本文主要研究内容
作者吕程（2019）在《含氮离子液体参与构筑的两相体系对金铂的萃取研究》一文中研究指出：当前以金、铂为代表的贵金属在工业中需求量的逐步增加,为贵金属萃取领域提出了更高、更精准的要求。为进一步优化贵金属萃取过程,降低工业预处理投入,探索开发出可以代替传统液-液萃取的新型萃取过程,本论文合成了三种含氮离子液体,分别对盐效应影响、盐效应应用以及固相萃取材料的合成及应用三个方面进行了研究。通过离子液体A336-P204+无机盐体系的物化性质及其对金属铂Pt(Ⅳ)萃取的探索,发现了无机盐离子的影响机理以及各离子的影响规律。对[HBBIm]Br-氯仿体系萃取金Au(Ⅲ)的过程进行了无机盐离子协助反萃的尝试。基于研究中出现的液-液萃取中离子液体易流失、有机溶剂污染大等问题,我们将开发固相萃取体系为研究重点,主要研究了固相萃取材料的制备和萃取效果测试。本论文的研究主要分为三个部分:(1)探究了无机盐参与构筑的高离子率体系的物性数据以及该体系萃取铂Pt(Ⅳ)的机理和条件。首先确定了[PtCl6]2-在被萃取的过程中是通过阴离子交换机理所实现,即[PtCl6]2-代替离子液体中的[P2O4]-,与[A336]+以2:1的比例相结合形成萃合物[A336]2PtCl6。在最佳萃取条件下,该体系对Pt(Ⅳ)的萃取率接近99%。随后分别加入无机盐离子:硫酸根离子、磷酸氢根离子和氯离子。这三种都对提取过程没有影响。而溴离子和硝酸根离子对A336-P204萃取Pt(Ⅳ)有明显的阻碍作用。对于这一现象,我们通过Hofmeister序列认为硝酸根离子和溴离子对A336-P204的水合作用有所促进,使其与水更易结合,形成氢键,使A336-P204易于溶入水中,而无法实现萃取。另外我们从有机相离子率增加的现象出发,解释了离子率增加会削弱[A336]+与[PtCl6]2-的相互作用,这也会降低该体系对Pt(Ⅳ)的萃取率。本工作预测了 Hofmeister序列在萃取中的离子效应,进一步验证了离子对萃取体系的影响机理。(2)探究了无机盐离子对[HBBIm]Br-氯仿体系萃取Au(Ⅲ)的影响,并探究了该影响的应用价值。我们选择通过阴离子交换提取金属的苯并咪唑类离子液体[HBBIm]Br作为萃取剂,在[HBBIm]Br-氯仿的液-液体系中研究其对于金Au(Ⅲ)的萃取条件,并验证了我们对于其阴离子交换萃取机理的猜测。随后,我们选择了同上部分相同的五种常见无机盐,通过实验筛选出了影响最大的一种盐——溴化钠,最后我们利用溴化钠尝试了反萃,将消极影响逐步转化为积极影响。(3)实现了咪唑功能化活性碳材料的制备及其在酸性条件下对Au(Ⅲ)的萃取研究。考虑到液-液萃取存在部分缺点,我们尝试使用廉价易得的活性碳粉末代替有机溶剂作为离子液体的载体,制备了咪唑离子液体改性的功能化活性碳萃取材料,并用于金Au(Ⅲ)的萃取研究之中。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、拉曼光谱、元素分析等分析手段对该材料进行了一系列表征,通过氮气吸附-脱附实验验证了材料在处理前后具有较高的结构稳定性。该材料对金Au(Ⅲ)的最高萃取率可达到98.8%,同时阴离子交换机理也得以验证。考虑到这一萃取过程也可看做是一个吸附的过程,我们通过实验证实AC-[SiPMim]Cl对金Au(Ⅲ)的吸附萃与Langmuir等温吸附模型一致,这就说明该萃取吸附过程为单层吸附,同时萃取剂在活性碳表面属于单层负载。为了进一步研究功能化材料提取金Au(Ⅲ)的过程,研究了热力学和动力学,证实了该萃取吸附过程是一个吸热的自发反应,以上研究均对该材料的工业应用具有一定的参考价值。
Abstract
dang qian yi jin 、bo wei dai biao de gui jin shu zai gong ye zhong xu qiu liang de zhu bu zeng jia ,wei gui jin shu cui qu ling yu di chu le geng gao 、geng jing zhun de yao qiu 。wei jin yi bu you hua gui jin shu cui qu guo cheng ,jiang di gong ye yu chu li tou ru ,tan suo kai fa chu ke yi dai ti chuan tong ye -ye cui qu de xin xing cui qu guo cheng ,ben lun wen ge cheng le san chong han dan li zi ye ti ,fen bie dui yan xiao ying ying xiang 、yan xiao ying ying yong yi ji gu xiang cui qu cai liao de ge cheng ji ying yong san ge fang mian jin hang le yan jiu 。tong guo li zi ye ti A336-P204+mo ji yan ti ji de wu hua xing zhi ji ji dui jin shu bo Pt(Ⅳ)cui qu de tan suo ,fa xian le mo ji yan li zi de ying xiang ji li yi ji ge li zi de ying xiang gui lv 。dui [HBBIm]Br-lv fang ti ji cui qu jin Au(Ⅲ)de guo cheng jin hang le mo ji yan li zi xie zhu fan cui de chang shi 。ji yu yan jiu zhong chu xian de ye -ye cui qu zhong li zi ye ti yi liu shi 、you ji rong ji wu ran da deng wen ti ,wo men jiang kai fa gu xiang cui qu ti ji wei yan jiu chong dian ,zhu yao yan jiu le gu xiang cui qu cai liao de zhi bei he cui qu xiao guo ce shi 。ben lun wen de yan jiu zhu yao fen wei san ge bu fen :(1)tan jiu le mo ji yan can yu gou zhu de gao li zi lv ti ji de wu xing shu ju yi ji gai ti ji cui qu bo Pt(Ⅳ)de ji li he tiao jian 。shou xian que ding le [PtCl6]2-zai bei cui qu de guo cheng zhong shi tong guo yin li zi jiao huan ji li suo shi xian ,ji [PtCl6]2-dai ti li zi ye ti zhong de [P2O4]-,yu [A336]+yi 2:1de bi li xiang jie ge xing cheng cui ge wu [A336]2PtCl6。zai zui jia cui qu tiao jian xia ,gai ti ji dui Pt(Ⅳ)de cui qu lv jie jin 99%。sui hou fen bie jia ru mo ji yan li zi :liu suan gen li zi 、lin suan qing gen li zi he lv li zi 。zhe san chong dou dui di qu guo cheng mei you ying xiang 。er xiu li zi he xiao suan gen li zi dui A336-P204cui qu Pt(Ⅳ)you ming xian de zu ai zuo yong 。dui yu zhe yi xian xiang ,wo men tong guo Hofmeisterxu lie ren wei xiao suan gen li zi he xiu li zi dui A336-P204de shui ge zuo yong you suo cu jin ,shi ji yu shui geng yi jie ge ,xing cheng qing jian ,shi A336-P204yi yu rong ru shui zhong ,er mo fa shi xian cui qu 。ling wai wo men cong you ji xiang li zi lv zeng jia de xian xiang chu fa ,jie shi le li zi lv zeng jia hui xiao ruo [A336]+yu [PtCl6]2-de xiang hu zuo yong ,zhe ye hui jiang di gai ti ji dui Pt(Ⅳ)de cui qu lv 。ben gong zuo yu ce le Hofmeisterxu lie zai cui qu zhong de li zi xiao ying ,jin yi bu yan zheng le li zi dui cui qu ti ji de ying xiang ji li 。(2)tan jiu le mo ji yan li zi dui [HBBIm]Br-lv fang ti ji cui qu Au(Ⅲ)de ying xiang ,bing tan jiu le gai ying xiang de ying yong jia zhi 。wo men shua ze tong guo yin li zi jiao huan di qu jin shu de ben bing mi zuo lei li zi ye ti [HBBIm]Brzuo wei cui qu ji ,zai [HBBIm]Br-lv fang de ye -ye ti ji zhong yan jiu ji dui yu jin Au(Ⅲ)de cui qu tiao jian ,bing yan zheng le wo men dui yu ji yin li zi jiao huan cui qu ji li de cai ce 。sui hou ,wo men shua ze le tong shang bu fen xiang tong de wu chong chang jian mo ji yan ,tong guo shi yan shai shua chu le ying xiang zui da de yi chong yan ——xiu hua na ,zui hou wo men li yong xiu hua na chang shi le fan cui ,jiang xiao ji ying xiang zhu bu zhuai hua wei ji ji ying xiang 。(3)shi xian le mi zuo gong neng hua huo xing tan cai liao de zhi bei ji ji zai suan xing tiao jian xia dui Au(Ⅲ)de cui qu yan jiu 。kao lv dao ye -ye cui qu cun zai bu fen que dian ,wo men chang shi shi yong lian jia yi de de huo xing tan fen mo dai ti you ji rong ji zuo wei li zi ye ti de zai ti ,zhi bei le mi zuo li zi ye ti gai xing de gong neng hua huo xing tan cui qu cai liao ,bing yong yu jin Au(Ⅲ)de cui qu yan jiu zhi zhong 。li yong fu li xie bian huan gong wai guang pu 、la man guang pu 、yuan su fen xi deng fen xi shou duan dui gai cai liao jin hang le yi ji lie biao zheng ,tong guo dan qi xi fu -tuo fu shi yan yan zheng le cai liao zai chu li qian hou ju you jiao gao de jie gou wen ding xing 。gai cai liao dui jin Au(Ⅲ)de zui gao cui qu lv ke da dao 98.8%,tong shi yin li zi jiao huan ji li ye de yi yan zheng 。kao lv dao zhe yi cui qu guo cheng ye ke kan zuo shi yi ge xi fu de guo cheng ,wo men tong guo shi yan zheng shi AC-[SiPMim]Cldui jin Au(Ⅲ)de xi fu cui yu Langmuirdeng wen xi fu mo xing yi zhi ,zhe jiu shui ming gai cui qu xi fu guo cheng wei chan ceng xi fu ,tong shi cui qu ji zai huo xing tan biao mian shu yu chan ceng fu zai 。wei le jin yi bu yan jiu gong neng hua cai liao di qu jin Au(Ⅲ)de guo cheng ,yan jiu le re li xue he dong li xue ,zheng shi le gai cui qu xi fu guo cheng shi yi ge xi re de zi fa fan ying ,yi shang yan jiu jun dui gai cai liao de gong ye ying yong ju you yi ding de can kao jia zhi 。
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论文作者分别是来自山东大学的吕程，发表于刊物山东大学2019-07-16论文，是一篇关于含氮离子液体论文,固相萃取论文,贵金属论文,萃取论文,盐效应论文,山东大学2019-07-16论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自山东大学2019-07-16论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。