本文主要研究内容
作者赵鹏(2019)在《纳米结构Mn/Co金属氧化物超级电容器电极材料电化学性能研究》一文中研究指出:近年来,随着新能源汽车和可穿戴电子产品的快速发展,对储能器件性能的要求也越来越高。新型储能器件不仅要求具有高的能量密度,同时也需要有高功率特性和长使用寿命。超级电容器的出现满足了商业产品对功率密度和使用寿命的要求,然而超级电容器低的能量密度限制了在一定程度上其商业应用。在保证自身的优势前提下,提高能量密度是目前超级电容器领域的研究热点。从能量密度计算公式可知超级电容器的能量密度主要取决于电极材料的比容量和电压窗口的大小,调控微观结构和提高导电性可以提高电极材料的比容量,选择合适的电极和组装成非对称电容器可以拓宽电压窗口。在此前提下,本论文围绕电极材料的调制和非对称超级电容器器件的组装,来提高超级电容器的能量密度。具体研究内容如下:(1)通过与导电碳纤维复合提高电极材料的导电性。先利用静电纺丝技术和相分离原理制备中空碳纳米纤维(HCNFs),然后通过水热法在HCNFs表面原位生长MnO2纳米片,得到具有独特形貌的中空核壳结构MnO2/HCNFs复合材料,其比表面积达到了151.9 m2g-1,比容量为293.6 F g-1。将MnO2/HCNFs复合材料用作正极材料,与多孔碳纳米纤维(PCNFs)组装成非对称超级电容器。器件的比容量为63.9 F g-1,且经过10000次循环充放电测试后,比容量保持率达到91.1%。器件的最大能量密度和最大功率密度分别为35.1 Wh kg-1和8.78 kW kg-1,可以点亮红色LED灯,且持续发光超过5 min。可见,与导电材料复合,并采用合理的微观结构设计和形貌调控提高电极材料的比容量,进而获得高的能量密度。(2)通过与导电聚合物聚吡咯(PPy)复合提高电极材料的导电性。通过水热法制备了MnO2纳米棒(MNR),采用气相聚合法在MNR表面均匀包覆了PPy薄膜,得到具有核壳结构的复合材料(PMNR)。经过5000次GCD测试后,PMNR复合材料的比容量保持率为89.5%,远高于MNR电极的36.2%。PPy高的导电性和良好的稳定性,使得PMNR电极具有比MNR电极更高的比容量和电化学稳定性。将N掺杂多孔碳材料(NPC)和无粘结剂的Fe2O3纳米片电极材料(Fe2O3@CF)作为负极材料,分别与PMNR组成非对称超级电容器,同时也组装了NPC//NPC对称超级电容器,并首次提出用海水作为电解液。三种超级电容器器件各具优势,PMNR//NPC的能量密度最大,PMNR//Fe2O3@CF的比容量最高,NPC//NPC的循环稳定性最好。(3)在导电基底上直接电沉积电化学活性物质,避免加入粘结剂,提高电极的导电性。通过阳极电沉积法和热处理方法,在碳布基底上均匀沉积具有3D网络结构Fe2O3纳米片,得到柔性Fe2O3@CF电极。实验证明,电沉积时间为10 min时,得到Fe2O3@CF-10电极具有最佳的电化学性能,可用于替代目前常用的碳基材料作为非对称电容器的负极材料。Fe2O3@CF-10电极与无粘结剂的MnO2@CF电极组成柔性固态非对称电容器,在PVA/LiCl胶体电解质中,电压窗口达到1.8 V,体积比电容高达2.92 F cm-3,经过5000次循环充放电测试后容量保持率为91.3%。最大能量密度和最大功率密度分别为1.26 mWh cm-3和462.6 mW cm-3,两个串联的柔性器件可以点亮20个并联的红色LED灯。同时,经过100次弯折实验后,器件的比容量保持率高达96%,体现出良好的柔性特征。(4)在导电碳布基底上直接电沉积电化学活性物质,并进一步结合导电聚合物修饰,提高电极材料的电化学性能。通过水热电沉积法在碳布上制备MnO2纳米线,然后通过气相聚合法在MnO2纳米线表面包覆一层PPy薄膜,得到核壳结构MnO2/PPy纳米线,即MnO2/PPy@CF电极。将聚合时间为15 min得到的MnO2/PPy@CF-15电极作为正极与Fe2O3@CF-10电极组成柔性固态非对称电容器,在羧甲基纤维素钠盐与硫酸钠(CMC-Na2SO4)胶体电解质中测试,电化学窗口可达到2 V,体积比电容高达3.62 F cm-3,经过10000次循环充放电测试后容量损失仅为7.4%。柔性器件的最大能量密度和最大功率密度分别为1.93 mWh cm-3和159.6 mW cm-3,两个串联的柔性器件可以点亮16个并联的红色LED灯。经200次弯折实验后,电容保持率高达95.8%。(5)通过N原子部分取代O原子增加电极材料中O-Co-N结构的电负性,在提高电极材料电导率的同时,进一步增加了电极材料的活性位点。采用电沉积方法在碳布上构建了Co3O4纳米片,Co3O4纳米片进一步在氨气条件下热处理,通过参数控制,制备了部分氮化的N-Co3O4纳米片电极材料。将N-Co3O4电极作为正极材料与Fe2O3@CF-10电极组装成柔性非对称超级电容器,在PVA/KOH胶体电解质中,柔性器件的比容量为111.6 F g-1,经过10000次充放电循环测试,容量保持率为93.8%,且最大能量密度和最大功率密度分别为39.7 Wh kg-1和4.43 kW kg-1。两个串联的柔性器件可以点亮一个红色的LED灯并持续发光超过5 min,并且经过100次弯折实验后比容量保持率高达95%。
Abstract
jin nian lai ,sui zhao xin neng yuan qi che he ke chuan dai dian zi chan pin de kuai su fa zhan ,dui chu neng qi jian xing neng de yao qiu ye yue lai yue gao 。xin xing chu neng qi jian bu jin yao qiu ju you gao de neng liang mi du ,tong shi ye xu yao you gao gong lv te xing he chang shi yong shou ming 。chao ji dian rong qi de chu xian man zu le shang ye chan pin dui gong lv mi du he shi yong shou ming de yao qiu ,ran er chao ji dian rong qi di de neng liang mi du xian zhi le zai yi ding cheng du shang ji shang ye ying yong 。zai bao zheng zi shen de you shi qian di xia ,di gao neng liang mi du shi mu qian chao ji dian rong qi ling yu de yan jiu re dian 。cong neng liang mi du ji suan gong shi ke zhi chao ji dian rong qi de neng liang mi du zhu yao qu jue yu dian ji cai liao de bi rong liang he dian ya chuang kou de da xiao ,diao kong wei guan jie gou he di gao dao dian xing ke yi di gao dian ji cai liao de bi rong liang ,shua ze ge kuo de dian ji he zu zhuang cheng fei dui chen dian rong qi ke yi ta kuan dian ya chuang kou 。zai ci qian di xia ,ben lun wen wei rao dian ji cai liao de diao zhi he fei dui chen chao ji dian rong qi qi jian de zu zhuang ,lai di gao chao ji dian rong qi de neng liang mi du 。ju ti yan jiu nei rong ru xia :(1)tong guo yu dao dian tan qian wei fu ge di gao dian ji cai liao de dao dian xing 。xian li yong jing dian fang si ji shu he xiang fen li yuan li zhi bei zhong kong tan na mi qian wei (HCNFs),ran hou tong guo shui re fa zai HCNFsbiao mian yuan wei sheng chang MnO2na mi pian ,de dao ju you du te xing mao de zhong kong he ke jie gou MnO2/HCNFsfu ge cai liao ,ji bi biao mian ji da dao le 151.9 m2g-1,bi rong liang wei 293.6 F g-1。jiang MnO2/HCNFsfu ge cai liao yong zuo zheng ji cai liao ,yu duo kong tan na mi qian wei (PCNFs)zu zhuang cheng fei dui chen chao ji dian rong qi 。qi jian de bi rong liang wei 63.9 F g-1,ju jing guo 10000ci xun huan chong fang dian ce shi hou ,bi rong liang bao chi lv da dao 91.1%。qi jian de zui da neng liang mi du he zui da gong lv mi du fen bie wei 35.1 Wh kg-1he 8.78 kW kg-1,ke yi dian liang gong se LEDdeng ,ju chi xu fa guang chao guo 5 min。ke jian ,yu dao dian cai liao fu ge ,bing cai yong ge li de wei guan jie gou she ji he xing mao diao kong di gao dian ji cai liao de bi rong liang ,jin er huo de gao de neng liang mi du 。(2)tong guo yu dao dian ju ge wu ju bi ge (PPy)fu ge di gao dian ji cai liao de dao dian xing 。tong guo shui re fa zhi bei le MnO2na mi bang (MNR),cai yong qi xiang ju ge fa zai MNRbiao mian jun yun bao fu le PPybao mo ,de dao ju you he ke jie gou de fu ge cai liao (PMNR)。jing guo 5000ci GCDce shi hou ,PMNRfu ge cai liao de bi rong liang bao chi lv wei 89.5%,yuan gao yu MNRdian ji de 36.2%。PPygao de dao dian xing he liang hao de wen ding xing ,shi de PMNRdian ji ju you bi MNRdian ji geng gao de bi rong liang he dian hua xue wen ding xing 。jiang Ncan za duo kong tan cai liao (NPC)he mo nian jie ji de Fe2O3na mi pian dian ji cai liao (Fe2O3@CF)zuo wei fu ji cai liao ,fen bie yu PMNRzu cheng fei dui chen chao ji dian rong qi ,tong shi ye zu zhuang le NPC//NPCdui chen chao ji dian rong qi ,bing shou ci di chu yong hai shui zuo wei dian jie ye 。san chong chao ji dian rong qi qi jian ge ju you shi ,PMNR//NPCde neng liang mi du zui da ,PMNR//Fe2O3@CFde bi rong liang zui gao ,NPC//NPCde xun huan wen ding xing zui hao 。(3)zai dao dian ji de shang zhi jie dian chen ji dian hua xue huo xing wu zhi ,bi mian jia ru nian jie ji ,di gao dian ji de dao dian xing 。tong guo yang ji dian chen ji fa he re chu li fang fa ,zai tan bu ji de shang jun yun chen ji ju you 3Dwang lao jie gou Fe2O3na mi pian ,de dao rou xing Fe2O3@CFdian ji 。shi yan zheng ming ,dian chen ji shi jian wei 10 minshi ,de dao Fe2O3@CF-10dian ji ju you zui jia de dian hua xue xing neng ,ke yong yu ti dai mu qian chang yong de tan ji cai liao zuo wei fei dui chen dian rong qi de fu ji cai liao 。Fe2O3@CF-10dian ji yu mo nian jie ji de MnO2@CFdian ji zu cheng rou xing gu tai fei dui chen dian rong qi ,zai PVA/LiCljiao ti dian jie zhi zhong ,dian ya chuang kou da dao 1.8 V,ti ji bi dian rong gao da 2.92 F cm-3,jing guo 5000ci xun huan chong fang dian ce shi hou rong liang bao chi lv wei 91.3%。zui da neng liang mi du he zui da gong lv mi du fen bie wei 1.26 mWh cm-3he 462.6 mW cm-3,liang ge chuan lian de rou xing qi jian ke yi dian liang 20ge bing lian de gong se LEDdeng 。tong shi ,jing guo 100ci wan she shi yan hou ,qi jian de bi rong liang bao chi lv gao da 96%,ti xian chu liang hao de rou xing te zheng 。(4)zai dao dian tan bu ji de shang zhi jie dian chen ji dian hua xue huo xing wu zhi ,bing jin yi bu jie ge dao dian ju ge wu xiu shi ,di gao dian ji cai liao de dian hua xue xing neng 。tong guo shui re dian chen ji fa zai tan bu shang zhi bei MnO2na mi xian ,ran hou tong guo qi xiang ju ge fa zai MnO2na mi xian biao mian bao fu yi ceng PPybao mo ,de dao he ke jie gou MnO2/PPyna mi xian ,ji MnO2/PPy@CFdian ji 。jiang ju ge shi jian wei 15 minde dao de MnO2/PPy@CF-15dian ji zuo wei zheng ji yu Fe2O3@CF-10dian ji zu cheng rou xing gu tai fei dui chen dian rong qi ,zai suo jia ji qian wei su na yan yu liu suan na (CMC-Na2SO4)jiao ti dian jie zhi zhong ce shi ,dian hua xue chuang kou ke da dao 2 V,ti ji bi dian rong gao da 3.62 F cm-3,jing guo 10000ci xun huan chong fang dian ce shi hou rong liang sun shi jin wei 7.4%。rou xing qi jian de zui da neng liang mi du he zui da gong lv mi du fen bie wei 1.93 mWh cm-3he 159.6 mW cm-3,liang ge chuan lian de rou xing qi jian ke yi dian liang 16ge bing lian de gong se LEDdeng 。jing 200ci wan she shi yan hou ,dian rong bao chi lv gao da 95.8%。(5)tong guo Nyuan zi bu fen qu dai Oyuan zi zeng jia dian ji cai liao zhong O-Co-Njie gou de dian fu xing ,zai di gao dian ji cai liao dian dao lv de tong shi ,jin yi bu zeng jia le dian ji cai liao de huo xing wei dian 。cai yong dian chen ji fang fa zai tan bu shang gou jian le Co3O4na mi pian ,Co3O4na mi pian jin yi bu zai an qi tiao jian xia re chu li ,tong guo can shu kong zhi ,zhi bei le bu fen dan hua de N-Co3O4na mi pian dian ji cai liao 。jiang N-Co3O4dian ji zuo wei zheng ji cai liao yu Fe2O3@CF-10dian ji zu zhuang cheng rou xing fei dui chen chao ji dian rong qi ,zai PVA/KOHjiao ti dian jie zhi zhong ,rou xing qi jian de bi rong liang wei 111.6 F g-1,jing guo 10000ci chong fang dian xun huan ce shi ,rong liang bao chi lv wei 93.8%,ju zui da neng liang mi du he zui da gong lv mi du fen bie wei 39.7 Wh kg-1he 4.43 kW kg-1。liang ge chuan lian de rou xing qi jian ke yi dian liang yi ge gong se de LEDdeng bing chi xu fa guang chao guo 5 min,bing ju jing guo 100ci wan she shi yan hou bi rong liang bao chi lv gao da 95%。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自电子科技大学的赵鹏,发表于刊物电子科技大学2019-07-17论文,是一篇关于复合材料论文,导电性论文,介孔材料论文,非对称超级电容器论文,柔性论文,电子科技大学2019-07-17论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自电子科技大学2019-07-17论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:复合材料论文; 导电性论文; 介孔材料论文; 非对称超级电容器论文; 柔性论文; 电子科技大学2019-07-17论文;