本文主要研究内容
作者马国扬（2019）在《相对论重离子碰撞中大横动量粒子的产生》一文中研究指出：在美国布鲁克海文国家实验室的相对论重离子对撞机(RHIC)和欧洲核子中心的大型强子对撞机(LHC)进行的超相对论重离子对撞实验中,我们能够在极小的区域内沉积极高的能量,创造出的极端高温、高密的环境,从而将原本禁闭在强子束缚态的夸克和胶子解禁闭,进而产生出一种全新的物质形态——夸克胶子等离子体(QGP)。夸克胶子等离子体存在很短时间,在其形成之后便会开始膨胀,并在演化过程中逐步地冷却,部分子最终又会重新回归禁闭状态,强子化变成末态可观测到的强子。为了探究该短暂存在的物质形态的形成过程和物态性质,不同的QGP信号、探针过去二十多年里被提出并得到了广泛且深入地研究,其中喷注淬火效应被认为是一种重要的研究夸克胶子等离子体的探针。喷注淬火又被称为部分子能量损失过程,它描述了初始硬散射过程中产生的高能部分子在穿越夸克胶子等离子体时,会与该热密介质发生相互作用,从而损失其部分初始能量的现象。实验上我们则可观测到高能重离子碰撞中单举强子的归一化高横动量谱会低于在核子核子碰撞中的产额、双强子(喷注)和规范波色子标记喷注的横动量不对称性、喷注子结构的差异等现象。随着高能对撞实验的质心能不断地提升,喷注淬火效应作为一种重要的QGP探针得到实验、理论以及唯像上越来越多的关注。在本文研究中,我们将使用一套基于次领头阶微扰量子色动力学(NLO pQCD)的部分子模型的方法来研究高能重离子碰撞中喷注淬火效应及相关问题。大横动量强子因其主要来源于硬散射过程中末态部分子的碎裂过程,能够很好地应用微扰QCD理论进行描述,其中π介子作为末态产额最丰富的强子,是高能重离子碰撞研究中最早亦是最广泛的观测量,RHIC实验中所观测到的大横动量π0介子在核-核碰撞中的压低现象是最早证实QGP存在的信号。我们采用了基于pQCD理论的部分子模型研究了质子-质子碰撞中次领头阶下单举领头强子产额、隔离光子产额以及隔离光子标记的整体喷注产额。在本文中,我们在国际上首次分别在RHIC下200GeV和LHC下2760GeV计算了两类新介子ω和K0s以及一个重子Λ的产生,其中通过对初始标度下不同单举强子的碎裂函数按DGLAP方程演化得到不同标度下的碎裂函数,并与部分子分布函数和部分子硬散射截面卷积得到质子-质子碰撞中的产生截面。我们分别讨论了RHIC和LHC能级下不同单举强子的散射截面,系统验证了pQCD理论的有效性,并为研究不同强子的碎裂过程奠定了基础。引入喷注淬火效应时,我们采用的是多重散射模型的高扭度方法。在该框架描述中,一个快速部分子与QCD介质相互作用,发生多重散射并由介质诱发的胶子辐射从而损失能量,这样的多重散射与碰撞的扭度-4过程有关,并能够给出真空部分子碎裂函数(FFs)在介质中的次领头阶有效碎裂函数(mmFFs),运用pQCD因子定理,得到核-核碰撞中单举强子的产额,给我们研究强子的不同碎裂模式提供了契机。为了更好地描述QGP火球的演化过程,我们将原模型中的3+1维理想流体力学模型Hirano替换成逐事例(event-by-event)2+1维粘滞流体力学模型VISHNU,并系统地计算了六类介子π0、p0、η ω和K0s在Au+Au 200 GeV和Pb+Pb 2760 GeV下核修正因子RAA,并通过与实验数据点进行x2拟合相应抽离出描述部分子和热密介质相互作用强度量——喷注输运参数q0的最优取值范围(RHIC:q0=0.5(+0.15/-0.05)GeV2/fm和 LHC:q0 = 1.2(+0.25/-0.15)GeV2/fm)。这也是第一次同时考虑不同种类介子的RAA来抽离喷注输运参数q0的最优取值范围,以后随着实验的精度进一步提高,各类末态粒子的实验数据更为丰富,能够极大地提高我们计算结果地精度。应用我们提取出地最佳喷注输运参数q0,我们进一步比较了ω介子、K0s介子与π0介子在质子-质子、核-核碰撞中的产额比。我们发现在RHIC能级下大横动量区间p+p碰撞下产额比ω/π0比A+A碰撞下产额比ω/π0要更大,并且没有明显地重合趋势,这是因为ω介子主要是由胶子碎裂而来,即便在核-核碰撞中胶子碎裂的占比会因为喷注淬火效应而进一步降低,我们仍然可以看到在ω介子在横动量pT = 20GeV时的胶子碎裂占比约为60%。而类似情形下π0介子的产生绝大部分都是由夸克碎裂而来,喷注淬火效应则会进一步提高π0介子的夸克碎裂占比。正是因为这两类介子的部分子碎裂占比间差异,结合喷注淬火效应导致了ω/π 在A+A碰撞中比P+p碰撞中要更为压低,类似的结果我们在φ/π0的研究中也能得到。在K0s/π0的计算中,我们可以看到其产额比在LHC能级下p+p碰撞和A+A碰撞的结果会明显重合。我们分析K0s介子的碎裂占比发现它在大横动量区间也是以夸克碎裂为主,并略低于π0介子的夸克碎裂占比,此时K0s/π0的结果主要会取决于各自介子的夸克碎裂函数(DqKs0(zh,Q2))与(Dqπ0(zh,Q2))的比值。由于部分子会在穿越QGP时损失能量,所以在核-核碰撞中K0s/π0的计算结果可以看作真空下夸克碎裂函数比值经由pT移动得到,加之我们发现夸克碎裂函数在大标度下Q= PT随zh和pT的变化不大,所以A+A碰撞下大横动量区间K0s/π0会与p+p碰撞下的结果相接近,类似的结果我们在p0/π0和η/π的研究中也能得到。在重子介子产额比(P+p/(π+π-)和(Λ+Λ)/2KS0计算中,我们发现其奇异性一方面是由于末态强子碎裂过程不同导致,另一方面是由于介质演化过程或粒子流引起。在相对论重离子碰撞中,初态冷核物质效应(CNM effects)是指由原子核引起地对高能碰撞过程的核修正效应,显然它也会对重离子实验中测量的QGP信号产生影响,在本文中我们也研究了冷核物质效应对核修正因子的贡献,一方面加深对CNM效应的理论认识,另一方面也是作为研究热核介质效应的比较基准。引入初态冷核物质效应一个主流方法是在自由核子分布函数(PDFs)上乘上参数化因子得到核中部分子分布函数(nPDFs),但由于非微扰效应,我们很难从第一性原理出发得到恰当的参数化因子或nPDFs,只能通过深度非弹(DIS)过程、Drell-Yan过程以及质子-核碰撞等实验数据拟合得到。目前不同参数化形式的nPDFs表现出的差异性十分明显,因此还需要更多的实验结果以及相应的理论来更好地约束冷核物质效应的可能参数化形式。规范波色子标记的喷注一直都是实验和理论学者们所关注喷注物理的相关热点,由于它是一个研究CNM效应很好的物理观测量。因为在领头阶下,规范波色子与部分子在硬散射过程中是背对背产生,并且规范波色子或其末态轻子在穿越夸克胶子等离子时不与热密介质发生相互作用,因此其将携带全部碰撞初期的信息。这就为我们研究冷核物质效应提供了极佳的探针。在本文中,我们选用的是光子标记的整体喷注,考虑到光子来源较多而我们更关心地是硬散射过程产生的直接光子,需要对碎裂和衰变光子进行背景扣除,我们所采用是与实验组一致的“隔离截断”方法,即围绕着光子方向锥角内伴随强子的能量总和不高于一定阈值。在次领头阶下隔离光子和隔离光子标记的喷注产额的计算中,可观测光子(prompt photon)主要来源于两个机制,一个是直接从硬散射产生的直接光子,另一个是由高能部分子碎裂而来的碎裂光子,随后我们讨论了“隔离截断”分别对两类贡献的影响。由于“隔离截断”的引入,对于光子产生的末态相空间会有额外的约束,因此微扰QCD的因子化定理对于隔离光子的产生并非始终成立。在本文中我们从理论上证明了“隔离截断”满足一定的要求则可以保证pQCD因子化定理有效。在本文中,我们使用隔离光子和隔离光子标记的整体喷注来研究高能碰撞中的冷核效应,我们分别讨论四种不同的核分布函数参数化(DSSZ,nCTEQ15,EPPS16,nIMParton16)形式下次领头阶隔离光子以及隔离光子标记的整体喷注在质子-铅核在8.16TeV下的产额。我们系统阐述了次领头阶隔离光子在特别向前和向后快度区间下冷核修正因子随末态光子横动量以及快度的依赖关系,并对应讨论了在铅核方向上平均Bjorken变量的变化范围。结果表明在不同快度区间的隔离光子的产额可以提供给我们一个有效区分不同冷核效应的机会,并且也十分直观地体现出不同nPDFs参数化形式下冷核效应地差异。我们同时也计算了隔离光子的向前向后产额不对称度,与冷核修正因子的结论一致。受双喷注相关研究启发,我们报告了隔离光子标记的整体喷注的冷核修正因子在特定隔离光子和喷注平均横动量区间下随隔离光子和喷注平均快度的变化。同时我们也发现不同的隔离光子和喷注平均横动量区间各nPDFs参数化形式给出的冷核修正因子有着显著差异,实验上亦可以计算同样的物理量,为nPDFs的参数化形式提供更多的限制。同时我们还计算并比较了pPb和pp碰撞中在入射核方向上平均Bjorken变量与在靶核方向上平均Bjorken变量比值,发现几乎没有任何变化,说明冷核效应对于入射核和靶核的影响是等同的,并未引起不平衡性分布。本文中我们还讨论了蒙特卡洛方法及其在高能核物理领域的一些应用,并简述了用于研究质子-质子碰撞的蒙特卡洛事例产生器PYTHIA的框架与主要物理内涵。随后我们又介绍了用于研究重离子碰撞蒙特卡洛事例产生器HIJING以及将其由FORTRAN版本升级成为C++版本过程中的相关工作,因为HIJING是架构在FORTRAN语言下的PYTHIA6核子核子碰撞模型上以研究高能重离子碰撞过程的模型,我们升级的工作重心就是如何实现在C++语言下的PYTHIA8模型上构建以研究高能重离子碰撞过程的HIJING++模型。我们首先深入了解、分析、比较并总结了PYTHIA6和PYTHIA8两个不同版本模型处理核子核子碰撞过程的异同,对于两者有差异的地方,在HIJING++模型内做出相应地修改与标注,如PYTHIA8中设置以及读取初始参量的方式。我们还对HIJING模型进行了模块化分析,按功能提取并定义出不同类,如Hij Physics类,更进一步将它们嫁接到PYTHIA8的程序框架内并重新封装成Hijing类,并设计、提供与用户交互的接口函数。在升级过程中,我们还对HIJING++的功能以及理论框架做出部分改良,如替换新的随机数种子产生器,新的伪随机数序列有着更好的独立性或不相干性;更丰富、灵活的数学计算相关库的接口函数;引入核遮蔽效应的标度依赖关系以更贴合实际物理过程等。最后我们给出了beta版HIJING++并行计算下效率提升的表现以及部分计算结果并与实验数据进行比较。
Abstract
zai mei guo bu lu ke hai wen guo jia shi yan shi de xiang dui lun chong li zi dui zhuang ji (RHIC)he ou zhou he zi zhong xin de da xing jiang zi dui zhuang ji (LHC)jin hang de chao xiang dui lun chong li zi dui zhuang shi yan zhong ,wo men neng gou zai ji xiao de ou yu nei chen ji ji gao de neng liang ,chuang zao chu de ji duan gao wen 、gao mi de huan jing ,cong er jiang yuan ben jin bi zai jiang zi shu fu tai de kua ke he jiao zi jie jin bi ,jin er chan sheng chu yi chong quan xin de wu zhi xing tai ——kua ke jiao zi deng li zi ti (QGP)。kua ke jiao zi deng li zi ti cun zai hen duan shi jian ,zai ji xing cheng zhi hou bian hui kai shi peng zhang ,bing zai yan hua guo cheng zhong zhu bu de leng que ,bu fen zi zui zhong you hui chong xin hui gui jin bi zhuang tai ,jiang zi hua bian cheng mo tai ke guan ce dao de jiang zi 。wei le tan jiu gai duan zan cun zai de wu zhi xing tai de xing cheng guo cheng he wu tai xing zhi ,bu tong de QGPxin hao 、tan zhen guo qu er shi duo nian li bei di chu bing de dao le an fan ju shen ru de yan jiu ,ji zhong pen zhu cui huo xiao ying bei ren wei shi yi chong chong yao de yan jiu kua ke jiao zi deng li zi ti de tan zhen 。pen zhu cui huo you bei chen wei bu fen zi neng liang sun shi guo cheng ,ta miao shu le chu shi ying san she guo cheng zhong chan sheng de gao neng bu fen zi zai chuan yue kua ke jiao zi deng li zi ti shi ,hui yu gai re mi jie zhi fa sheng xiang hu zuo yong ,cong er sun shi ji bu fen chu shi neng liang de xian xiang 。shi yan shang wo men ze ke guan ce dao gao neng chong li zi peng zhuang zhong chan ju jiang zi de gui yi hua gao heng dong liang pu hui di yu zai he zi he zi peng zhuang zhong de chan e 、shuang jiang zi (pen zhu )he gui fan bo se zi biao ji pen zhu de heng dong liang bu dui chen xing 、pen zhu zi jie gou de cha yi deng xian xiang 。sui zhao gao neng dui zhuang shi yan de zhi xin neng bu duan de di sheng ,pen zhu cui huo xiao ying zuo wei yi chong chong yao de QGPtan zhen de dao shi yan 、li lun yi ji wei xiang shang yue lai yue duo de guan zhu 。zai ben wen yan jiu zhong ,wo men jiang shi yong yi tao ji yu ci ling tou jie wei rao liang zi se dong li xue (NLO pQCD)de bu fen zi mo xing de fang fa lai yan jiu gao neng chong li zi peng zhuang zhong pen zhu cui huo xiao ying ji xiang guan wen ti 。da heng dong liang jiang zi yin ji zhu yao lai yuan yu ying san she guo cheng zhong mo tai bu fen zi de sui lie guo cheng ,neng gou hen hao de ying yong wei rao QCDli lun jin hang miao shu ,ji zhong πjie zi zuo wei mo tai chan e zui feng fu de jiang zi ,shi gao neng chong li zi peng zhuang yan jiu zhong zui zao yi shi zui an fan de guan ce liang ,RHICshi yan zhong suo guan ce dao de da heng dong liang π0jie zi zai he -he peng zhuang zhong de ya di xian xiang shi zui zao zheng shi QGPcun zai de xin hao 。wo men cai yong le ji yu pQCDli lun de bu fen zi mo xing yan jiu le zhi zi -zhi zi peng zhuang zhong ci ling tou jie xia chan ju ling tou jiang zi chan e 、ge li guang zi chan e yi ji ge li guang zi biao ji de zheng ti pen zhu chan e 。zai ben wen zhong ,wo men zai guo ji shang shou ci fen bie zai RHICxia 200GeVhe LHCxia 2760GeVji suan le liang lei xin jie zi ωhe K0syi ji yi ge chong zi Λde chan sheng ,ji zhong tong guo dui chu shi biao du xia bu tong chan ju jiang zi de sui lie han shu an DGLAPfang cheng yan hua de dao bu tong biao du xia de sui lie han shu ,bing yu bu fen zi fen bu han shu he bu fen zi ying san she jie mian juan ji de dao zhi zi -zhi zi peng zhuang zhong de chan sheng jie mian 。wo men fen bie tao lun le RHIChe LHCneng ji xia bu tong chan ju jiang zi de san she jie mian ,ji tong yan zheng le pQCDli lun de you xiao xing ,bing wei yan jiu bu tong jiang zi de sui lie guo cheng dian ding le ji chu 。yin ru pen zhu cui huo xiao ying shi ,wo men cai yong de shi duo chong san she mo xing de gao niu du fang fa 。zai gai kuang jia miao shu zhong ,yi ge kuai su bu fen zi yu QCDjie zhi xiang hu zuo yong ,fa sheng duo chong san she bing you jie zhi you fa de jiao zi fu she cong er sun shi neng liang ,zhe yang de duo chong san she yu peng zhuang de niu du -4guo cheng you guan ,bing neng gou gei chu zhen kong bu fen zi sui lie han shu (FFs)zai jie zhi zhong de ci ling tou jie you xiao sui lie han shu (mmFFs),yun yong pQCDyin zi ding li ,de dao he -he peng zhuang zhong chan ju jiang zi de chan e ,gei wo men yan jiu jiang zi de bu tong sui lie mo shi di gong le qi ji 。wei le geng hao de miao shu QGPhuo qiu de yan hua guo cheng ,wo men jiang yuan mo xing zhong de 3+1wei li xiang liu ti li xue mo xing Hiranoti huan cheng zhu shi li (event-by-event)2+1wei nian zhi liu ti li xue mo xing VISHNU,bing ji tong de ji suan le liu lei jie zi π0、p0、η ωhe K0szai Au+Au 200 GeVhe Pb+Pb 2760 GeVxia he xiu zheng yin zi RAA,bing tong guo yu shi yan shu ju dian jin hang x2ni ge xiang ying chou li chu miao shu bu fen zi he re mi jie zhi xiang hu zuo yong jiang du liang ——pen zhu shu yun can shu q0de zui you qu zhi fan wei (RHIC:q0=0.5(+0.15/-0.05)GeV2/fmhe LHC:q0 = 1.2(+0.25/-0.15)GeV2/fm)。zhe ye shi di yi ci tong shi kao lv bu tong chong lei jie zi de RAAlai chou li pen zhu shu yun can shu q0de zui you qu zhi fan wei ,yi hou sui zhao shi yan de jing du jin yi bu di gao ,ge lei mo tai li zi de shi yan shu ju geng wei feng fu ,neng gou ji da de di gao wo men ji suan jie guo de jing du 。ying yong wo men di qu chu de zui jia pen zhu shu yun can shu q0,wo men jin yi bu bi jiao le ωjie zi 、K0sjie zi yu π0jie zi zai zhi zi -zhi zi 、he -he peng zhuang zhong de chan e bi 。wo men fa xian zai RHICneng ji xia da heng dong liang ou jian p+ppeng zhuang xia chan e bi ω/π0bi A+Apeng zhuang xia chan e bi ω/π0yao geng da ,bing ju mei you ming xian de chong ge qu shi ,zhe shi yin wei ωjie zi zhu yao shi you jiao zi sui lie er lai ,ji bian zai he -he peng zhuang zhong jiao zi sui lie de zhan bi hui yin wei pen zhu cui huo xiao ying er jin yi bu jiang di ,wo men reng ran ke yi kan dao zai ωjie zi zai heng dong liang pT = 20GeVshi de jiao zi sui lie zhan bi yao wei 60%。er lei shi qing xing xia π0jie zi de chan sheng jue da bu fen dou shi you kua ke sui lie er lai ,pen zhu cui huo xiao ying ze hui jin yi bu di gao π0jie zi de kua ke sui lie zhan bi 。zheng shi yin wei zhe liang lei jie zi de bu fen zi sui lie zhan bi jian cha yi ,jie ge pen zhu cui huo xiao ying dao zhi le ω/π zai A+Apeng zhuang zhong bi P+ppeng zhuang zhong yao geng wei ya di ,lei shi de jie guo wo men zai φ/π0de yan jiu zhong ye neng de dao 。zai K0s/π0de ji suan zhong ,wo men ke yi kan dao ji chan e bi zai LHCneng ji xia p+ppeng zhuang he A+Apeng zhuang de jie guo hui ming xian chong ge 。wo men fen xi K0sjie zi de sui lie zhan bi fa xian ta zai da heng dong liang ou jian ye shi yi kua ke sui lie wei zhu ,bing lve di yu π0jie zi de kua ke sui lie zhan bi ,ci shi K0s/π0de jie guo zhu yao hui qu jue yu ge zi jie zi de kua ke sui lie han shu (DqKs0(zh,Q2))yu (Dqπ0(zh,Q2))de bi zhi 。you yu bu fen zi hui zai chuan yue QGPshi sun shi neng liang ,suo yi zai he -he peng zhuang zhong K0s/π0de ji suan jie guo ke yi kan zuo zhen kong xia kua ke sui lie han shu bi zhi jing you pTyi dong de dao ,jia zhi wo men fa xian kua ke sui lie han shu zai da biao du xia Q= PTsui zhhe pTde bian hua bu da ,suo yi A+Apeng zhuang xia da heng dong liang ou jian K0s/π0hui yu p+ppeng zhuang xia de jie guo xiang jie jin ,lei shi de jie guo wo men zai p0/π0he η/πde yan jiu zhong ye neng de dao 。zai chong zi jie zi chan e bi (P+p/(π+π-)he (Λ+Λ)/2KS0ji suan zhong ,wo men fa xian ji ji yi xing yi fang mian shi you yu mo tai jiang zi sui lie guo cheng bu tong dao zhi ,ling yi fang mian shi you yu jie zhi yan hua guo cheng huo li zi liu yin qi 。zai xiang dui lun chong li zi peng zhuang zhong ,chu tai leng he wu zhi xiao ying (CNM effects)shi zhi you yuan zi he yin qi de dui gao neng peng zhuang guo cheng de he xiu zheng xiao ying ,xian ran ta ye hui dui chong li zi shi yan zhong ce liang de QGPxin hao chan sheng ying xiang ,zai ben wen zhong wo men ye yan jiu le leng he wu zhi xiao ying dui he xiu zheng yin zi de gong suo ,yi fang mian jia shen dui CNMxiao ying de li lun ren shi ,ling yi fang mian ye shi zuo wei yan jiu re he jie zhi xiao ying de bi jiao ji zhun 。yin ru chu tai leng he wu zhi xiao ying yi ge zhu liu fang fa shi zai zi you he zi fen bu han shu (PDFs)shang cheng shang can shu hua yin zi de dao he zhong bu fen zi fen bu han shu (nPDFs),dan you yu fei wei rao xiao ying ,wo men hen nan cong di yi xing yuan li chu fa de dao qia dang de can shu hua yin zi huo nPDFs,zhi neng tong guo shen du fei dan (DIS)guo cheng 、Drell-Yanguo cheng yi ji zhi zi -he peng zhuang deng shi yan shu ju ni ge de dao 。mu qian bu tong can shu hua xing shi de nPDFsbiao xian chu de cha yi xing shi fen ming xian ,yin ci hai xu yao geng duo de shi yan jie guo yi ji xiang ying de li lun lai geng hao de yao shu leng he wu zhi xiao ying de ke neng can shu hua xing shi 。gui fan bo se zi biao ji de pen zhu yi zhi dou shi shi yan he li lun xue zhe men suo guan zhu pen zhu wu li de xiang guan re dian ,you yu ta shi yi ge yan jiu CNMxiao ying hen hao de wu li guan ce liang 。yin wei zai ling tou jie xia ,gui fan bo se zi yu bu fen zi zai ying san she guo cheng zhong shi bei dui bei chan sheng ,bing ju gui fan bo se zi huo ji mo tai qing zi zai chuan yue kua ke jiao zi deng li zi shi bu yu re mi jie zhi fa sheng xiang hu zuo yong ,yin ci ji jiang xie dai quan bu peng zhuang chu ji de xin xi 。zhe jiu wei wo men yan jiu leng he wu zhi xiao ying di gong le ji jia de tan zhen 。zai ben wen zhong ,wo men shua yong de shi guang zi biao ji de zheng ti pen zhu ,kao lv dao guang zi lai yuan jiao duo er wo men geng guan xin de shi ying san she guo cheng chan sheng de zhi jie guang zi ,xu yao dui sui lie he cui bian guang zi jin hang bei jing kou chu ,wo men suo cai yong shi yu shi yan zu yi zhi de “ge li jie duan ”fang fa ,ji wei rao zhao guang zi fang xiang zhui jiao nei ban sui jiang zi de neng liang zong he bu gao yu yi ding yu zhi 。zai ci ling tou jie xia ge li guang zi he ge li guang zi biao ji de pen zhu chan e de ji suan zhong ,ke guan ce guang zi (prompt photon)zhu yao lai yuan yu liang ge ji zhi ,yi ge shi zhi jie cong ying san she chan sheng de zhi jie guang zi ,ling yi ge shi you gao neng bu fen zi sui lie er lai de sui lie guang zi ,sui hou wo men tao lun le “ge li jie duan ”fen bie dui liang lei gong suo de ying xiang 。you yu “ge li jie duan ”de yin ru ,dui yu guang zi chan sheng de mo tai xiang kong jian hui you e wai de yao shu ,yin ci wei rao QCDde yin zi hua ding li dui yu ge li guang zi de chan sheng bing fei shi zhong cheng li 。zai ben wen zhong wo men cong li lun shang zheng ming le “ge li jie duan ”man zu yi ding de yao qiu ze ke yi bao zheng pQCDyin zi hua ding li you xiao 。zai ben wen zhong ,wo men shi yong ge li guang zi he ge li guang zi biao ji de zheng ti pen zhu lai yan jiu gao neng peng zhuang zhong de leng he xiao ying ,wo men fen bie tao lun si chong bu tong de he fen bu han shu can shu hua (DSSZ,nCTEQ15,EPPS16,nIMParton16)xing shi xia ci ling tou jie ge li guang zi yi ji ge li guang zi biao ji de zheng ti pen zhu zai zhi zi -qian he zai 8.16TeVxia de chan e 。wo men ji tong chan shu le ci ling tou jie ge li guang zi zai te bie xiang qian he xiang hou kuai du ou jian xia leng he xiu zheng yin zi sui mo tai guang zi heng dong liang yi ji kuai du de yi lai guan ji ,bing dui ying tao lun le zai qian he fang xiang shang ping jun Bjorkenbian liang de bian hua fan wei 。jie guo biao ming zai bu tong kuai du ou jian de ge li guang zi de chan e ke yi di gong gei wo men yi ge you xiao ou fen bu tong leng he xiao ying de ji hui ,bing ju ye shi fen zhi guan de ti xian chu bu tong nPDFscan shu hua xing shi xia leng he xiao ying de cha yi 。wo men tong shi ye ji suan le ge li guang zi de xiang qian xiang hou chan e bu dui chen du ,yu leng he xiu zheng yin zi de jie lun yi zhi 。shou shuang pen zhu xiang guan yan jiu qi fa ,wo men bao gao le ge li guang zi biao ji de zheng ti pen zhu de leng he xiu zheng yin zi zai te ding ge li guang zi he pen zhu ping jun heng dong liang ou jian xia sui ge li guang zi he pen zhu ping jun kuai du de bian hua 。tong shi wo men ye fa xian bu tong de ge li guang zi he pen zhu ping jun heng dong liang ou jian ge nPDFscan shu hua xing shi gei chu de leng he xiu zheng yin zi you zhao xian zhe cha yi ,shi yan shang yi ke yi ji suan tong yang de wu li liang ,wei nPDFsde can shu hua xing shi di gong geng duo de xian zhi 。tong shi wo men hai ji suan bing bi jiao le pPbhe pppeng zhuang zhong zai ru she he fang xiang shang ping jun Bjorkenbian liang yu zai ba he fang xiang shang ping jun Bjorkenbian liang bi zhi ,fa xian ji hu mei you ren he bian hua ,shui ming leng he xiao ying dui yu ru she he he ba he de ying xiang shi deng tong de ,bing wei yin qi bu ping heng xing fen bu 。ben wen zhong wo men hai tao lun le meng te ka luo fang fa ji ji zai gao neng he wu li ling yu de yi xie ying yong ,bing jian shu le yong yu yan jiu zhi zi -zhi zi peng zhuang de meng te ka luo shi li chan sheng qi PYTHIAde kuang jia yu zhu yao wu li nei han 。sui hou wo men you jie shao le yong yu yan jiu chong li zi peng zhuang meng te ka luo shi li chan sheng qi HIJINGyi ji jiang ji you FORTRANban ben sheng ji cheng wei C++ban ben guo cheng zhong de xiang guan gong zuo ,yin wei HIJINGshi jia gou zai FORTRANyu yan xia de PYTHIA6he zi he zi peng zhuang mo xing shang yi yan jiu gao neng chong li zi peng zhuang guo cheng de mo xing ,wo men sheng ji de gong zuo chong xin jiu shi ru he shi xian zai C++yu yan xia de PYTHIA8mo xing shang gou jian yi yan jiu gao neng chong li zi peng zhuang guo cheng de HIJING++mo xing 。wo men shou xian shen ru le jie 、fen xi 、bi jiao bing zong jie le PYTHIA6he PYTHIA8liang ge bu tong ban ben mo xing chu li he zi he zi peng zhuang guo cheng de yi tong ,dui yu liang zhe you cha yi de de fang ,zai HIJING++mo xing nei zuo chu xiang ying de xiu gai yu biao zhu ,ru PYTHIA8zhong she zhi yi ji dou qu chu shi can liang de fang shi 。wo men hai dui HIJINGmo xing jin hang le mo kuai hua fen xi ,an gong neng di qu bing ding yi chu bu tong lei ,ru Hij Physicslei ,geng jin yi bu jiang ta men jia jie dao PYTHIA8de cheng xu kuang jia nei bing chong xin feng zhuang cheng Hijinglei ,bing she ji 、di gong yu yong hu jiao hu de jie kou han shu 。zai sheng ji guo cheng zhong ,wo men hai dui HIJING++de gong neng yi ji li lun kuang jia zuo chu bu fen gai liang ,ru ti huan xin de sui ji shu chong zi chan sheng qi ,xin de wei sui ji shu xu lie you zhao geng hao de du li xing huo bu xiang gan xing ;geng feng fu 、ling huo de shu xue ji suan xiang guan ku de jie kou han shu ;yin ru he zhe bi xiao ying de biao du yi lai guan ji yi geng tie ge shi ji wu li guo cheng deng 。zui hou wo men gei chu le betaban HIJING++bing hang ji suan xia xiao lv di sheng de biao xian yi ji bu fen ji suan jie guo bing yu shi yan shu ju jin hang bi jiao 。
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论文作者分别是来自华中师范大学的马国扬，发表于刊物华中师范大学2019-09-29论文，是一篇关于相对论重离子碰撞论文,夸克胶子等离子体论文,喷注淬火论文,隔离截断论文,规范波色子标记喷注论文,隔离光子论文,末态强子论文,大横动量论文,核修正因子论文,冷核物质效应论文,喷注输运参数论文,华中师范大学2019-09-29论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自华中师范大学2019-09-29论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：相对论重离子碰撞论文; 夸克胶子等离子体论文; 喷注淬火论文; 隔离截断论文; 规范波色子标记喷注论文; 隔离光子论文; 末态强子论文; 大横动量论文; 核修正因子论文; 冷核物质效应论文; 喷注输运参数论文; 华中师范大学2019-09-29论文;