本文主要研究内容
作者魏一奇(2019)在《异形核壳结构锂硫电池正极材料的制备及性能研究》一文中研究指出:单质硫资源丰富,成本低廉,环境友好,作为锂二次电池的正极材料时,可表现出超高的理论比容量(1675 mAh·g-1)和能量密度(2600 Wh·kg-1)。因此,锂硫电池近年来受到广泛关注。但由于单质硫及其放电产物的绝缘性,在电解液中的高溶解性及电极体积膨胀等问题,限制了其商业化进程。近些年来,研究者将单质硫与碳材料,导电聚合物及金属氧化物等导电材料复合制备成复合正极,提升活性物质的利用率。本论文以提升硫电极的放电容量和循环性能为目的,将生物质废弃物碳化成多孔碳材料作为储硫基体,并将导电聚合物包覆用于改性生物质碳/硫复合材料,制备具有异形核壳结构的锂硫电池正极材料。主要研究内容如下:(1)以一维管状柳絮,二维片状樱花花瓣,三维块状竹节三种生物质材料作为碳源,KOH作为活化剂,通过碳化活化法制备生物质多孔碳材料。探究不同KOH活化次数(直接碳化,一次活化,二次活化)对于生物质多孔碳材料的微观形貌,比表面积和孔径分布的影响。将上述9种多孔碳材料与硫复合制备成碳/硫复合材料,进行电化学性能测试。结果表明,经过KOH活化后的生物质废弃物的比表面积和孔容显著提升,呈现出各自不同的微观结构。对具有薄壁上皮组织的一维管状生物质材料宜采用一次活化法,可保留中空管状结构,并形成两端收窄,端壁多孔的特殊形貌,防止过度刻蚀造成的结构坍塌。而对具有密排壁厚组织或致密秆壁纤维的生物质材料宜采用二次活化法,可充分活化堆叠的碳层。特别是经过二次活化的竹节,该工艺可充分活化天然竹节上致密的秆壁纤维,形成高度发达的微、介孔结构,显著提升比表面积(1852.64 m2·g-1)和孔容(1.69 cm3·g-1)。其硫/碳复合材料还具有良好的电化学性能(0.1 C下首周放电容量为898.3 mAh·g-1,100 周后剩余448.8 mAh·g-1)。(2)以竹节基生物质多孔碳/硫复合材料(BDC/S)为核,柔性的聚苯胺包覆层(PANI)为壳,制备出具有异形核壳结构的PANI@BDC/S复合材料。并以盐酸浓度,氧化剂比例和苯胺比例三个包覆参数作为研究对象,探索对具有异形结构的BDC/S的最佳包覆工艺。将样品分别制备成正极材料,进行电化学性能测试。实验结果表明,盐酸浓度为1M,氧化剂与单体比例为1:1,苯胺比例为20%时,可在异形“核”体外形成约为30 nm均匀的柔性“壳”层,获得最佳的包覆效果。聚苯胺包覆层可提供完整的导电网络,并通过物理束缚和杂原子的化学吸附作用共同限制聚硫离子的溶出。最终,PANI@BDC/S-20%展现出较高的初始放电比容量(0.1 C下1463 mAh·g-1)和长循环性能(0.5 C下500次循环后剩余366 mAh·g-1),以及出色的倍率性能(2 C下527 mAh·g-1)。(3)为了进一步提升异形核壳结构的循环性能和倍率性能,向包覆层中掺杂了具有强极性的磺酸基基团,得到经磺化聚苯胺(SPANI)包覆的SPANI@BDC/S复合材料。当SPANI@BDC/S被用于Li-S电池的正极材料时展现优异的电化学性能,和出色的电化学反应动力学。其初始放电容量大约为1484 mAh·g-1,0.1 C下100周循环后剩余容量为853 mAh·g-1,和出色的倍率性能(2 C下810.2 mAh·g-1,3 C下682.7 mAh·g-1,5 C下353.0 mAh·g-1)。研究表明,与PANI相比,SPANI包覆层中的磺酸基团不仅对多硫化锂展现出更强的化学吸附,还展现出色的电子/离子双重导电性。最后,通过分子动力学(DFT)模拟分别揭示了SPANI具有硫化锂吸附能力和离子导电性的机理。
Abstract
chan zhi liu zi yuan feng fu ,cheng ben di lian ,huan jing you hao ,zuo wei li er ci dian chi de zheng ji cai liao shi ,ke biao xian chu chao gao de li lun bi rong liang (1675 mAh·g-1)he neng liang mi du (2600 Wh·kg-1)。yin ci ,li liu dian chi jin nian lai shou dao an fan guan zhu 。dan you yu chan zhi liu ji ji fang dian chan wu de jue yuan xing ,zai dian jie ye zhong de gao rong jie xing ji dian ji ti ji peng zhang deng wen ti ,xian zhi le ji shang ye hua jin cheng 。jin xie nian lai ,yan jiu zhe jiang chan zhi liu yu tan cai liao ,dao dian ju ge wu ji jin shu yang hua wu deng dao dian cai liao fu ge zhi bei cheng fu ge zheng ji ,di sheng huo xing wu zhi de li yong lv 。ben lun wen yi di sheng liu dian ji de fang dian rong liang he xun huan xing neng wei mu de ,jiang sheng wu zhi fei qi wu tan hua cheng duo kong tan cai liao zuo wei chu liu ji ti ,bing jiang dao dian ju ge wu bao fu yong yu gai xing sheng wu zhi tan /liu fu ge cai liao ,zhi bei ju you yi xing he ke jie gou de li liu dian chi zheng ji cai liao 。zhu yao yan jiu nei rong ru xia :(1)yi yi wei guan zhuang liu xu ,er wei pian zhuang ying hua hua ban ,san wei kuai zhuang zhu jie san chong sheng wu zhi cai liao zuo wei tan yuan ,KOHzuo wei huo hua ji ,tong guo tan hua huo hua fa zhi bei sheng wu zhi duo kong tan cai liao 。tan jiu bu tong KOHhuo hua ci shu (zhi jie tan hua ,yi ci huo hua ,er ci huo hua )dui yu sheng wu zhi duo kong tan cai liao de wei guan xing mao ,bi biao mian ji he kong jing fen bu de ying xiang 。jiang shang shu 9chong duo kong tan cai liao yu liu fu ge zhi bei cheng tan /liu fu ge cai liao ,jin hang dian hua xue xing neng ce shi 。jie guo biao ming ,jing guo KOHhuo hua hou de sheng wu zhi fei qi wu de bi biao mian ji he kong rong xian zhe di sheng ,cheng xian chu ge zi bu tong de wei guan jie gou 。dui ju you bao bi shang pi zu zhi de yi wei guan zhuang sheng wu zhi cai liao yi cai yong yi ci huo hua fa ,ke bao liu zhong kong guan zhuang jie gou ,bing xing cheng liang duan shou zhai ,duan bi duo kong de te shu xing mao ,fang zhi guo du ke shi zao cheng de jie gou tan ta 。er dui ju you mi pai bi hou zu zhi huo zhi mi gan bi qian wei de sheng wu zhi cai liao yi cai yong er ci huo hua fa ,ke chong fen huo hua dui die de tan ceng 。te bie shi jing guo er ci huo hua de zhu jie ,gai gong yi ke chong fen huo hua tian ran zhu jie shang zhi mi de gan bi qian wei ,xing cheng gao du fa da de wei 、jie kong jie gou ,xian zhe di sheng bi biao mian ji (1852.64 m2·g-1)he kong rong (1.69 cm3·g-1)。ji liu /tan fu ge cai liao hai ju you liang hao de dian hua xue xing neng (0.1 Cxia shou zhou fang dian rong liang wei 898.3 mAh·g-1,100 zhou hou sheng yu 448.8 mAh·g-1)。(2)yi zhu jie ji sheng wu zhi duo kong tan /liu fu ge cai liao (BDC/S)wei he ,rou xing de ju ben an bao fu ceng (PANI)wei ke ,zhi bei chu ju you yi xing he ke jie gou de PANI@BDC/Sfu ge cai liao 。bing yi yan suan nong du ,yang hua ji bi li he ben an bi li san ge bao fu can shu zuo wei yan jiu dui xiang ,tan suo dui ju you yi xing jie gou de BDC/Sde zui jia bao fu gong yi 。jiang yang pin fen bie zhi bei cheng zheng ji cai liao ,jin hang dian hua xue xing neng ce shi 。shi yan jie guo biao ming ,yan suan nong du wei 1M,yang hua ji yu chan ti bi li wei 1:1,ben an bi li wei 20%shi ,ke zai yi xing “he ”ti wai xing cheng yao wei 30 nmjun yun de rou xing “ke ”ceng ,huo de zui jia de bao fu xiao guo 。ju ben an bao fu ceng ke di gong wan zheng de dao dian wang lao ,bing tong guo wu li shu fu he za yuan zi de hua xue xi fu zuo yong gong tong xian zhi ju liu li zi de rong chu 。zui zhong ,PANI@BDC/S-20%zhan xian chu jiao gao de chu shi fang dian bi rong liang (0.1 Cxia 1463 mAh·g-1)he chang xun huan xing neng (0.5 Cxia 500ci xun huan hou sheng yu 366 mAh·g-1),yi ji chu se de bei lv xing neng (2 Cxia 527 mAh·g-1)。(3)wei le jin yi bu di sheng yi xing he ke jie gou de xun huan xing neng he bei lv xing neng ,xiang bao fu ceng zhong can za le ju you jiang ji xing de huang suan ji ji tuan ,de dao jing huang hua ju ben an (SPANI)bao fu de SPANI@BDC/Sfu ge cai liao 。dang SPANI@BDC/Sbei yong yu Li-Sdian chi de zheng ji cai liao shi zhan xian you yi de dian hua xue xing neng ,he chu se de dian hua xue fan ying dong li xue 。ji chu shi fang dian rong liang da yao wei 1484 mAh·g-1,0.1 Cxia 100zhou xun huan hou sheng yu rong liang wei 853 mAh·g-1,he chu se de bei lv xing neng (2 Cxia 810.2 mAh·g-1,3 Cxia 682.7 mAh·g-1,5 Cxia 353.0 mAh·g-1)。yan jiu biao ming ,yu PANIxiang bi ,SPANIbao fu ceng zhong de huang suan ji tuan bu jin dui duo liu hua li zhan xian chu geng jiang de hua xue xi fu ,hai zhan xian chu se de dian zi /li zi shuang chong dao dian xing 。zui hou ,tong guo fen zi dong li xue (DFT)mo ni fen bie jie shi le SPANIju you liu hua li xi fu neng li he li zi dao dian xing de ji li 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自西安理工大学的魏一奇,发表于刊物西安理工大学2019-07-19论文,是一篇关于锂硫电池论文,正极材料论文,生物质材料论文,聚苯胺论文,核壳结构论文,西安理工大学2019-07-19论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自西安理工大学2019-07-19论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:锂硫电池论文; 正极材料论文; 生物质材料论文; 聚苯胺论文; 核壳结构论文; 西安理工大学2019-07-19论文;