本文主要研究内容
作者周海峰(2019)在《中国城市空气污染的时空变化规律及其社会经济影响因素》一文中研究指出:改革开放40年来,中国的经济和城市化水平飞速发展,城市发展带来了许多环境问题,尤其是近些年频发的空气污染问题。城市的空气污染不仅会造成社会经济的损失,甚至威胁到了民众的健康水平。因此,对空气污染的治理已经迫在眉睫。在现有的研究基础之上,展开对空气污染的时空变化规律和社会经济影响因素的研究。使用我国329个地级及以上城市的空气质量指数,采用多学科交叉方法探索空气污染的时空变化规律。此外,还分析了中国289个地级及以上城市空气污染的社会经济影响因素。在此研究基础之上为中国城市空气污染的治理提出了政策建议。全文的研究内容主要分为四部分,如下。首先,从空气污染的时空变化规律和空气污染的社会经济影响因素视角出发,对相关研究的研究方法及研究对象进行文献整理总结以及归纳,确定文章的研究对象和研究时间区间。发现现有的研究对象大多为单一的空气污染物或主观构建用来衡量空气质量的综合指标,缺乏一个综合性、权威性和客观性的空气质量衡量指标。故此,中国生态环境部发布空气污染指数和空气质量指数均符合上述要求。对比空气污染指数和空气质量指数,空气质量指数的综合性及准确性均高于空气污染指数,故选取空气质量指数来表征我国城市空气污染水平。随后对近些年有关空气质量指数的研究文献进行全面梳理,发现当前有关空气质量指数(Air Quality Index,以下简称AQI)的研究较少,且有关近两年AQI的研究欠缺。基于此,本文选用2015-2017年的空气质量指数对我国空气污染的时空变化规律及社会经济影响因素进行分析。其次,使用全域空间自相关法、自然正交函数和空间描述性统计等多种统计分析方法对我国329个城市的AQI进行分析。结果发现,近3年我国空气质量逐渐改善,且污染范围呈现显著的收缩趋势。逐季来看,我国空气污染水平呈现“冬高夏低,春秋居中”的季节性规律,且污染范围也呈现出“冬广夏窄,春秋居中”的分布状态。逐月来看,AQI呈现出“U”型分布,且6-8月为“U”型谷底。此外,1月、6月和12月AQI的集聚性较强。逐日来看,AQI日均值在冬季波动幅度较大在夏季波动幅度较小,空气质量优良达标率呈现“北低南高”的分布趋势。然后,基于空间依赖性和空间异质性两大空间效应视角,采用空间滞后模型和地理加权回归模型来分析AQI的社会经济影响因素。本研究考虑了人口、社会富裕度、技术水平、产业结构、城市建成区面积、城市交通运输和可吸入颗粒物这7类影响因素。研究结果表明:经济水平的增长、城市建成区面积的扩大和可吸入颗粒物浓度的提升会提高空气污染的水平,而人们环保意识的提高以及城市技术的发展能缓解城市空气污染水平。此外,还发现空气污染受大气环流等因素影响会扩散到周边地区,即空气污染在空间单元上存在空间溢出效应。不仅如此,结果表明空气污染的影响因素存在明显的空间异质性。从经济增长对空气质量的影响来看,胡焕庸线以西的地区相比东部地区更大一些,长江以北地区比南部地区影响更大。最后,对城市空气污染的时空变化规律及社会经济影响因素的研究结果进行归纳总结,并提出以下3点主要的政策建议:(1)下阶段我国空气污染治理的首要任务为预防空气污染的季节性突变。(2)开创全民共赢和共享治污成果的新方式,做好各经济影响因素与环境的统筹兼顾工作。(3)实行空气污染的联防联控工作,加强区域协调绿色发展。
Abstract
gai ge kai fang 40nian lai ,zhong guo de jing ji he cheng shi hua shui ping fei su fa zhan ,cheng shi fa zhan dai lai le hu duo huan jing wen ti ,you ji shi jin xie nian pin fa de kong qi wu ran wen ti 。cheng shi de kong qi wu ran bu jin hui zao cheng she hui jing ji de sun shi ,shen zhi wei xie dao le min zhong de jian kang shui ping 。yin ci ,dui kong qi wu ran de zhi li yi jing pai zai mei jie 。zai xian you de yan jiu ji chu zhi shang ,zhan kai dui kong qi wu ran de shi kong bian hua gui lv he she hui jing ji ying xiang yin su de yan jiu 。shi yong wo guo 329ge de ji ji yi shang cheng shi de kong qi zhi liang zhi shu ,cai yong duo xue ke jiao cha fang fa tan suo kong qi wu ran de shi kong bian hua gui lv 。ci wai ,hai fen xi le zhong guo 289ge de ji ji yi shang cheng shi kong qi wu ran de she hui jing ji ying xiang yin su 。zai ci yan jiu ji chu zhi shang wei zhong guo cheng shi kong qi wu ran de zhi li di chu le zheng ce jian yi 。quan wen de yan jiu nei rong zhu yao fen wei si bu fen ,ru xia 。shou xian ,cong kong qi wu ran de shi kong bian hua gui lv he kong qi wu ran de she hui jing ji ying xiang yin su shi jiao chu fa ,dui xiang guan yan jiu de yan jiu fang fa ji yan jiu dui xiang jin hang wen suo zheng li zong jie yi ji gui na ,que ding wen zhang de yan jiu dui xiang he yan jiu shi jian ou jian 。fa xian xian you de yan jiu dui xiang da duo wei chan yi de kong qi wu ran wu huo zhu guan gou jian yong lai heng liang kong qi zhi liang de zeng ge zhi biao ,que fa yi ge zeng ge xing 、quan wei xing he ke guan xing de kong qi zhi liang heng liang zhi biao 。gu ci ,zhong guo sheng tai huan jing bu fa bu kong qi wu ran zhi shu he kong qi zhi liang zhi shu jun fu ge shang shu yao qiu 。dui bi kong qi wu ran zhi shu he kong qi zhi liang zhi shu ,kong qi zhi liang zhi shu de zeng ge xing ji zhun que xing jun gao yu kong qi wu ran zhi shu ,gu shua qu kong qi zhi liang zhi shu lai biao zheng wo guo cheng shi kong qi wu ran shui ping 。sui hou dui jin xie nian you guan kong qi zhi liang zhi shu de yan jiu wen suo jin hang quan mian shu li ,fa xian dang qian you guan kong qi zhi liang zhi shu (Air Quality Index,yi xia jian chen AQI)de yan jiu jiao shao ,ju you guan jin liang nian AQIde yan jiu qian que 。ji yu ci ,ben wen shua yong 2015-2017nian de kong qi zhi liang zhi shu dui wo guo kong qi wu ran de shi kong bian hua gui lv ji she hui jing ji ying xiang yin su jin hang fen xi 。ji ci ,shi yong quan yu kong jian zi xiang guan fa 、zi ran zheng jiao han shu he kong jian miao shu xing tong ji deng duo chong tong ji fen xi fang fa dui wo guo 329ge cheng shi de AQIjin hang fen xi 。jie guo fa xian ,jin 3nian wo guo kong qi zhi liang zhu jian gai shan ,ju wu ran fan wei cheng xian xian zhe de shou su qu shi 。zhu ji lai kan ,wo guo kong qi wu ran shui ping cheng xian “dong gao xia di ,chun qiu ju zhong ”de ji jie xing gui lv ,ju wu ran fan wei ye cheng xian chu “dong an xia zhai ,chun qiu ju zhong ”de fen bu zhuang tai 。zhu yue lai kan ,AQIcheng xian chu “U”xing fen bu ,ju 6-8yue wei “U”xing gu de 。ci wai ,1yue 、6yue he 12yue AQIde ji ju xing jiao jiang 。zhu ri lai kan ,AQIri jun zhi zai dong ji bo dong fu du jiao da zai xia ji bo dong fu du jiao xiao ,kong qi zhi liang you liang da biao lv cheng xian “bei di na gao ”de fen bu qu shi 。ran hou ,ji yu kong jian yi lai xing he kong jian yi zhi xing liang da kong jian xiao ying shi jiao ,cai yong kong jian zhi hou mo xing he de li jia quan hui gui mo xing lai fen xi AQIde she hui jing ji ying xiang yin su 。ben yan jiu kao lv le ren kou 、she hui fu yu du 、ji shu shui ping 、chan ye jie gou 、cheng shi jian cheng ou mian ji 、cheng shi jiao tong yun shu he ke xi ru ke li wu zhe 7lei ying xiang yin su 。yan jiu jie guo biao ming :jing ji shui ping de zeng chang 、cheng shi jian cheng ou mian ji de kuo da he ke xi ru ke li wu nong du de di sheng hui di gao kong qi wu ran de shui ping ,er ren men huan bao yi shi de di gao yi ji cheng shi ji shu de fa zhan neng huan jie cheng shi kong qi wu ran shui ping 。ci wai ,hai fa xian kong qi wu ran shou da qi huan liu deng yin su ying xiang hui kuo san dao zhou bian de ou ,ji kong qi wu ran zai kong jian chan yuan shang cun zai kong jian yi chu xiao ying 。bu jin ru ci ,jie guo biao ming kong qi wu ran de ying xiang yin su cun zai ming xian de kong jian yi zhi xing 。cong jing ji zeng chang dui kong qi zhi liang de ying xiang lai kan ,hu huan yong xian yi xi de de ou xiang bi dong bu de ou geng da yi xie ,chang jiang yi bei de ou bi na bu de ou ying xiang geng da 。zui hou ,dui cheng shi kong qi wu ran de shi kong bian hua gui lv ji she hui jing ji ying xiang yin su de yan jiu jie guo jin hang gui na zong jie ,bing di chu yi xia 3dian zhu yao de zheng ce jian yi :(1)xia jie duan wo guo kong qi wu ran zhi li de shou yao ren wu wei yu fang kong qi wu ran de ji jie xing tu bian 。(2)kai chuang quan min gong ying he gong xiang zhi wu cheng guo de xin fang shi ,zuo hao ge jing ji ying xiang yin su yu huan jing de tong chou jian gu gong zuo 。(3)shi hang kong qi wu ran de lian fang lian kong gong zuo ,jia jiang ou yu xie diao lu se fa zhan 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自浙江财经大学的周海峰,发表于刊物浙江财经大学2019-04-08论文,是一篇关于空气质量指数论文,自然正交函数论文,空间滞后模型论文,地理加权回归模型论文,浙江财经大学2019-04-08论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自浙江财经大学2019-04-08论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:空气质量指数论文; 自然正交函数论文; 空间滞后模型论文; 地理加权回归模型论文; 浙江财经大学2019-04-08论文;