本文主要研究内容
作者邹红梅（2019）在《微波、乙醇处理对鲜切马铃薯酶促褐变的抑制效果研究》一文中研究指出：鲜切马铃薯越来越多的应用到马铃薯加工产业中。然而,鲜切马铃薯在切分去皮等加工过程中很容易发生酶促褐变现象,导致其外观颜色变黑,影响其产品的品质。鲜切马铃薯的酶促褐变现象成为限制鲜切果蔬业发展的重要因素。针对马铃薯产品加工行业存在的此类问题,本试验以鲜切马铃薯为研究对象,研究了乙醇溶液和微波处理对其酶促褐变的抑制效果。此外,应用单因素试验及响应面设计优化了微波结合乙醇处理对鲜切马铃薯酶促褐变抑制的工艺条件,并通过测定酶促褐变底物的紫外光谱、红外光谱以及处理前后多酚氧化酶的圆二色谱来初步研究了乙醇和微波处理对鲜切马铃薯酶促褐变抑制的机理。主要研究结果如下:1.乙醇、微波处理对鲜切马铃薯酶促褐变的抑制效果:本文采用不同体积分数的乙醇溶液、不同功率的微波处理来抑制马铃薯的酶促褐变,通过测定酶促褐变指数(BI)、多酚氧化酶活性(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、丙二醛含量(MDA)来评价两种处理方法对鲜切马铃薯酶促褐变的抑制效果。结果表明,5%体积分数的乙醇溶液浸泡鲜切马铃薯15 min(乙醇处理组)后能显著抑制其酶促褐变的程度,经过9 d的贮藏,对照组的BI值由46.90增加至67.37,而鲜切马铃薯经过乙醇处理组的处理后的BI值由起始值46.81上升为54.08;贮藏期结束后,PPO活性和POD活性也显著降低,对照组PPO活性和POD活性分别为18.25 U和2.9 U,乙醇处理组的PPO活性和POD活性分别14.23 U和2.18 U;MDA含量的增加幅度乙醇处理组显著低于对照组,对照组的MDA含量由0.68μmol/g增加到1.16μmol/g,而乙醇处理组MDA含量由起始值0.66μmol/g上升为0.91μmol/g。用功率为390 W微波处理鲜切马铃薯5 s后(微波处理组),对其酶促褐变的抑制具有较好的效果,经过9 d的贮藏,对照组BI值从最初的47.51增加到67.47,微波处理组BI值由初始值39.21变为53.75;PPO和POD的活性也得到了较好抑制,贮藏期结束后对照组PPO和POD活性分别为17.52 U和2.25 U,而微波处理组的PPO和POD活性分别为13.25 U和1.95 U;对照组MDA含量由0.68μmol/g上升为1.21μmol/g,微波处理组的MDA含量从初始值0.31μmol/g变为0.66μmol/g。因此得出,有效抑制鲜切马铃薯酶促褐变的条件是:用体积分数为5%乙醇溶液浸泡处理15 min和390 W微波处理5 s。2.微波结合乙醇处理对鲜切马铃薯酶促褐变抑制的工艺条件优化:通过单因素实验及响应面设计研究乙醇溶液体积分数、乙醇溶液浸泡时间、微波功率、微波加热时间对鲜切马铃薯酶促褐变抑制的影响,得出结论:390 W微波处理5 s,并结合5%体积分数的乙醇溶液浸泡15 min,对鲜切马铃薯酶促褐变的抑制效果最优,在此条件下,BI值为29.94;PPO和POD活性均降低,分别为12.93 U和1.4 U,MDA含量为0.50μmol/g。3.微波、乙醇处理对酶促褐变底物紫外光谱的影响结果:通过对L-酪氨酸和L-多巴2种酶促褐变底物紫外光谱的研究得出以下结论:对照组与乙醇溶液处理组、微波处理组的L-酪氨酸和L-多巴的紫外吸收光谱没有显著性差异。因此乙醇溶液和微波处理没有改变L-酪氨酸和L-多巴的紫外吸收光谱。4.微波、乙醇处理对酶促褐变底物红外光谱的影响结果:通过对L-酪氨酸和L-多巴红外光谱的谱图分析得出以下结论:对照组与乙醇溶液处理组、微波处理组的L-酪氨酸和L-多巴的红外吸收光谱没有显著性差异。因此乙醇溶液和微波处理没有改变L-酪氨酸和L-多巴的红外吸收光谱。5.微波处理对PPO圆二色谱的测定结果:通过对PPO的圆二色谱谱图的分析结果表明,与对照组相比,微波处理后马铃薯PPO的分子结构显著改变,其中α-螺旋和无规则卷曲的含量降低,β-折叠含量上升,这种二级结构的变化可能是微波处理抑制了PPO的活性从而抑制鲜切马铃薯酶促褐变的主要原因。
Abstract
xian qie ma ling shu yue lai yue duo de ying yong dao ma ling shu jia gong chan ye zhong 。ran er ,xian qie ma ling shu zai qie fen qu pi deng jia gong guo cheng zhong hen rong yi fa sheng mei cu he bian xian xiang ,dao zhi ji wai guan yan se bian hei ,ying xiang ji chan pin de pin zhi 。xian qie ma ling shu de mei cu he bian xian xiang cheng wei xian zhi xian qie guo shu ye fa zhan de chong yao yin su 。zhen dui ma ling shu chan pin jia gong hang ye cun zai de ci lei wen ti ,ben shi yan yi xian qie ma ling shu wei yan jiu dui xiang ,yan jiu le yi chun rong ye he wei bo chu li dui ji mei cu he bian de yi zhi xiao guo 。ci wai ,ying yong chan yin su shi yan ji xiang ying mian she ji you hua le wei bo jie ge yi chun chu li dui xian qie ma ling shu mei cu he bian yi zhi de gong yi tiao jian ,bing tong guo ce ding mei cu he bian de wu de zi wai guang pu 、gong wai guang pu yi ji chu li qian hou duo fen yang hua mei de yuan er se pu lai chu bu yan jiu le yi chun he wei bo chu li dui xian qie ma ling shu mei cu he bian yi zhi de ji li 。zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :1.yi chun 、wei bo chu li dui xian qie ma ling shu mei cu he bian de yi zhi xiao guo :ben wen cai yong bu tong ti ji fen shu de yi chun rong ye 、bu tong gong lv de wei bo chu li lai yi zhi ma ling shu de mei cu he bian ,tong guo ce ding mei cu he bian zhi shu (BI)、duo fen yang hua mei huo xing (PPO)、guo yang hua wu mei (POD)huo xing 、bing er quan han liang (MDA)lai ping jia liang chong chu li fang fa dui xian qie ma ling shu mei cu he bian de yi zhi xiao guo 。jie guo biao ming ,5%ti ji fen shu de yi chun rong ye jin pao xian qie ma ling shu 15 min(yi chun chu li zu )hou neng xian zhe yi zhi ji mei cu he bian de cheng du ,jing guo 9 dde zhu cang ,dui zhao zu de BIzhi you 46.90zeng jia zhi 67.37,er xian qie ma ling shu jing guo yi chun chu li zu de chu li hou de BIzhi you qi shi zhi 46.81shang sheng wei 54.08;zhu cang ji jie shu hou ,PPOhuo xing he PODhuo xing ye xian zhe jiang di ,dui zhao zu PPOhuo xing he PODhuo xing fen bie wei 18.25 Uhe 2.9 U,yi chun chu li zu de PPOhuo xing he PODhuo xing fen bie 14.23 Uhe 2.18 U;MDAhan liang de zeng jia fu du yi chun chu li zu xian zhe di yu dui zhao zu ,dui zhao zu de MDAhan liang you 0.68μmol/gzeng jia dao 1.16μmol/g,er yi chun chu li zu MDAhan liang you qi shi zhi 0.66μmol/gshang sheng wei 0.91μmol/g。yong gong lv wei 390 Wwei bo chu li xian qie ma ling shu 5 shou (wei bo chu li zu ),dui ji mei cu he bian de yi zhi ju you jiao hao de xiao guo ,jing guo 9 dde zhu cang ,dui zhao zu BIzhi cong zui chu de 47.51zeng jia dao 67.47,wei bo chu li zu BIzhi you chu shi zhi 39.21bian wei 53.75;PPOhe PODde huo xing ye de dao le jiao hao yi zhi ,zhu cang ji jie shu hou dui zhao zu PPOhe PODhuo xing fen bie wei 17.52 Uhe 2.25 U,er wei bo chu li zu de PPOhe PODhuo xing fen bie wei 13.25 Uhe 1.95 U;dui zhao zu MDAhan liang you 0.68μmol/gshang sheng wei 1.21μmol/g,wei bo chu li zu de MDAhan liang cong chu shi zhi 0.31μmol/gbian wei 0.66μmol/g。yin ci de chu ,you xiao yi zhi xian qie ma ling shu mei cu he bian de tiao jian shi :yong ti ji fen shu wei 5%yi chun rong ye jin pao chu li 15 minhe 390 Wwei bo chu li 5 s。2.wei bo jie ge yi chun chu li dui xian qie ma ling shu mei cu he bian yi zhi de gong yi tiao jian you hua :tong guo chan yin su shi yan ji xiang ying mian she ji yan jiu yi chun rong ye ti ji fen shu 、yi chun rong ye jin pao shi jian 、wei bo gong lv 、wei bo jia re shi jian dui xian qie ma ling shu mei cu he bian yi zhi de ying xiang ,de chu jie lun :390 Wwei bo chu li 5 s,bing jie ge 5%ti ji fen shu de yi chun rong ye jin pao 15 min,dui xian qie ma ling shu mei cu he bian de yi zhi xiao guo zui you ,zai ci tiao jian xia ,BIzhi wei 29.94;PPOhe PODhuo xing jun jiang di ,fen bie wei 12.93 Uhe 1.4 U,MDAhan liang wei 0.50μmol/g。3.wei bo 、yi chun chu li dui mei cu he bian de wu zi wai guang pu de ying xiang jie guo :tong guo dui L-lao an suan he L-duo ba 2chong mei cu he bian de wu zi wai guang pu de yan jiu de chu yi xia jie lun :dui zhao zu yu yi chun rong ye chu li zu 、wei bo chu li zu de L-lao an suan he L-duo ba de zi wai xi shou guang pu mei you xian zhe xing cha yi 。yin ci yi chun rong ye he wei bo chu li mei you gai bian L-lao an suan he L-duo ba de zi wai xi shou guang pu 。4.wei bo 、yi chun chu li dui mei cu he bian de wu gong wai guang pu de ying xiang jie guo :tong guo dui L-lao an suan he L-duo ba gong wai guang pu de pu tu fen xi de chu yi xia jie lun :dui zhao zu yu yi chun rong ye chu li zu 、wei bo chu li zu de L-lao an suan he L-duo ba de gong wai xi shou guang pu mei you xian zhe xing cha yi 。yin ci yi chun rong ye he wei bo chu li mei you gai bian L-lao an suan he L-duo ba de gong wai xi shou guang pu 。5.wei bo chu li dui PPOyuan er se pu de ce ding jie guo :tong guo dui PPOde yuan er se pu pu tu de fen xi jie guo biao ming ,yu dui zhao zu xiang bi ,wei bo chu li hou ma ling shu PPOde fen zi jie gou xian zhe gai bian ,ji zhong α-luo xuan he mo gui ze juan qu de han liang jiang di ,β-she die han liang shang sheng ,zhe chong er ji jie gou de bian hua ke neng shi wei bo chu li yi zhi le PPOde huo xing cong er yi zhi xian qie ma ling shu mei cu he bian de zhu yao yuan yin 。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自兰州理工大学的邹红梅，发表于刊物兰州理工大学2019-07-18论文，是一篇关于鲜切马铃薯论文,酶促褐变论文,微波处理论文,乙醇处理论文,抑制机理论文,兰州理工大学2019-07-18论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自兰州理工大学2019-07-18论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：鲜切马铃薯论文; 酶促褐变论文; 微波处理论文; 乙醇处理论文; 抑制机理论文; 兰州理工大学2019-07-18论文;