塑性淀粉的同步制备;减少了从制备改性高直链玉米淀粉到其成膜过程中的生产步骤,节约了生产时间,减少了能源消耗,提高了生产效率。（4）柠檬酸交联的羟丙基淀粉膜在反应pH为5.66时抗拉强度为7.20 MPa,断裂伸长率为94.53%;随着柠檬酸用量的增大,淀粉膜的抗拉强度明显降低,但低pH条件有利于提升淀粉膜的阻水性能,pH为4.83时,柠檬酸交联的羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉膜的水蒸气通过率为2.51×10-12g·m·m-2·s-1·Pa-1。（5）在碱性条件的柠檬酸交联羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉的反应挤出中,柠檬酸更倾向于先中和羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉中的氢氧化钠,形成柠檬酸钠,促进淀粉的糊化。弱酸性条件有利于柠檬酸和羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉在挤出过程中发生酯化反应和双酯交联反应,增强淀粉膜的抗拉强度;随着pH的降低,柠檬酸对淀粉的酸解作用逐渐增强,引发淀粉分子的降解,劣化淀粉膜的力学性能。（6）交联剂的种类对羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉-柠檬酸膜的力学性能有明显影响。液体交联剂与淀粉的反应均匀,对淀粉膜的增强效果好;而固体交联剂而因分散性差与淀粉反应效率低,对淀粉的增强效果弱。戊二醛交联改性的羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉膜具有最大的抗拉强度,为8.54 MPa,断裂伸长率69%;而三偏磷酸钠改性的羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉膜具有最大的断裂伸长率为85%,抗拉强度为6.42 MPa。（7）戊二醛的两个α-C上的醛基可以与羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉分子链形成的“H”形交联结构,利于淀粉分子链在成膜过程中的有序性排列,维持淀粉链的构象稳定,增强淀粉膜抗拉强度;环氧氯丙烷与淀粉分子形成“I”形交联结构或者分子内交联结构,使淀粉分子链无规则团聚。与戊二醛相比,其对淀粉的增强效果较差;三偏磷酸钠与羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉的反应不均匀,不利于淀粉膜的性能提升。（8）添加不同分子量的羟丙基甲基纤维素增强了羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉-柠檬酸膜抗拉强度,但会引起其断裂伸长率的明显降低。淀粉膜的抗拉强度随着羟丙基甲基纤维素的分子量增大而逐渐降低。添加分子量为1000的羟丙基甲基纤维素的淀粉膜的抗拉强度最大,为10.34 MPa,但断裂伸长率仅为16%。（9）羟丙基甲基纤维素和羟丙基高直链玉米淀粉在挤出成膜过程中的相容性较差。小分子的羟丙基甲基纤维素能够在成膜后保持线性结构并有序聚集,在淀粉膜中形成骨架,利于提升淀粉膜的抗拉强度;而大分子的羟丙基甲基纤维素则倾向于发生无规则团聚,形成无定型结构,对淀粉膜的增强作用弱。（10）通过添加适当的助剂,促进高直链玉米淀粉在熔融挤出过程中淀粉颗粒结构和结晶结构的破坏,并形成有序性较高的分子链排布状态和交联结构,利于淀粉膜抗拉强度的提升。本实验认为以羟丙基淀粉为成膜基材,柠檬酸/戊二醛为交联剂,低分子量的羟丙基甲基纤维素为增强剂的组合为最佳,有利于制备出满足包装强度需求的可降解淀粉膜。
Abstract
chuan tong dan you ji su liao fei jiang jie te xing zao cheng de huan jing ya li he sheng tai zai hai ,yan chong wei xie zhao ren lei de sheng cun yu ke chi xu fa zhan ,ke jiang jie su liao yi bei shi ren gong ren wei zui you fa zhan qian jing de chuan tong dan you ji su liao de zhu yao ti dai chan pin 。mu qian ,zai ke jiang jie su liao chan pin zhong ,dian fen ji jiang jie su liao shi zui you qian li de tian ran ju ge wu cai liao 。dan shi yu chuan tong su liao xiang bi ,dian fen ji jiang jie su liao xi shi xing jiang 、li xue xing neng cha deng que xian zhi yao le ji tui an he ying yong 。ben wen shua qu le cheng mo hou ju you jiao hao li xue xing neng de gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen wei ji cai ,cai yong SEM、13C-SSNMR、ATR-FTIR、SLS/DLS、XRDdeng xian jin fen xi shou duan ,yan jiu le rong rong ji chu zhong bu tong jiao lian ji dui qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen jie gou yu xing neng de ying xiang ,ming que le bu tong jiao lian ji dui qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen de fen zi jie gou he fen zi jian xiang hu zuo yong ji jie jing jie gou de ying xiang ,jie shi le bu tong jiao lian ji dui qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen mo li xue xing neng de ying xiang ji rong rong ji chu jiao lian di gao qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen xing neng de ji zhi ,yi ji wei gao xing neng qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen mo de kai fa yu ying yong di gong li lun yu ji shu zhi chi 。zhu yao jie guo ru xia :（1）jian chu li dui gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen mo de xing neng you ming xian ying xiang ,ji sui zhao qing yang hua na yong liang de zeng jia ,gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen mo de kang la jiang du zhu jian jiang di ,er duan lie shen chang lv zhu jian sheng gao 。tian jia 2%de NaOHde gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen mo de kang la jiang du wei 10.03 MPa,duan lie shen chang lv wei 40%;tian jia 10%de NaOHgao zhi lian yu mi dian fen mo de ,kang la jiang du wei 7.69 Mpa,duan lie shen chang lv wei 60%（2）tian jia 2%de NaOHneng gou cu jin dian fen fen zi de you xu xing chong pai ,xing cheng Ehxing jie jing jie gou ,zeng da chan luo xuan jie gou de jian ju ,di gao dian fen fen zi liu dong xing ,bing jian huan chong jie jing de jin cheng ;tian jia 10%de NaOHze neng shi gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen de qiang ji zai ji chu guo cheng zhong fa sheng yang hua ,xing cheng duo tang ji de jie gou ,bing yin fa dian fen fen zi lian de jiang jie yu jiao lian 。（3）shi xian le ning meng suan yu qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen de jiao lian fan ying ji chu yi ji re su xing dian fen de tong bu zhi bei ;jian shao le cong zhi bei gai xing gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen dao ji cheng mo guo cheng zhong de sheng chan bu zhou ,jie yao le sheng chan shi jian ,jian shao le neng yuan xiao hao ,di gao le sheng chan xiao lv 。（4）ning meng suan jiao lian de qiang bing ji dian fen mo zai fan ying pHwei 5.66shi kang la jiang du wei 7.20 MPa,duan lie shen chang lv wei 94.53%;sui zhao ning meng suan yong liang de zeng da ,dian fen mo de kang la jiang du ming xian jiang di ,dan di pHtiao jian you li yu di sheng dian fen mo de zu shui xing neng ,pHwei 4.83shi ,ning meng suan jiao lian de qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen mo de shui zheng qi tong guo lv wei 2.51×10-12g·m·m-2·s-1·Pa-1。（5）zai jian xing tiao jian de ning meng suan jiao lian qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen de fan ying ji chu zhong ,ning meng suan geng qing xiang yu xian zhong he qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen zhong de qing yang hua na ,xing cheng ning meng suan na ,cu jin dian fen de hu hua 。ruo suan xing tiao jian you li yu ning meng suan he qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen zai ji chu guo cheng zhong fa sheng zhi hua fan ying he shuang zhi jiao lian fan ying ,zeng jiang dian fen mo de kang la jiang du ;sui zhao pHde jiang di ,ning meng suan dui dian fen de suan jie zuo yong zhu jian zeng jiang ,yin fa dian fen fen zi de jiang jie ,lie hua dian fen mo de li xue xing neng 。（6）jiao lian ji de chong lei dui qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen -ning meng suan mo de li xue xing neng you ming xian ying xiang 。ye ti jiao lian ji yu dian fen de fan ying jun yun ,dui dian fen mo de zeng jiang xiao guo hao ;er gu ti jiao lian ji er yin fen san xing cha yu dian fen fan ying xiao lv di ,dui dian fen de zeng jiang xiao guo ruo 。wu er quan jiao lian gai xing de qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen mo ju you zui da de kang la jiang du ,wei 8.54 MPa,duan lie shen chang lv 69%;er san pian lin suan na gai xing de qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen mo ju you zui da de duan lie shen chang lv wei 85%,kang la jiang du wei 6.42 MPa。（7）wu er quan de liang ge α-Cshang de quan ji ke yi yu qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen fen zi lian xing cheng de “H”xing jiao lian jie gou ,li yu dian fen fen zi lian zai cheng mo guo cheng zhong de you xu xing pai lie ,wei chi dian fen lian de gou xiang wen ding ,zeng jiang dian fen mo kang la jiang du ;huan yang lv bing wan yu dian fen fen zi xing cheng “I”xing jiao lian jie gou huo zhe fen zi nei jiao lian jie gou ,shi dian fen fen zi lian mo gui ze tuan ju 。yu wu er quan xiang bi ,ji dui dian fen de zeng jiang xiao guo jiao cha ;san pian lin suan na yu qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen de fan ying bu jun yun ,bu li yu dian fen mo de xing neng di sheng 。（8）tian jia bu tong fen zi liang de qiang bing ji jia ji qian wei su zeng jiang le qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen -ning meng suan mo kang la jiang du ,dan hui yin qi ji duan lie shen chang lv de ming xian jiang di 。dian fen mo de kang la jiang du sui zhao qiang bing ji jia ji qian wei su de fen zi liang zeng da er zhu jian jiang di 。tian jia fen zi liang wei 1000de qiang bing ji jia ji qian wei su de dian fen mo de kang la jiang du zui da ,wei 10.34 MPa,dan duan lie shen chang lv jin wei 16%。（9）qiang bing ji jia ji qian wei su he qiang bing ji gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen zai ji chu cheng mo guo cheng zhong de xiang rong xing jiao cha 。xiao fen zi de qiang bing ji jia ji qian wei su neng gou zai cheng mo hou bao chi xian xing jie gou bing you xu ju ji ,zai dian fen mo zhong xing cheng gu jia ,li yu di sheng dian fen mo de kang la jiang du ;er da fen zi de qiang bing ji jia ji qian wei su ze qing xiang yu fa sheng mo gui ze tuan ju ,xing cheng mo ding xing jie gou ,dui dian fen mo de zeng jiang zuo yong ruo 。（10）tong guo tian jia kuo dang de zhu ji ,cu jin gao zhi lian yu mi dian fen zai rong rong ji chu guo cheng zhong dian fen ke li jie gou he jie jing jie gou de po huai ,bing xing cheng you xu xing jiao gao de fen zi lian pai bu zhuang tai he jiao lian jie gou ,li yu dian fen mo kang la jiang du de di sheng 。ben shi yan ren wei yi qiang bing ji dian fen wei cheng mo ji cai ,ning meng suan /wu er quan wei jiao lian ji ,di fen zi liang de qiang bing ji jia ji qian wei su wei zeng jiang ji de zu ge wei zui jia ,you li yu zhi bei chu man zu bao zhuang jiang du xu qiu de ke jiang jie dian fen mo 。
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论文作者分别是来自山东农业大学的秦洋，发表于刊物山东农业大学2019-07-05论文，是一篇关于高直链玉米淀粉论文,熔融共混论文,淀粉改性论文,可降解淀粉膜论文,山东农业大学2019-07-05论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自山东农业大学2019-07-05论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：高直链玉米淀粉论文; 熔融共混论文; 淀粉改性论文; 可降解淀粉膜论文; 山东农业大学2019-07-05论文;